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	Pierre Louis Moreau De Maupertuis - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		PIERRE LOUIS MOREAU DE MAUPERTUIS (1698-1759), French mathematician and astronomer, was born at St Malo on the 17th of July 1698.
		In 1740 Maupertuis went to Berlin on the invitation of the king of Prussia, and took part in the battle of Mollwitz, where he was taken prisoner by the Austrians.
		Maupertuis was unquestionably a man of considerable ability as a mathematician, but his restless, gloomy disposition involved him in constant quarrels, of which his controversies with Konig and Voltaire during the latter part of his life furnish examples.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Pierre_Louis_Moreau_De_Maupertuis (305 words)

	Learn more about Pierre Louis Maupertuis in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (July 17, 1698 - July 27, 1759) was a French mathematician and astronomer.
		In 1736 he acted as chief of the expedition sent by King Louis XV to Lapland to measure the length of a degree of the meridian, and on his return home he became a member of almost all the scientific societies of Europe.
		Maupertuis' difficult disposition involved him in constant quarrels, of which his controversies with Samuel König and Voltaire during the latter part of his life are examples.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /p/pi/pierre_louis_maupertuis.html (424 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Pierre Louis Maupertuis
		Maupertuis was born at Saint-Malo, France to a moderately wealthy family of merchant-corsairs.
		Maupertuis, based on his exposition of Newton (with the help of his mentor Johan Bernoulli) predicted that the Earth should be oblate, while his rival Jacques Cassini measured it astronomically to be prolate.
		In 1736 Maupertuis acted as chief of the expedition sent by King Louis XV to Lapland to measure the length of a degree of the meridian.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Pierre_Louis_Moreau_de_Maupertuis (2165 words)

	Pierre Louis Maupertuis Summary
		Maupertuis also formulated the principle of least action (1745), which was widely influential in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century physical thinking and was later incorporated into quantum mechanics and the biological principle of homeostasis.
		In 1736, Maupertuis led a famous expedition to Lapland near the North Pole that proved Newton's theory that the earth is an oblate sphere (flattened at the poles).
		In 1736 Maupertuis acted as chief of the expedition sent by King Louis XV to Lapland to measure the length of a degree of the meridian; his results, which he published in a book detailing his procedures along with an adventure narrative of the expedition, essential settled the controversy in his favor.
	www.bookrags.com /Pierre_Louis_Maupertuis (3659 words)

	Maupertuis biography
		Maupertuis hoped that the principle might unify the laws of the universe and combined it with an attempted proof of the existence of God.
		Maupertuis was strongly defended by Euler but he used his position as director of the Academy to have it declare publicly that König had forged the quotation.
		This Maupertuis did in 1754 but then he was apparently flmailed by a girl who claimed that he was the father of her child.
	www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk /Biographies/Maupertuis.html (2388 words)

	Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis
		In 1736 he acted as chief of the expedition sent by Louis XV into Lapland to measure the length of a degree of the meridian, and on his return home he became a member of almost all the scientific societies of Europe.
		On his release he returned to Berlin, and from there to Paris, where he was elected director of the Academy of Sciences in 1742, and in the following year was admitted into the Academy.
		Maupertuis was unquestionably a man of considerable ability as a mathematician, but his restless, gloomy disposition involved him in constant quarrels, of which his controversies with König and Voltaire during the latter part of his life furnish examples.
	www.nndb.com /people/010/000095722 (297 words)

	Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Maupertuis was the most important among Emilie's scientific friends and it was he who introduced her to Clairaut, Koenig and Jean Bernoulli, who were also her tutors in higher mathematics.
		Letters to Maupertuis at the end of 1733 and the beginning of 1734 are full of requests that he would come and teach her something new.
		Maupertuis gained notoriety for his participation in verifying Newton's theory that the earth was flattened at the poles.
	www.visitvoltaire.com /e_maupertuis_large.htm (408 words)

	Charles Etienne Louis Camus - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		CHARLES ETIENNE LOUIS CAMUS (1699-1768), French mathematician and mechanician, was born at Crecy-en-Brie, near Meaux, on the 25th of August 1699.
		He studied mathematics, civil and military architecture, and astronomy, and became associate of the Academie des Sciences, professor of geometry, secretary to the Academy of Architecture and fellow of the Royal Society of London.
		In 1736 he accompanied Pierre Louis Maupertuis and Alexis Claude Clairaut in the expedition to Lapland for the measurement of a degree of the meridian.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Charles_Etienne_Louis_Camus (121 words)

	Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis
		Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (July 17, 1698 - July 27, 1759), French mathematician and astronomer, was born at Saint-Malo, France.
		In 1740 Maupertuis went to Berlin on the invitation of Frederick II of Prussia, and took part in the battle of Mollwitz[?], where he was taken prisoner by the Austrians.
		Finding his health declining, he repaired in 1757 to the south of France, but went in 1758 to Basel, where he died a year later.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pi/Pierre_Louis_Moreau_de_Maupertuis.html (336 words)

	Författare - Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) was a French astronomer and mathematician.
		In 1736 he was given a state grant to lead a meridian expedition up to the Torne Valley in order to determine whether Isaac Newton’s theory that the Earth was flattened at the poles was correct.
		Maupertuis was not only a keen scientist, he was also open to the beauties of the Nordic countryside.
	www.overtornea.se /kultur_fritid/ottar/engelska/maupertuiseng.htm (186 words)

	Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis - Wikipédia
		Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (7 juillet 1698, Saint-Malo — 27 juillet 1759) fut un mathématicien et astronome français.
		Maupertuis insiste sur un fait que nous appelons, aujourd’hui, mutation 488.
		Maupertuis était mathématicien et fin connaisseur des théories de Newton et de Leibniz, mais il avait compris que les théories physiques de Newton étaient insuffisantes pour expliquer les phénomènes biologiques.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pierre_Louis_Maupertuis (1425 words)

	Pierre Louis de Maupertuis
		Pierre Louis de Maupertuis was born 28 September 1698 in Saint Malo, France.
		Maupertuis was a popular socialite, who recited his own poems and accompanied himself and the guitar.
		Maupertuis reported that the length of one degree of meridian in Lapland was 57,437.9 (The toise was an old unit equal to 1.949 metres).
	eduwww.mikkeli.fi /opetus/myk/pv/comenius/maupertuis.htm (861 words)

	NOVA Online \| Cracking the Code of Life \| Understanding Heredity (c. 550 B.C. - 2001 A.D.)
		550 B.C. Pierre-Louis de Maupertuis studied the polydactylic hands of a single German family in which the trait had been passed for generations.
		De Maupertuis studied the occurrences of polydactyly (extra fingers) among several generations of one family and showed how this trait could be passed through both its male and female members.
		He even surmised that polydactyly was the result of a mutation in the "hereditary particles" of an individual and devised a mathematical means of predicting the occurrence of the trait in the family's future offspring.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/genome/her_dem.html (121 words)

	Principle of least action - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maupertuis felt that "Nature is thrifty in all its actions", and applied the principle broadly: "The laws of movement and of rest deduced from this principle being precisely the same as those observed in nature, we can admire the application of it to all phenomena.
		In application to physics, Maupertuis suggested that the quantity to be minimized was the product of the duration (time) of movement within a system by the "vis viva", twice what we now call the kinetic energy of the system.
		Maupertuis' priority was disputed in 1751 by the mathematician Samuel König, who claimed that it had been invented by Gottfried Leibniz in 1707.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Principle_of_least_action (1422 words)

	No. 2101 Maupertuis
		Maupertuis was brilliant, social, combative, and he ran with all the major early 18th century thinkers.
		Maupertuis was fascinated with one of Newton's ideas in particular, that Earth is not a perfect sphere but slightly flattened at its poles.
		Maupertuis had even used an early version to explain refraction by showing that light finds its most rapid path.
	www.uh.edu /engines/epi2101.htm (594 words)

	Pierre Louis Maupertuis - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (7 de julio de 1698, Saint-Malo — 27 de julio de 1759) Filósofo, matemático y astrónomo francés.
		Maupertuis trata de explicar los fenómenos genéticos a partir de una teoría de atracción físico-química.
		Según Maupertuis, las primeras formas de vida aparecieron por generación espontánea a partir de combinaciones azarosas de materias inertes, moléculas o gérmenes.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pierre_Louis_Maupertuis (352 words)

	Physics Documentation: Maupertuis
		In 1756, seriously ill, Maupertuis returned first to France but then joined his friend Johannes II Bernoulli in Basel where he died in 1759.
		Along with Voltaire, Maupertuis was a supported of Newton's theory of gravitation which he had come to know while visiting London in 1728, and fought against Descartes' ether whirls.
		Of decisive importance for the development of mechanics washis principle of least action, formulated in 1747, although his own formulation was still somewhat vague (the principle was formulated in precise form by Euler and Lagrange).
	mit.fnal.gov /~paus/phys/pierre-louis-moreau-de-maupertuis.html (187 words)

	The personal gallery - The degree measurements by de Maupertuis
		Maupertuis was born in Saint-Malo in Brittany on the 17th of July 1698.
		On the recommendation from Voltaire de Maupertuis moved into Berlin in 1744 and was made President of the Science Academy two years later.
		Academic Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis, nominated by the Royal French Academy of Sciences to be the leader of the expedition of the degree measurements in Lapland
	www4.rovaniemi.fi /lapinkavijat/maupertuis/maupertuis_eng.html (196 words)

	Pierre Louis Moreau ( - ) Artwork Images, Exhibitions, Reviews
		Louis Gabriel Moreau the Elder, Landscape Caprice, 1761
		Louis Pierre Henriquel-Dupont, Portrait of Henri de Bourbon, 1845
		Pierre Louis Dagoty, Compote (one of two - 1945.411-412) with blue and gold rim, circa 1812
	wwar.com /masters/m/moreau-pierre_louis.html (866 words)

	PIERRE LOUIS MOREAU DE... - Article en ligne de l'information environ PIERRE LOUIS MOREAU DE...
		LOUIS, ou LEWIS (du Chlodowich franque, Chlodwig, Latinized comme Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, d'où-dans le serment de Strassburg de 842-0.
		Louis XV en la Laponie pour mesurer la longueur d'un degré du méridien (voyez la See also:
		Maupertuis était incontestablement un m,n de capacités considérables en tant que mathématicien, mais son disposition agitée avec et sombre l'a fait participer dans les querelles constantes, desquelles ses polémiques See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /fr/MAR_MEC/MAUPERTUIS_PIERRE_LOUIS_MOREAU_.html (769 words)

	PIERRE LOUIS MOREAU DE... - Online Information article about PIERRE LOUIS MOREAU DE...
		LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0.
		Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span.
		Maupertuis was unquestionably a m,n of consider-able ability as a mathematician, but his restless, gloomy disposition involved him in See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MAR_MEC/MAUPERTUIS_PIERRE_LOUIS_MOREAU_.html (617 words)

	Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		After 2 years of study at the Collège de la Marche in Paris, he had a short stay in the Netherlands, before he joined the military and became a Lieutenance at the Musketiers in Lille in 1719.
		In 1728 he travelled to London and was made a member of the Royal Academy, and in 1729, travelled to Basel to study mechanics and differential calculus with Johann Bernoulli (I).
		In his treatise of the figures of the celestial bodies (Maupertuis 1734), he included a translation to French of Derham's catalog of "Nebulae."
	www.obspm.fr /messier/xtra/Bios/maupertuis.html (356 words)

	AllRefer.com - Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (Mathematics, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		AllRefer.com - Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (Mathematics, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis[pyer lwE mOrO´ du mOpertUE´] Pronunciation Key, 1698–1759, French mathematician and astronomer.
		For his skillful support of Newton's theory he was admitted to the Royal Society of London in 1728.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/M/Maupertu.html (266 words)

	Clairaut
		He there joined a small group, led by Pierre Louis Maupertuis, who supported the natural philosophy of Newton.
		In 1736 and 1737 he took part in a Lapland expedition led by Maupertuis.
		This was organised by the Paris Academy of Sciences to verify Newton's theoretical proof that the Earth is an oblate spheroid.
	members.tripod.com /sfabel/mathematik/database/Clairaut.html (296 words)

	CIRL - Pioneers in Electricity and Magnetism: Anders Celsius
		While in Paris, he became acquainted the astronomer Pierre Louis de Maupertuis.
		The French astronomer supported Sir Isaac Newton’s theory that the shape of the Earth swelled near the equator and was somewhat flattened near the poles; at the time most of the scientific community abided by an alternative view proposed by René Descartes.
		Maupertuis decided to lead an expedition that would definitively settle the dispute.
	education.magnet.fsu.edu /education/tutorials/pioneers/celsius.html (647 words)

	Pierre Louis Dagoty ( - ) Artwork Images, Exhibitions, Reviews
		Pierre Gabriel Berthault, Napoleanic War Series I: Statue de Louis XIV Abatue, Place des Victorie, 18th - 19th century
		Pierre Gabriel Berthault, Napoleanic War Series I: Arrestation de Louis Seize a Varennes, 1791, 18th - 19th century
		Pierre Louis Dubus (1721-1799), Called Préville, of the Comédie-Française Attributed to Jean Baptiste Massé (French,
	wwar.com /masters/d/dagoty-pierre_louis.html (512 words)

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