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Topic: Picogram

In the News (Wed 15 Feb 12)

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	Researchers say PCBs still threaten world's air and seas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Many of the water samples taken from the northern hemisphere and tropical areas contained from 100 to 500 picograms of PCBs per liter (a picogram is a trillionth of a gram), which is a relatively high level of contamination.
		Ninety percent of all research samples contained 1 picogram to 50 picograms of PCBs.
		A high level of pesticides--1,000 to 5,000 picograms per liter-were detected in samples taken from areas of the Pacific Ocean ranging from northern Canada to the Aleutian Islands.
	www.chem.unep.ch /POPS/POPs_Inc/press_releases/pressrel-99/pr12.htm (364 words)

	Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry: Introduction
		One picogram is the equivalent of one drop of detergent in enough dishwater to fill a trainload of railroad tank cars ten miles long.
		Many of the pollutants found in air are present at concentrations lower than one picogram in a cubic meter of air.
		It is important for an the instrument to be able to detect these low concentrations.
	www.unsolvedmysteries.oregonstate.edu /GCMS_03.shtml (297 words)

	ES&T Online News: Picogram PAH analysis of aerosol particles
		Using a home-built, two-step laser mass spectrometry (L2MS) system that is optimized for filter samples, Renato Zenobi and colleagues at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zürich, have developed a method to quantify picogram levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed on aerosol particles.
		L2MS has previously been used to analyze PAHs in air, but until now, only qualitative measurements of the relative abundance of different PAHs could be made using the technique.
		The researchers attribute the discrepancy to losses during sample preparation for the GC/MS measurements.
	pubs.acs.org /subscribe/journals/esthag-w/2002/jun/tech/be_PAH.html (356 words)

	GreenFacts Toolbox
		picogram I-TEQ per kilogram of body weight (pg I-TEQ/kg bw).
		Alternatively, as dioxins accumulate in fat, the body burden can be expressed in picogram I-TEQ per gram of serum lipid, i.e.
		Instead of the weight unit picogram (pg), nanogram (ng) can be used, 1000 pg being 1 ng.
	www.greenfacts.org /dioxins/toolboxes/body-burden.htm (180 words)

	Scribera - nanogram and pecogram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		picogram = 10 to the minus 12 grams
		"A pg is a picogram, which equals one 1/trillionth of one gram.
		A nanogram is generally defined as one billionth of a gram and a picogram as
	www.scribera.com /forum/showthread.php?t=3866 (2174 words)

	ATSDR Downgrading Dioxin Toxicity
		At the levels ATSDR recommends as Minimum Risk Level (1 pg/kg/day), it would be acceptable for an adult human to have 1.7 million picograms TEQ for a seventy year lifetime, or 25,000 pg/kg (25 ng/kg) body weight.
		Please send letters to ATSDR calling on them to ratify the EPA limit, based on good science, of.006 pg/kg/day, or to set it to ZERO because many or most of us are near or at the "limit" for harm.
		Each picogram of TCDD contains 1.88 billion molecules, each of which is capable of disrupting the normal actions of a cell, in ways that are undetectable by our immune system.
	www.cqs.com /atsdr.htm (1328 words)

	News-GenUs-Arcturus 0804 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The company offers the service to researchers who have as few as 10 cells or 100 picograms of total RNA.
		Consistent with its philosophy of using only what the company believes are the best available technologies, GenUs BioSystems uses the Arcturus RiboAmp™ RNA Amplification Kit to generate enough RNA to run bioarray experiments on Amersham/G.E. Healthcare CodeLink™ bioarrays.
		GenUs BioSystems’ gene expression profiling service for picogram quantities is the latest addition to the company’s portfolio of genomics services, which includes experiment design consulting, RNA isolation, gene expression profiling, data analysis, and data consulting.
	www.arctur.com /about/news/news_genus_arcturus_0804.htm (392 words)

	Picogram Analyses of Explosive Residues Using the Thermal Energy Analyzer (TEA®). Fine DH, Yu WC, Goff EU, Bender ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Picogram Analyses of Explosive Residues Using the Thermal Energy Analyzer (TEA®).
		Abstract: The thermal energy analyzer (TEA®), interfaced to both a gas and a high performance liquid chromatograph, has been shown to be selective to nitro-based explosives at a sensitivity of 4 to 5 pg injected on-column.
		Because of the selectivity of the technique, there was no need for sample cleanup before analysis.
	www.astm.org /jforensicsci/PAGES/426.htm (139 words)

	GPI Toxics Campaign - Human Health Effects - Dioxin
		A picogram is a trillionth of a gram.
		One picogram of the most potent dioxin, TCDD, contains 1.88 billion molecules of dioxin, each of which is theoretically capable of disrupting a cell.
		In general, levels of PCDD/Fs in blood, adipose tissue and milk are higher in industrialised nations than in developing nations.
	archive.greenpeace.org /toxics/toxicsold/he/he-dioxin5.html (666 words)

	Chemiluminescent Kit offers alternative to isotopics., Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.
		Kit detects less than one picogram of sample, and light signal lasts 6 to 8 hours after activation.
		This highly-sensitive, fast-acting alternative to isotopic detection is able to detect less than one picogram of sample, and the light signal lasts 6-8 hours after activation.
		Successful experiments can be run with small amounts of sample, and there's no need to rush into the darkroom after activation.
	news.thomasnet.com /fullstory/13152/1389 (918 words)

	[No title]
		Because of its picogram sensitivity it is a useful tool for detecting energetic materials (explosives) involving volatile organics of all kinds.
		The saturated equilibrium ambient air concentration of TNT, RDX, and PETN as a function of ambient temperature is shown in Figure 4.
		At room temperature there are approximately 100 picograms of TNT per milliliter available for detection.
	www.estcal.com /TechPapers/Security/Odors_of_Explosives.doc (2854 words)

	Kim Cameron’s Identity Weblog » Denial of servce attacks on the GE Puffer?
		The upshot is that the Puffer can detect quantities of explosives as small as a picogram!
		Well a picogram is 10 to the -12 grams.
		Essentially if you zoomed a BB to the size of a school bus, a picogram would be the size of a grain of salt in the bus.
	www.identityblog.com /?p=550 (443 words)

	Temperature control for chromatograph performance: News from ESA Biosciences
		To readily quantify picogram to femtogram levels of oxidisable or reducible compounds in a sample, the CouloChem III is the HPLC detector of choice - says ESA.
		The Coulochem III detector represents a significant advance in highly selective and sensitive chromatographic detection.
		Measurement of picogram to femtogram levels of oxidisable or reducible neurochemical, clinical, pharmaceutical, environmental, and biological compounds can now be made easily and reliably.
	www.laboratorytalk.com /news/esa/esa132.html (328 words)

	Fast, accurate detection of explosives on airport luggage possible
		According to Cooks, no portable device is currently on the market that can analyze samples in this manner.
		The team had previously developed a prototype device that detects nanogram-sized samples, but with recent improvements the device has proven successful at detecting at the picogram (trillionths of a gram) level in lab tests, about 1,000 times less material than previously required.
		Cooks said he thinks a portable tool based on the technology could prove valuable for security in public places worldwide.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-09/pu-fad093005.php (1110 words)

	Allan S. Felsot
		Felsot, A. No-spray buffer zones for the ag/urban interface: derivation using drift modeling and toxicologically relevant benchmarks.
		Within canopy movement and deposition of insecticide residues in orchards during spray operations.
		Derivation of no-spray buffer zones using toxicologically relevant benchmarks.
	feql.wsu.edu /profiles/felsot.htm (584 words)

	How to Advertise in the PICOGRAM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The PICOGRAM is published twice a year and contains the national meeting abstracts for the Division of Agrochemicals.
		The format for the Picogram has changed to a 8.5 x 11" page size, so updated sizes and costs of ads in the PICOGRAM are:
		The deadline for receiving ads for the Spring Issue is December 15th and April 15th for the Fall Issue.
	membership.acs.org /a/agro/Archive2004/Picogram.html (162 words)

	Japan ENVIRONMENTAL PANEL RECOMMENDS 0.6 PICOGRAM OF DIOXIN
		SATURDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1999 KANAGAWA (FRONT PAGE) AND TOKYO (POLITICS PAGE) ENVIRONMENTAL PANEL RECOMMENDS 0.6 PICOGRAM OF DIOXIN TOKYO — The central environmental panel submitted on December 10 a package of recommendations to the Environmental Agency regarding discharge standards of dioxin in the air, water, and soil.
		The panel set the following standards: 0.6 picogram for one cubic meter of air, 1,000 picogram for one gram of soil, and 1 picogram for one liter of water.
		The agency’s goal is to reduce the dioxin discharge by 90% of the 1997 levels by year 2002.
	lists.essential.org /dioxin-l/msg01382.html (163 words)

	NuGEN
		Performing transcript profiling with picograms of total RNA
		Preparing target from picogram levels of total RNA in one day
		From picogram levels of RNA to arrays in one day
	www.nugentechnologies.com (48 words)

	Home-X->DET->TID-Modes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		TID-1-AIR(OXYGEN): selective for Halogenates and Nitro compounds at picogram levels, some Oxygenates at picrogram and nanogram levels, water vapor at ppm levels, and microgram levels of Methylene groups in Linear Chain Hydrocarbons.
		FTID (Flame Thermionic Ionization): selective for Nitrogen or Halogen compounds at nanogram levels and above.
		REMOTE FID: selective for Pb, Sn, P, or Si compounds with picogram detection.
	www.chromtech.net.au /tid-modes.cfm (257 words)

	Picogram Analyses of Explosive Residues Using the Thermal Energy Analyzer (TEA®)
		Fine, DH Director of research, New England Institute for Life Sciences, Waltham, MA
		criminalistics, EGDN, explosives, forensic science, gas chromatography, hand swabs, high performance liquid chromatography, NG, PETN, picogram detection, postblast residue, RDX, TEA® analyzer, Thermal Energy Analyzer (TEA (registered)), trinitrotoluene, vasodilators
		Author Fine DH, Yu WC, Goff EU, Bender EC, Reutter DJ Title Picogram Analyses of Explosive Residues Using the Thermal Energy Analyzer (TEA®) Symposium, Committee on
	www.astm.org /JOURNALS/FORENSIC/PAGES/486.htm (239 words)

	Amazon.com: Picogram: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		reasons the uncontrolled appearance of a few Becquerel, corresponding to picogram amounts or less of radionuclides, is considered to be radioactive...
		› See more references to Picogram in this book.
		Surprise me! See a random page in this book.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Picogram&tag=httpexplaguid-20&index=books&link_code=qs&page=1 (376 words)

	ARS : Robert D Wauchope
		(1)International IUPAC Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins;(2) Picogram (AGRO Division Abstracts).
		Shaw, D.G., Wauchope, R.D. A compendium of physical and chemical properties of selected pesticides: an international union of pure and applied chemistry project in progress.(1) International IUPAC Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins;(2) Picogram (AGRO Division Abstracts.
		(Abstract) American Chemical Society AGRO Division, Washington, D.C., Picogram 67:75 #138.
	www.ars.usda.gov /pandp/people/people.htm?personid=5945 (1580 words)

	Home-X->DET->DET Modes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Chromalytic Technology Pty Ltd : Australian Distributors "specialising in chromatofgraphy" - GC, HPLC and Fluid Transfer products; Instrumentation
		TID-1-NITROGEN: selective for some Nitro and Halogenated compounds at femtogram and picogram levels, most Oxygenates at picogram and nanogram levels with especially large responses for Phenols, Carboxylic Acids, and Glycols.
		TID-2-HYDROGEN/AIR (NPD): selective for N or P compounds at sub- picogram levels with minimal tailing of P peaks.
	www.chromtech.net.au /det_modes.cfm (258 words)

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