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	Picaresque novel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The picaresque novel (Spanish: "picaresco", from "pícaro", for "rogue" or "rascal") is a popular style of novel that originated in Spain and flourished in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries and has continued to influence modern literature.
		The term denotes a subgenre of usually satiric prose fiction and depicts in realistic, often humorous detail the adventures of a roguish hero of low social degree living by his or her wits in a corrupt society.
		Alexander A. Parker: Literature and the delinquent: The picaresque novel in Spain and Europe, 1599-1753.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Picaresque_novel (567 words)

	PICARESQUE NOVEL - LoveToKnow Article on PICARESQUE NOVEL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Broadsides relating the stor~ of this picaresque amazon were circulated during her lifetime and the details of her adventures arrested the attention of D Quincey, who would seem to have read them in a Spanisl original which has been admirably translated since then by th French poet Jos Maria de Heredia.
		Every conventionof the picaresque novel is faithfully observed, and the incidentsare no doubt substantially true, though Contreras, like mostconverts, judges his own past with unnecessary harshness.
		The Roman bourgeois (1666) of Antoine Furetire is generally described as a picaresque novel, but this involves a new defln.ition of the adjective; the Roman bourgeois includes some portraits and more satire which seem suggested by picaresque reading, but it is concerned with the foibles of the middle class rather than.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PI/PICARESQUE_NOVEL.htm (3881 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: novel @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Thus, the modern novel is rooted in two traditions, the mimetic and the fantastic, or the realistic and the romantic.
		These novels are not only masterpieces of realism but also—in their carefully crafted form, experimental point of view, and superb style—supreme examples of the novel as a literary genre.
		An early and prevalent type was the picaresque novel, in which the protagonist, a social underdog, has a series of episodic adventures in which he sees much of the world around him and comments satirically upon it.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:novel&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (2905 words)

	MSN Encarta - Novel
		The novel developed in its modern form in Europe in the late 1500s and early 1600s, during the flowering of the Renaissance (14th century to 17th century), a time of renewed interest in learning and culture.
		The subject matter of the early novels reflected the concerns of society in general, including the emergence of the middle class as a social group, the questioning of traditional religious and moral values, curiosity about science and philosophy, and an appetite for exploration and discovery.
		The earliest novels, called picaresque novels, were stories of adventure featuring roguish main characters, or picaros, who traveled widely, depended on their wits for survival, and took advantage of those less clever than themselves.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761560384_9/Novel.html (1768 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It is common that the narrative of the picaresque novel is told by the picaro himself who is a rogue or a former rogue.
		As a work of literature the picaresque novel was simply a series of episodes whose sole link was their occurrence in the life of the picaro, the agile anti-hero who j oins together all the events by sole reason of the fact that he is the important actor in them all (}{\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1055\cgrid0\langnp1033\insrsid3342968 MILLER}{\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1055\cgrid0\langnp1033\insrsid3421571,}{ \f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1055\cgrid0\langnp1033\insrsid5642828 1967:12).
		The source of these novels is to be found in Defoe\rquote s concern for the moral and religious problems of the rising middle class, rather than in the picaresque tradition.}{ \f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1055\cgrid0\langnp1033\insrsid8530911 \par }{\f1\fs22\lang1033\langfe1055\cgrid0\langnp1033\insrsid5642828 Among the eighteenth-century English novelists, Tobias Smollett and Fielding stood close to the picaresque tradition.
	www.kho.edu.tr /yayinlar/bilimdergisi/doc/2002-2/8_bilder.doc (4031 words)

	§21. "Roderick Random" and the "Picaresque" Novel. II. Fielding and Smollett. Vol. 10. The Age of Johnson. The ...
		In the country of Defoe, the Picaresque novel—the realistic novel of travel and adventure—was not absolutely new; nor was the device of stringing the episodes of the story together along the thread of a single character.
		Peregrine is a scoundrel with a very moderate sense of shame; he is also, in his elegant and rather witty way, a bully of the most refined cruelty, who is not content to feast on others’ folly, but likes to pay for the feast with all kinds of insult and annoyance.
		It remains to add that the form of the book is still the picaresque novel; but even this loose construction is disturbed by the interpolation of the immoral but vivacious Memoirs of a Lady of Quality.
	www.bartleby.com /220/0221.html (1149 words)

	GradeSaver: In Dubious Battle Essay: Problem vs Picaresque
		Typically, the loose characteristics of a novel are that it must be set in the realistic world with believable characters interacting with and revealed by believable actions and events in a long narrative form.
		Episodic in nature, the picaresque novel is, in the usual sense of the term, structureless.
		...the picaresque novel nevertheless is strongly marked by realistic methods in its faithfulness to petty detail, its utter frankness of expression, and its drawing of incidents from low life (391).
	www.gradesaver.com /classicnotes/titles/dubious/essay1.html (1355 words)

	A Glossary of Literary Terms
		A novel written for children and discerned by one or more of these: (1) a child character or a character a child can identify with, (2) a theme or themes (often didactic) aimed at children, (3) vocabulary and sentence structure available to a young reader.
		A novel focusing on the solving of a crime, often by a brilliant detective, and usually employing the elements of mystery and suspense.
		That is, whereas most novels flow from beginning to end in a continuous, linear fashion, a hypertext novel can branch--the reader can move from one place in the text to another nonsequential place whenever he wishes to trace an idea or follow a character.
	www.virtualsalt.com /litterms.htm (5144 words)

	novel. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The term novel is derived from novella, Italian for a compact, realistic, often ribald prose tale popular in the Renaissance and best exemplified by the stories in Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron (1348–53).
		The historical novel embraces not only the event-filled romances of Scott, Cooper, and Kenneth Roberts, but also works that strive to convey the essence of life in a certain time and place, such as Sigrid Undset’s Kristin Lavransdatter (1920–22), about life in medieval Norway, and Mary Renault’s Mask of Apollo (1966), set in ancient Greece.
		Emile Zola’s series, The Rougon-Macquarts (1871–93), influenced Arnold Bennett’s novels of the “Five Towns,” which treat life in the potteries in the English midlands; other novels that can be called naturalistic are The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1918), by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, and An American Tragedy (1925), by Theodore Dreiser.
	www.bartleby.com /65/no/novel.html (2910 words)

	picaresque novel - Britannica Concise
		picaresque novel - early form of novel, usually a first-person narrative, relating the adventures of a rogue or low-born adventurer (Spanish pícaro) as he drifts from place to place and from one social milieu to another in his effort to survive.
		novel - an invented prose narrative of considerable length and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human experience, usually through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting.
		novel - In Spain, the novel about the rogue or pícaro was a recognized form, and such English novels as Defoe's The Fortunate Mistress (1724) can be regarded as picaresque in the etymological sense.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9375222 (557 words)

	Picaresque (from novel) -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In Spain, the novel about the rogue or pícaro was a recognized form, and such English novels as Defoe's The Fortunate Mistress (1724) can be regarded as picaresque in the etymological sense.
		In its episodic structure the picaresque novel resembles the long, rambling romances of medieval chivalry, to which it provided the first realistic...
		The novels of Australian author Joseph Furphy combine an acute sense of local Australian life and color with the eclectic philosophy and literary ideas of a self-taught workingman.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-50997 (698 words)

	ENGL1146 Introduction
		The novel developed slowly in the 17th and 18th centuries, gradually taking shape as writers drew on various literary traditions and responded to several crucial social and intellectual influences.
		Although many critics consider the modern novel to have emerged in England, the three chief fictional precursors of the novel were French (the romance), Italian (the novella), and Spanish (the picaresque narrative).
		It is difficult to define a novel or even to identify the qualitative differences between the novel and the short story; however, the length of the novel does affect the nature of the word in remarkable ways.
	www.unb.ca /web/extend/wss/1146demo/introduction.htm (1856 words)

	The Adventures of Augie March
		But this novel begins with the aphorism that "Man's character is his fate" and ends with the aphorism transposed "man's fate is his character." The learning is in the transposition.
		Argues that while both novels share genetic heritage in the evolution of the picaresque novel, it seems evident that Bellow sought to develop his own distinctly modernist voice in contradistinction to the nineteenth century heritage that his text invokes.
		Describes how Bellow has adapted the method of the picaresque novel of previous centuries because it provides him with the autobiographical mode he wants, along with the appearance of simplicity, candor and ingenuousness necessary for depicting an alternate kind of hero from the typically distorted intellectual characteristic of the twentieth-century novel.
	www.saulbellow.org /CriticismandReviews/TheAdventuresofAugieMarch.html (4119 words)

	Jaroslav Hasek - the author of the Fateful Adventures of the Good Soldier Svejk During the World War
		But we are never allowed to dismiss the picaresque vision as merely that of a rogue or a buffoon; once we view the world from the picaro's eyes, we are not likely to forget his frightening perspective.
		Historically, the picaresque novel arose as a reaction against a literary form which was the embodiment and glorification of heroism and codes of honor: the heroic romance.
		All the formal and thematic features of the picaresque which were discussed earlier—e.g., its episodic, a-causal plot and its unresolved ending—contribute to this sense of a world where nothing is permanent and there is no particular meaning to existence.
	www.svejkcentral.com /kovach/kovach262.html (357 words)

	On Hašek's The Good Soldier Švejk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The picaresque novel is a genre well suited to satire because it enables the author, with a minimum of effort, to introduce a wide variety of social types in different and often incongruously funny situations in order to expose their hypocrisy, vanity, and stupidity.
		A frequent additional feature of a number of picaresque novels is the presence of a narrator who guides us through the adventures and typically delivers his own views on particular issues which the adventures of the hero are exploring or illustrating.
		In this picaresque novel, the hero is not learning as he goes or developing a more critical awareness of himself or society or even displaying a desire for anything very different.
	www.mala.bc.ca /~johnstoi/praguepage/hasek.htm (7123 words)

	Road Well Traveled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The genre of picaresque literature, born in 1554 with the anonymous writing of Lazarillo de Tormes, is an exciting form of literature (Dunn 2).
		Modern literary scholar Peter Dunn identifies the traits of the picaresque novel based on an evaluation of the writing styles in the original four Spanish works in which the genre is born: Lazarillo de Tormes, La Picara Justina, Don Quixote, and El Pasagero.
		Dunn’s definition narrows the criteria of a picaresque novel to include: episodic structure, first-person narrative, social satire, travel, master and servant relationship, the uncertain parenthood or orphanage of the picarro, the role of accidents and fortune and a desperate struggle for food and survival (Dunn 3).
	students.uwsp.edu /tcedo167/newpage2.htm (3358 words)

	The Picaresque Novel: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The pícaros, upon whom the picaresque novel is based, were usually errand boys, porters, or factotums (persons employed to do a wide variety of tasks) and were pictured as crafty, sly, tattered, hungry, unscrupulous, petty thieves.
		Early picaresque novels were both idealistic and realistic, tragic and comic, and the authors attacked political, religious, and military matters.
		The picaresque novel is autobiographical and episodic in nature, as the pícaro recounts his adventures in the service of one master after another.
	www.ups.edu /faculty/velez/Span_301/html/unit6/picaresca.htm (518 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Picaresque novel
		The emergence of the picaresque novel in Spain (novela picaresca), in Germany (Schelmenroman) and in England (literally rogue’s tales, or novel of roguery) forms one of the most fascinating chapters in the history of the novel.
		It is not immediately obvious whether these and similar novels were written by members of the Catholic hierarchy, or by outsiders, perhaps even converted Jews (conversos) who rebelled against the Spanish establishment using the narrative form of the Christian confession as their vehicle of resistance and reform.
		As a consequence, the notions that picaresque novels are comic, episodic, poor as character portrayals and amoral in their intention are generally deemed untenable nowadays.
	www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=862 (3879 words)

	Picaresque Continuities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Spanish picaresque novel has often been studied as an isolated phenomenon of the Golden Age, peripheral to the development of the novel as we know it.
		By placing texts such as Lazarillo de Tormes, Guzmán de Alfarache and Estebanillo González in their social and imperial contexts, the Spanish picaresque novel is restored to a central position in the history of reading and literature, bridging the two-century gap between Cervantes and Goethe.
		In proposing the unification of the biographical genres known as the picaresque novel and the Bildungsroman, this book examines the adoption of the Spanish picaresque by authors in Germany, France, Mexico and Brazil, at moments when colonial conditions made fertile ground for upwardly mobile heroes.
	www.unprsouth.com /picaresque.htm (286 words)

	An Overview of Dickens's Picaresque Novel Martin Chuzzlewit
		The world of this novel is one of steep contrasts: the idyllic countryside near Salisbury contrasting with the slums near Todgers's in London and the swamp of Eden in the United States.
		Although this novel was written in the railway age, Dickens harkens back to the England of the Regency with its coaches and turnpike roads; nevertheless, as in the case of Tigg's personal carriage and Martin's arrival in America, there is a sense of rapid movement.
		Dickens uses the novel as a fantastic stage which teems with action and rings with voices of all classes and conditions.
	www.victorianweb.org /authors/dickens/pva/pva23.html (1481 words)

	ENL 6236 Prep Class 3
		Picaresque Novel: A chronicle, usually autobiographical, presenting the life story of a rascal of low degree engaged in menial tasks and making his living more through his wits than his industry.
		The picaresque novel tends to be episodic and structureless.
		"The Novel" must be understood as what Marx calls a "simple abstraction," a deceptively monolithic category that encloses a complex historical process.
	chuma.cas.usf.edu /~runge/623604class15.htm (1383 words)

	PICARESQUE NOVEL, THE - Online Information article about PICARESQUE NOVEL, THE
		Salas Barbadillo, who is always described as a picaresque novelist; yet he so constantly neglects the recognized conventions of the Spanish school that his right to the title is disputable.
		BEAT (a word common in various forms to the Teutonic languages; it is connected with the similar Romanic words derived from the Late Lat.
		close study of Spanish picaresque stories: the Precaution inutile is taken from Guzman de Alf arache, and Les Hypocrites is merely a translation of Salas Barbadillo's Hija de Celestina.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /PER_PIG/PICARESQUE_NOVEL_THE.html (4666 words)

	Cervantes De/Re-Constructs the Picaresque, by Peter n. Dunn
		N. a commonplace of literary history to contrast Cervantes with the picaresque novels of his epoch, and to recognize in the allusions to and reflections of them in his works expressions of hostility.
		The peculiarity of picaresque is that these works which we understand to have been most original are most antagonistic to their predecessors in the way that they make their shared formal elements signify radically different signifieds.
		That materia novelable is integrated into his third-person narratives with great variation and subtlety, and makes possible new structures as well as new thematic combinations and new modes of judgment.
	www.h-net.org /~cervantes/csa/articf82/dunn.htm (8520 words)

	picaresque novel -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		early form of novel, usually a first-person narrative, relating the adventures of a rogue or low-born adventurer (Spanish pícaro) as he drifts from place to place and from one social milieu to another in his effort to survive.
		Within its broad framework, the genre of the novel has encompassed an extensive range of types and styles: picaresque, epistolary, Gothic, romantic,...
		Originating with Samuel Richardson's Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded (1740), the story of a servant girl's victorious struggle against her master's attempts to seduce her, it was one of the earliest forms of novel to be developed and remained one of the most popular up to the 19th century.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9059900 (827 words)

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