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Topic: Picofarads

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	Atlantic Quality Design, Inc., ZEROCAP(TM)
		The ZEROCAP device reduces the cable capacitance to near zero, typically 45 picofarads, which is effectively the capacitance of the connectors.
		Even the best guitar cables have 15 to 30 picofarads of capacitance per foot, amounting to a tone killing 650 picofarads for a 20 foot cable.
		Think of it: You have been playing through 500 picofarads of choking cable capacitance since you were a kid.
	www.aqdi.com /zerocap.htm (1308 words)

	Apparatus and method for reducing and balancing the capacitance of overvoltage protector in high frequency ...
		The imbalance of the circuit 100 between the tip-to-ground capacitance and the ring-to-ground capacitance is, of course, (150-150), or 0 picofarads (pfd).
		Thus, the addition of the stacked diode networks 202 and 203 reduces the overall off-state capacitance of the circuit 200 from 72.4 to 8.8 picofarads (pfd) and improves the imbalance between the tip-to-ground capacitance and the ring-to-ground capacitance of the circuit 200 from 10 to 0.15 picofarads (pfd) for high frequency transmissions.
		Thus, the addition of the stacked diode networks 202 and 203 reduces the overall off-state capacitance of the circuit 200 from 65.2 to 8.7 picofarads (pfd) and improves the imbalance between the tip-to-ground capacitance and the ring-to-ground capacitance of the circuit 200 from 50 to 0.9 picofarads (pfd) for high frequency transmissions.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6680839.html (6115 words)

	Edgerton Center: Measure Your Own Capacitance
		The units are "farads" and "picofarads" (1 pF= 10^
		Human beings are conducting objects and get charged up by shuffling across rugs, sliding out of cars, combing hair, etc. This apparatus will tell you your capacitance in picofarads relative to the surroundings ó it correlates with height and weight ó tall and/or heavy people have larger capacitance.
		The display uses an adjustable, regulated low voltage power supply (ranging from 1 to 12 volts at up to 1.5 amperes), which powers an emitter follower connected to the primary of a transformer made by eight turns on a 5 mH ferrite core inductor.
	web.mit.edu /Edgerton/www/Capacitance.html (524 words)

	Molecular Expressions: Physics of Light and Color - Radio Wave Tuner: Interactive Java Tutorial
		The tutorial initializes with the variable capacitor set to a value of 50 picofarads, which enables the tuner to receive radio frequencies of 107.0 megahertz.
		In order to operate the tutorial, use the mouse cursor to translate the Capacitance slider to the right, between a range of 50 and 450 picofarads, corresponding to a radiofrequency range of 87 to 107 megahertz (the FM band).
		As the slider is translated, the variable capacitor plates rotate to simulate increased or decreased overlap, and the sine wave on the virtual oscilloscope changes wavelength.
	www.micro.magnet.fsu.edu /primer/java/radiowavetuner (715 words)

	Reading Capacitance Values
		Therefore, we use microfarads (µf) and picofarads (pf) to represent practical capacitance values.
		Thus, whole numbers express capacitance values in picofarads while decimal fractions express values in microfarads.
		In this nomenclature, all values are given in picofarads.
	www.play-hookey.com /dc_theory/capacitor_values.html (441 words)

	Molecular Expressions: Physics of Light and Color - Radio Wave Tuner: Interactive Java Tutorial
		The tutorial initializes with the variable capacitor set to a value of 50 picofarads, which enables the tuner to receive radio frequencies of 107.0 megahertz.
		In order to operate the tutorial, use the mouse cursor to translate the Capacitance slider to the right, between a range of 50 and 450 picofarads, corresponding to a radiofrequency range of 87 to 107 megahertz (the FM band).
		As the slider is translated, the variable capacitor plates rotate to simulate increased or decreased overlap, and the sine wave on the virtual oscilloscope changes wavelength.
	micro.magnet.fsu.edu /primer/java/radiowavetuner/index.html (715 words)

	Capacitors (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Capacitors are measured in farads, but a farad is a huge value compared to what is needed in a typcial music amplifier or similar circuit.
		So caps are usually measured in microfarads (millionths of a farad) or picofarads (trillionths of a farad).
		Picofarads are usually represented by the letter "p".
	www.rru.com /~meo/Guitar/Tubes/Basic/caps.html (488 words)

	Learn Electronics Lessons and Information Pages
		A more difficult scheme is shown in Figure 2 with examples.
		The unit is picofarads and the third number is a multiplier.
		A capacitor coded 474K63 means 47 × 10000 pF which is equivalent to 470000 pF or 0.47 microfarads.
	www.twysted-pair.com /capidcds.htm (148 words)

	Olympus Microscopy Resource Center: Physics of Light and Color - Radio Wave Tuner: Interactive Java Tutorial
		The tutorial initializes with the variable capacitor set to a value of 50 picofarads, which enables the tuner to receive radio frequencies of 107.0 megahertz.
		In order to operate the tutorial, use the mouse cursor to translate the Capacitance slider to the right, between a range of 50 and 450 picofarads, corresponding to a radiofrequency range of 87 to 107 megahertz (the FM band).
		As the slider is translated, the variable capacitor plates rotate to simulate increased or decreased overlap, and the sine wave on the virtual oscilloscope changes wavelength.
	www.olympusmicro.com /primer/java/radiowavetuner/index.html (658 words)

	Convert jar to picofarads - conversion of measurement units
		We assume you are converting between jar and picofarad.
		The SI derived unit for capacitance is the farad.
		1 farad is equal to 898755224.015 jar, or 1.0E+12 picofarads.
	www.convertunits.com /from/jar/to/picofarads (214 words)

	Shure Brothers Phono Cartridge Home Page
		47, 000 ohms resistance in parallel with 250 to picofarads total capacitance.
		47, 000 ohms resistance in parallel with 200 to 300 picofarads total capacitance.
		47, 000 ohms resistance in parallel with 400 to 500 picofarads total capacitance.
	www.adelcom.net /ShureCart1.htm (732 words)

	Amazon.com: picofarads (Site not responding. Last check: )
		CAPACITORS ARE SPECIFIED IN PICoFARADS (TRILLIONITHS OF A FARAD AND...
		nanofarads (nF -10-9 farads), and picofarads (pF - 10-12 farads).
		in microfarads (mF or 11F), picofarads (pF), or nanofarads (nF).
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=picofarads&index=blended&page=1 (1052 words)

	ON THEREMIN SENSITIVITY
		It should be noted that the value for C is the total value of all elements in parallel, including fixed and variable "tank" capacitors, stray circuit capacitances, parasitic antenna capacitance, and of course the all-important hand-to-antenna capacitance.
		The additional hand-to-antenna capacitance is usually the smallest component of the total capacitance, contributing from zero (at an "infinite" distance from the antenna) to only a few picofarads very close to the antenna.
		Since we took a partial derivative on C, assuming L to be constant, the quantity in the brackets can be lumped together as a constant.
	www.dogstar.dantimax.dk /theremin/thersens.htm (1552 words)

	Capacitor - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		In SI units, a capacitor has a capacitance of one farad when one coulomb of charge causes a potential difference of one volt across the plates.
		Since the farad is a very large unit, values of capacitors are usually expressed in microfarads (µF), nanofarads (nF) or picofarads (pF).
		The capacitance is proportional to the surface area of the conducting plate and inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/c/a/p/Capacitor.html (2699 words)

	Selection Guide \| Robertshaw Industrial Products
		The table below shows the picofarads per foot for various probes in differing vessel diameters.
		All values given are for that given probe in that given vessel with AIR surrounding the sensing probe.
		When using the above tables and graphs for determining the span in picofarads (change in capacitance for a given distance due to the rising product in a vessel) the dielectric constant (K) of the product must be reduced by 1 to compensate for the displaced air.
	www.robertshawindustrial.com /pages/products/rflevel/bareprobe.asp (167 words)

	Mark III User's Guide
		However, these numbers are used in the exact same manner as the three bands on a resistor to indicate the value in picofarads.
		(100,000 picofarads is the same as 0.1 microfarads - a common value).
		This table shows the correspondence between the markings and the capacitor value in picofarads, nanofarads, and microfarads.
	www.junun.org /MarkIII/Manual/Appendix.jsp (1680 words)

	What is picofarad per meter? - a definition from Whatis.com - see also: pF/m
		The picofarad per meter (symbolized pF/m) is a unit of electric permittivity, a constant of proportionality that exists between
		Permittivity is a characteristic of matter, and is important in the design and construction of capacitors and radio-frequency (RF) transmission lines.
		Relative permittivity can be expressed as the ratio of the number of picofarads per meter in a particular substance to 8.85 pF/m.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci812011,00.html (186 words)

	[No title]
		Air dielectric caps are impractical for values beyond a few hundred picofarads because of their increasing size.
		They can be used for values from low picofarads up to usually around one microfarad.
		Ceramic caps are as a rule "nonpolar" Mica: A very good, very stable dielectric made of the mineral Mica, with plated or deposited plates on either side (often silver, hence the name "silvered mica") These are a better performer than the ceramic caps in the NPO series.
	www.musicsynthesizer.com /txt/caps2.txt (3012 words)

	Music From Outer Space Resistor Calculator
		Capacitors are usually measured in microfarads abbreviated uF (1 µF =.000001 Farad) and picofarads, abbreviated pF (1 pF =.000000000001 F).
		Typically the capacitance of these types ranges from a few picofarads to a couple of microfarads.
		This is the schematic symbol for a polarized capacitor.
	www.musicfromouterspace.com /ElectronicTools/CapacitorChart.html (616 words)

	Switch Design - Microwave Encyclopedia - Microwaves101.com
		Switching time estimates for FET switches can be simply calculated by looking at the R-C time constant of the bias choke resistor and the FET off capacitance.
		For example, if a 2K ohm resistor is used on a one millimeter FET, the time constant would be 0.3 nanoseconds (1000 times 0.32 picofarads).
		Such a design would be capable of settling within 1 nanosecond, which would be considered a "high-speed" switch.
	www.microwaves101.com /encyclopedia/switch_design.cfm (1193 words)

	Reading Resistors and Capacitors
		It will have its value written on it either in a three digit code (similar to resistors) or in absolute value, presumed to be either in microfarads or picofarads.
		The third is the multiplier (how many zeroes you add onto the end) and the value is in picofarads.
		Just to make it more interesting, a capacitor with a value of 4,700 picofarads (that's a code of 472) is sometimes written like this: 4n7 Read it like "4.7 nanofarads".
	www.ianjuby.org /readres.html (969 words)

	Don't Touch That Dial!
		Since a microhenry is 10^(-6) henries, and a picofarad is 10^(-12) farads, if we use those units in the formula above, then the frequency f would be in units of 10^9 Hertz, or Gigahertz, since 9 is half of 18.
		One might, typically, obtain inductors whose inductance is given in millihenries, and the most common variable capacitor used to tune radios to the desired station might have a capacitance which can be varied from 365 picofarads down to a minimum amount variously specified as 9 picofarads, or 14 picofarads.
		One source notes that such a capacitor is typically used in conjunction with an inductance of 250 microhenries when used to tune the AM broadcast band.
	www.quadibloc.com /science/freqint.htm (3301 words)

	Electrical Principles
		E5A17 (C) What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 14.25 MHz and a Q of 187?
		E5B01(B)What is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage?
		E5E20 (B)In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a resistance of 4 ohms, an inductive reactance of 4 ohms, and a capacitive reactance of 1 ohm?
	craigr.com /subelement5.htm (3234 words)

	Selection Guide \| Robertshaw Industrial Products
		These graphs illustrate capacitance in picofarads per foot (pF/ft.), in various vessel diameters, generated by standard probes offered by Robertshaw.
		In the graphs, the sensing probe is calculated as being mounted in the center of a cylindrical vessel of the diameter shown.
		This is not exact, but is close enough for all probe picofarad calculations.
	www.robertshawindustrial.com /pages/products/rflevel/insprobe.asp (831 words)

	Using your KWM-2/2A on the WARC bands.
		The means of adding the capacitance may take several forms, so I will only describe a simple, straight forward one here.
		First, don't plan on using a piece of RG58 to connect your little box to the rig, as 30 inches of it will add about 130 picofarads to your radio's loading network.
		The measured capacity at the tip of my double plug is 387 picofarads.
	www.angelfire.com /de/vk3kcm/warc.html (549 words)

	BBC - GCSE Bitesize - Design \| Electronics \| Capacitors
		These will be measured in microfarads (one millionth of a farad or 1/1,000,000) or picofarads (one million-millionth of a farad or 1/1,000,000,000,000).
		Electrolytic capacitors may be either axially mounted (on their side, connected at each end) or radially mounted (upright with both connections at the bottom).
		these are usually much smaller than the polarised type, and have smaller capacitance values ranging from a few picofarads to a few microfarads.
	www.bbc.co.uk /schools/gcsebitesize/design/electronics/materialscomponentsrev6.shtml (618 words)

	Capacitor decode page
		Capacitance is usually measured in microFarads, abbreviated µF, or picoFarads (pF).
		F) and a pF picoFarad is one-millionth of a microFarad (10
		A capacitor is a device that stores an electrical charge or energy on it's plates.
	www.wjoe.com /capacitorinfo2.htm (839 words)

	ADVANCED QUALIFICATION - PARALLEL RESONANCE
		Look closely at the values of L and C. If the values are small, the resonant frequency is high and all answers in kHz can be eliminated.
		What is the resonant frequency of a parallel R-L-C circuit if R is 4.7 kilohms, L is 2 microhenrys and C is 15 picofarads?
		What is the resonant frequency of a parallel R-L-C circuit if R is 4.7 kilohms, L is 5 microhenrys and C is 9 picofarads?
	www.hamstudy.com /freeadvanced/a-001-4.html (328 words)

	ADVANCED QUALIFICATION - SERIES RESONANCE
		What is the resonant frequency of a series R-L-C circuit, if R is 47 ohms, L is 40 microhenrys and C is 200 picofarads?
		What is the resonant frequency of a series R-L-C circuit, if R is 47 ohms, L is 50 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?
		What is the resonant frequency of a series R-L-C circuit, if R is 47 ohms, L is 25 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?
	www.hamstudy.com /freeadvanced/a-001-3.html (329 words)

	eBay Express: 2 Guitar & Bass PRO Cables Cord ONLY 38 PICOFARADS #TGC - Description
		Some as high as 200 Picofarads per foot.
		A cable with a high Picofarad rating is much cheaper to make, and they will still work, but they will not sound as good.
		Most guitar cable manufactures don't even give you their rated Picofarads because they are so high.
	item.express.ebay.com /Musical-Instruments_Guitars_Guitar-Amp-Accessories_2-Guitar-Bass-PRO-Cables-Cord-ONLY-38-PICOFARADS-TGC_W0QQitemZ7387269669QQihZ016QQptdnZGuitarQ20AmpQ20AccessoriesQQddnZMusicalQ20InstrumentsQQadnZGuitarsQQptdiZ654QQddiZ1300QQadiZ1299QQcmdZExpressItem (645 words)

	HamTestOnline™ — Canadian Advanced Question Pool
		The current between the plates of a charged capacitor The space around a conductor, through which a magnetic force acts Current through the space around a permanent magnet The force that drives current through a conductor A-001-02-11 (4) What unit measures electrical energy stored in an electromagnetic field?
		Coulomb Farad Watt Henry A-001-03-01 (2) What is the resonant frequency of a series R-L-C circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 50 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?
		2.2 microfarads 44 microfarads 44 picofarads 2.2 picofarads A-001-04-01 (2) What is the resonant frequency of a parallel R-L-C circuit if R is 4.7 kilohms, L is 1 microhenry and C is 10 picofarads?
	www.hamtestonline.com /canadian_advanced_20010701.htm (9864 words)

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