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	Pierre Bayle - LoveToKnow 1911
		PIERRE BAYLE (1647-1706), French philosopher and man of letters, was born on the 18th of November 1647, at le Carlale-Comte, near Pamiers (Ariege).
		In 1681 the university at Sedan was suppressed, but almost immediately afterwards Bayle was appointed professor of philosophy and history at Rotterdam.
		Bayle and die Nouvelles de la republique des lettres, Zurich, 1896) was the first thorough-going attempt to popularize literature, and it was eminently successful.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Pierre_Bayle (509 words)

	Pierre Bayle - Encyclopedia.com
		Bayle was renowned for his trenchant skeptical attacks against leading religious, metaphysical, and scientific theories of his day.
		Pierre Bayle's Reformation: Conscience and Criticism on the Eve of the Enlightenment.
		Pierre Bayle (1647-1706) was probably the first one to...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Bayle-Pi.html (1019 words)

	Pierre Bayle Essay
		Pierre Bayle expressed his views on Protestantism and religious tolerance in brief prose forms (letters, thoughts, dictionary entries) which convey the style and methods of an essayist.
		To this extent Bayle represents well the transitional period between the 17th and 18th centuries, between an acceptance, albeit critical, of contemporary political and ideological systems, and the more radical rejection of the status quo by writers of the Enlightenment.
		Bayle's thought reveals the fluid orthodox Calvinism prevalent during the reign of Louis XIV, which encompassed a variety of apparent contradictions (skepticism and faith, monarchy and dissent).
	www.custom-essay.net /essay-encyclopedia/Pierre-Bayle-Essay.htm (1275 words)

	Pierre Bayle (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		Bayle's position on toleration was found inimical to the Protestant cause by his erstwhile friend and colleague from Sedan, Pierre Jurieu, whom he had helped bring to the safety of Holland.
		Bayle, whose native Le Carla was the next village over from the site of the actual events, would have known about the case from the local retelling of it, which has been continuous from the fifteenth century to the present.
		Bayle seems not to have fully considered this case, but his best answer would seem to be that the conscientious persecutor should be restrained, but in a way that least poses a direct threat of temptation to conscience.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/bayle (7109 words)

	Pierre Bayle Biography and Summary
		Bayle, Pierre(1647–1706) Pierre Bayle, the most important and most influential skeptic of the late seventeenth century, was born in Carla (now Carla-Bayle), a French village near the Spanish frontier, where his father was the Protestant pastor.
		Pierre Bayle(November 18, 1647 – December 28, 1706) was a French philosopher, skeptic, and writer.
		Biography Pierre Bayle was born at Carla-le-Comte, near Pamiers(Ariège), and was educated by his father, a Calvinist minister, and at an academy...
	www.bookrags.com /Pierre_Bayle (214 words)

	Pierre Bayle
		Bayle's position on toleration was found inimical to the Protestant cause by his erstwhile friend and colleague from Sedan, Pierre Jurieu, whom he had helped bring to the safety of Holland.
		Bayle, whose native Le Carla was the next village over from the site of the actual events, would have known about the case from the local retelling of it, which has been continuous from the fifteenth century to the present.
		Bayle seems not to have fully considered this case, but his best answer would seem to be that the conscientious persecutor should be restrained, but in a way that least poses a direct threat of temptation to conscience.
	www.seop.leeds.ac.uk /archives/spr2003/entries/bayle (7100 words)

	Bayle
		Although born in France and educated at Toulouse and Geneva, Pierre Bayle spent most of his life in Holland, as the leading member of an active intellectual community at Rotterdam.
		Bayle's predominant theme was a profound skepticism about human knowledge, derived originally from his admiration of the ancient Pyrrhonists but applied strictly to the new science and philosophy of his own time.
		Bayle's treatment of such issues posed important challenges for the development of modern thought and were greatly influential on the philosophy of Hume.
	www.philosophypages.com /ph/bayl.htm (309 words)

	Bayle's Dictionnaire
		Call for contributions: the Pierre Bayle Collaborative Translation Project is a website providing open access to unabridged English translations of articles from Bayle's Dictionnaire.
		Pierre Bayle's Dictionnaire historique et critique stands as the supreme achievement of one of the seventeenth century's most prominent men of letters.
		The Bayle Dictionnaire has been called the "Arsenal of the Enlightenment", pillaged and re-edited throughout the eighteenth century by believers and sceptics alike who gathered ammunition for philosophical argument in the work's recondite notes.
	www.lib.uchicago.edu /efts/ARTFL/projects/dicos/BAYLE (1523 words)

	Pierre Bayle
		Born in 1647, the son of a protestant minister, Pierre Bayle wrote his first philosophical text as a student in the Jesuit college of Toulouse, a few months after his conversion to Catholicism (1669).
		Bayle was reported by Jurieu to the religious and political authorities of Rotterdam, who dismissed him from his charge at the Ecole illustre.
		Bayle's late years were devoted to a new edition of the Dictionnaire (1702) and to harsh controversies with theologians such as Jean Le Clerc, Isaac Jaquelot and Jaques Bernard.
	www.philosophyprofessor.com /philosophers/pierre-bayle.php (546 words)

	Pierre Bayle Stichting - More About Pierre Bayle
		Bayle was born on November 18, 1647, in the tiny village of Le Carla, in the south of France.
		Bayle's fame quickly lead to the most tragic moment in his life, for in June 1685, Bayle's older brother Jacob, with whom he had kept up an intensive correspondence, was arrested in France.
		Since Bayle was also known for his view that atheism did not necessarily lead to immorality - to his mind, a well ordered society of atheists was not impossible - serious questions were being raised as to the sincerity of his allegiance to Calvinism.
	www.pierrebayle.nl /nederlands/moreabout.html (1473 words)

	Bayle on the Rights of Conscience
		Pierre Bayle was born in 1647, son of a Calvinist minister.
		Bayle's notions of right and duty can be gathered from the way he relates these terms to one another and to certain others, namely "ought", "responsible", "culpable", "blameworthy" and "punishable".[18] If I have a duty to do something I have no right not to do it.
		Bayle denounces the tempter as a sharer in the guilt of the hypocrisy and acts against conscience which temptations cause.[173] But some distinctions need to be drawn.
	www.humanities.mq.edu.au /Ockham/wbay.html (8428 words)

	Pierre Bayle - Japan
		Pierre Bayle (November 18, 1647 – December 28, 1706) was a French philosopher and writer.
		Although Bayle's intent was to turn people against reason in matters of faith, he was so thorough in debunking the reasonableness and coherency of religion that his works subsequently influenced the development of the Enlightenment.
		Bayle's impartial presentation of these ideas was within a non-partisan framework of thoughtful consideration of both sides of any dispute.
	pierre-bayle.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Pierre_Bayle (1040 words)

	wais:france: pierre bayle december 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bayle's method was to present orthodox positions and then to use quotations, anecdotes, commentaries and clever annotations to slyly discredit them in favor of more tolerant views.
		Bayle was even-handed in his opposition to dogmatic thinking, rejecting opinions not only if he thought them overly emotional but also if they were solely intellectual.
		Bayle's dictionary was to become a favorite reference work of Voltaire, who called him "the greatest master of the art of reasoning." Certainly Bayle was rightly hailed for his dialectical skill, the accuracy of his work, and his encyclopedic knowledge.
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/ztopics/week1208-31-04/france_041230_pierrebayle.htm (501 words)

	Pierre Bayle's Reformation
		Pierre Bayle, (d.1706), author of the Critical and Historical Dictionary, was an important French philosopher, literary critic, and historian.
		Although Bayle is most often known as an advocate of universal religious toleration, in this book Tinsley emphasizes his contributions to the interpretation of the Reformation era.
		Bayle is shown to be a diligent historian who was eager to set the record straight.
	www.susqu.edu /su_press/Book%20Reviews/Peierre%20Bayle's%20Reformation.html (192 words)

	UsingEnglish.com (US): Pierre Bayle Products - Page 1
		Bayle: Political Writings (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought)
		~ By Bayle, Sally L. Jenkinson and Pierre Bayle
		Dictionnaire historique et critique de Pierre Bayle: Tome 2.
	www.usingenglish.com /amazon/us/author/pierre+bayle.html (140 words)

	FileRoom.org - Pierre Bayle, French writer, philosopher and theologian
		Description of Artwork: Bayle professed that religion and morality were separable, and that athiests could be as virtuous as Christians.
		He became a professor of philosophy and history at the University of Rotterdam in 1685, but was dismissed in 1693.
		Results of Incident: Bayle was allowed to publish a second edition of his book in Holland.
	www.thefileroom.org /documents/dyn/DisplayCase.cfm/id/817 (156 words)

	Pierre Bayle + The Biblical Flood
		It was on this date, November 18, 1647, that French writer and philosopher Pierre Bayle was born in Carla-le-Comte in the foothills of the Pyrenees, the son of a Protestant minister.
		Bayle was too prudent to criticism God and immortality directly, but his wittily deft criticisms made the Dictionaire a standard reference for Rationalists.
		Pierre Bayle died in Rotterdam on 28 December 1706.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /rants/1118b-almanac.htm (2097 words)

	Pierre Bayle: A Freethinker's Sprinboard
		As far back as three hundred years ago, Pierre Bayle (1647-1706), a scholar-philosopher, succeeded in doing what such a large proportion of the human population has as yet failed to do.
		Although eminent during his lifetime and for about eighty years thereafter, Pierre Bayle is now hardly familiar to the educated public.
		He had the hardihood, in the days of religious persecution, to maintain that the human being is too gross a slave to his passions for his conduct to be influenced by religion.
	www.banned-books.com /truth-seeker/1996archive/123_1/39_41pierre.html (1762 words)

	Reading Bayle by James C. Morrison (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The failure to understand Bayle arises in part, Lennon claims, from what he calls the `Leibnizian fallacy': the view that people are things with `fixed essences.' Applied to the problem of interpreting Bayle, this means that Bayle's writings are assumed to contain a consistent set of determinate and discoverable doctrines asserted and defended by Bayle.
		The problem with this, however, is that Bayle always writes about others; as a result, his `thesis seems to elude us.' Lennon proposes a radically different approach to understanding Bayle, one used by the Dostoevsky scholar Mikhail Bakhtin (1895-1975).
		Chapter 5 (`Idolatry') deals with Bayle's `dilemma' about idolatry: if the idolator knows that the God he worships is false he is not committing idolatry; but if he does not know this, he is not to be condemned.
	www.utpjournals.com /product/utq/701/bayle50.html (701 words)

	Pierre Bayle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For some years he worked under the name of Bèle as a tutor for various Parisian families, but in 1675 he was appointed to the chair of philosophy at the Protestant University of Sedan.
		In 1681 the university at Sedan was suppressed, but almost immediately afterwards Bayle was appointed professor of philosophy and history at the Ecole Illustre in I HEART YOURotterdam.
		In 1684 Bayle began the publication of his Nouvelles de la république des lettres, a journal of literary criticism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pierre_Bayle (559 words)

	Bayle, Pierre. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Trained as a philosopher and with a strong background in theology, Bayle supported Calvinism but was also an advocate of religious toleration, contending that morality was independent of religion.
		Bayle was renowned for his trenchant skeptical attacks against leading religious, metaphysical, and scientific theories of his day.
		He held that attempts to construct rational explanations of the world were bound to lead to absurd conclusions.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ba/Bayle-Pi.html (211 words)

	RARE BOOKS & SPECIAL COLLECTIONS
		Pierre Bayle (1647-1706) was one of the founding figures of the Enlightenment, but exceptional in making his contribution mainly through traditional humanist learning rather than the new sciences
		Bayle was also far more engaged in religious controversy than were the philosophes of the High Enlightenment, and was himself a sincere believer in Protestant
		Bayle was born in the south of France to a French Calvinist, or Huguenot, family.
	lib.haifa.ac.il /www/nedirim/bookmonth.html (992 words)

	philosopher pierre bayle - Books, journals, articles @ The Questia Online Library
		Pierre Bayle, in "Navarre," Dictionnaire...and closer to the political philosophers of...anticipated the second.
		Pierre Bayle in 1685 labeled the Arminians...1982); Walter Rex, Essays on Pierre Bayle and Religious Controversy (The Hague, 1965); Rex, "Pierre Bayle, Louis Tronchin et la querelle...
		Under the guidance of John Locke, Pierre Bayle, and others, a way of sheltering the secular powers...it." And finally he appeals to Aristotle, the pagan philosopher, who says that a statement is true "from the fact that...
	www.questia.com /search/philosopher-pierre-bayle (1113 words)

	Pierre Bayle (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Spring 2005 Edition)
		Jurieu, “the Theologian of Rotterdam,” soon became the bitterest enemy of Bayle, “the Philosopher of Rotterdam,” and the two engaged in long and caustic polemic that was neither positive nor productive in any sense.
		Bayle was at last able to give up teaching.
		Whatever his intentions, this impulse toward modern atheism was Bayle's greatest single influence.
	www.science.uva.nl /~seop/archives/spr2005/entries/bayle (7131 words)

	The Infidels - Pierre Bayle
		Pierre Bayle was a French philosopher, and writer.
		As an original thinker, he was not outstanding, but as a critic he was second to none in his own time, and even now the delicacy and the skill with which he handled his subject is notable.
		The Nouvelles de la république des lettres (see Louis P. Betz, P. Bayle und die Nouvelles de la république des lettres, Zürich, 1896) was the first thorough-going attempt to popularize literature, and it was eminently successful.
	www.theinfidels.org /zunb-bayle.htm (926 words)

	1720 Pierre Bayle Dictionary
		Pierre Bayle's Dictionnaire historique et critique stands as the supreme achievement of one of the seventeenth century's most prominent men of letters.
		The Bayle Dictionnaire has been called the "Arsenal of the Enlightenment", pillaged and re-edited throughout the eighteenth century by believers and sceptics alike who gathered ammunition for philosophical argument in the work's recondite notes.
		Lowndes I, 133, citing Johnson: "Bayle"s Dictionary is a very useful work for those to consult who love the biographical part of literature, which is what I love most.
	www.historygallery.com /books/1720bayle/1720BaylesDictionary.htm (515 words)

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