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	Pierre Macherey
		Macherey argues that the term "criticism" itself is ambiguous: it suggests (1) a negative judgment, a rejection of the work, a condemnation (dénonciation) and (ii) "the positive knowledge (connaissance) of limits, i.e.
		Macherey argues that this criticism regards the work as always preceded by its own ideal model to which it must be referred back — and this model may be construed as the work’s truth — its model and its end.
		Macherey now draws our attention to a danger which much of his previous argument (particularly the previous section) invites: that is that in its perpetual movement of difference — its perpetual discarding — the work is in danger of becoming a purely factitious reality, a pure illusion.
	courses.essex.ac.uk /lt/lt204/MACHEREY.HTM (5976 words)

	Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		It seems to me that the objections presented by Pierre Macherey, with the elegance of a master and the sincerity of a friend, are three in number: each of which, naturally, entails certain complications, as much in terms of questions as answers.
		Macherey does not reiterate the reproaches made by others about the concept of the multitude, namely that the multitude does not provide permanent criteria for determining what are (in anti-global jargon) the effectively progressive and emancipatory oppositional movements.
		Macherey has a certain antipathy for the biopolitical: it seems to him, not without reason, that the biopolitical can be reduced to a sort of vitalist night in which all cats appear gray.
	info.interactivist.net /print.pl?sid=06/02/15/1649235 (1845 words)

	Pierre Macherey
		Macherey was in favour of reading literature as Althusser and his group read Marx (Dosse). Philosophy is a form of practice, theoretical practice as understood by the Reading Capital circle (see Philosophy as Operation in ed.
		It is important to dispel the charges of ‘structuralism’ levied against Macherey and Althusser, and as Montag points out, of that circle, Macherey was one of the first to develop the critique of structuralist thinking (p.
		This restatement of the importance of the surface was due to Macherey’s distrust of the idea of a ‘structured whole (letter to Louis Althusser, 10 May 1965).
	www.generation-online.org /p/pmacherey.htm (544 words)

	Literary Studies
		Although Macherey argues that the silences are a prior condition of the text, in that without absences the text itself would not exist, the reader must first examine what is given, the explicit ideas and arguments presented, in order to spot the gaps and silences.
		By applying Macherey's theory, we can see that Kipling has, by use of narrative technique, managed to 'hide' his message, although on an unconscious level the gaps in the text point to an historical reality which is inescapable.
		Macherey's argument that the silence comes first, and the text is born from the silence can be seen at work here.
	www2.plymouth.ac.uk /gateway_to_study/essaywriting/litera-2.htm (1925 words)

	Pierre Macherey Biography \| Dictionary of Literary Biography
		Pierre Macherey is professor emeritus in the Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de philosophie, the faculty of philosophy at the Université Charles de Gaulle, Lille III, where he specializes in aesthetics and the history of philosophy.
		These questions are those of Spinozism, of the relations of literature and philosophy, and of the history of philosophy in France." Macherey's later philosophical explorations, not least his extensive engagement with the philosopher Baruch Spinoza and with the history of philosophy in France, have been all but ignored in the Anglophone world.
		Each Biography is written by a biographical expert or professional educator and is a complete resource on the individual.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/pierre-macherey-dlb (184 words)

	Holland: "Spinoza and Marx"
		Pierre Macherey has staged a direct confrontation between Spinoza and Hegel, stressing the degree to which the former eludes the grasp of the latter's history of philosophy, and therefore represents an important alternative to Hegelian views.
		In his short preface, Macherey is content to emphasize and praise the way Negri brings the thought of Spinoza "back to life" in connection with current political concerns, reserving for the very end a brief but pointed question regarding whether Negri's reading might still be too teleological.
		For Macherey, one of the tasks remaining for Marxist philosophy is to develop a concept of historical contradiction free from dialectical negativity (which inevitably entails subjectivity and idealism).
	clogic.eserver.org /2-1/holland.html (5120 words)

	In A Materialist Way: Selected Essays Summary
		This first collection of his philosophical writings to be published in English discloses the full range of Macherey''s interventions, testifying to his signal status as one of France''s leading philosophers.
		In a Materialst Way ranges over Macherey''s writings on philosophy and theory, critiques of the work of major figures in contemporary French thought such as Lacan, Foucoult and Canguilhem, and analyses of the work of Spinoza.
		It reveals to English-speaking audiences what has long been common knowlege in France: that Pierre Macherey is among the most fertile, imaginative and subtle of contemporary philosophers.
	www.shvoong.com /f/books/61312-materialist-way-selected-essays (152 words)

	Forgacs
		For Macherey, what is happening here is that one of the aspects of the old Robinson Crusoe theme that Verne had started by leaving out (the wreck full of socially produced goods) is brought back (the chest supplied by Nemo).
		Macherey's theory of reading literature is a challenging one which goes against many other ideas of what criticism is or should be concerned with doing.
		But Macherey's view of writing as production, when combined with his view that writing is necessarily a partial or incoherent rendering of reality, makes it meaningless for a critic to approach a text in this way.
	social.chass.ncsu.edu /wyrick/debclass/forg.htm (2968 words)

	sublimethinking: Pierre Macherey, underappreciated Althusserian Starlet
		This excerpt is from Pierre Macherey's The Object of Literature
		Macherey unpacks the hermeneutic approach to literature and philosophy here; that is, he is deconstructing the idea that literature is chock full of latent universalizeable ideas waiting to be discovered.
		For Macherey it is all art, it is all philosophy, these funny little academic divisions are basically moot points.
	community.livejournal.com /sublimethinking/49903.html (416 words)

	Pierre Macherey - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A former student of Louis Althusser and collaborator on the influential volume Reading "Capital", Macherey is a central figure in the development of French post-structuralism and Marxism.
		His work is influential in literary theory and Continental philosophy in Europe (including Britain) though it is generally little read in the United States.
		Only a partial selection of Macherey's work has been translated into English.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pierre_Macherey (124 words)

	Althusser and the renewal of Marxist social theory / (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Macherey and Eagleton: Literary Discourse as Ideological Practice.
		Macherey: Scientific Criticism and the Question of the Text.
		Macherey: Scientific Criticism Versus a History of Aesthetics.
	ark.cdlib.org:8085 /data/mets/x3/ft3n39n8x3.mets.xml (531 words)

	Jules Verne and French Literary Criticism
		Pierre Versins, the indefatigable Swiss student of SF and utopia has clearly demonstrated that all of Verne’s inventions—travel to the moon, submarine ships, artificial satellites, live fossils, super explosives, serial vehicles—had been described in previous utopian romances.
		Pierre Macherey has made an interesting but questionable contribution to the Marxist interpretation of Verne in Pour une théorie de la production littéraire (Paris 1966), which contains both a chapter on Verne and one on Defoe as Verne’s “thematic ancestor”.
		Chesneaux does not deny the importance of Verne’s interests in science and technology, or in theoretical, somewhat whimsical speculations, but he argues that these interests are subordinated to a “comprehensive political analysis of man’s relation to nature”.
	jv.gilead.org.il /sfs/angenot.art.html (1747 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Pierre Macherey
		Although sometimes simply remembered for his literary take on Althusserian Marxism, Pierre Macherey is perhaps better understood as a significant figure in the early development of poststructuralism.
		The book proposes nothing less than a new way of reading, which, for Macherey, is not about the reproduction of a meaning that already exists and merely lies waiting to be discovered by the critic.
		This gap means that “between the writer and the critic, an irreducible difference must be posited right from the beginning: not the difference between two points of view on the same object, but the exclusion separating two forms of discourse that have nothing in common.
	www.litencyc.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=2851 (670 words)

	Between Althusserian Science and Foucauldian Materialism: The Later Work of Pierre Macherey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In early work, Macherey defends the Althusserian belief that scientific Marxism opposes Stalinist and humanist theory and that literature, situated between science and ideology, shows but does not tell the truth.
		In later work, Macherey repudiates the Althusserian opposition of science and ideology as well as the disciplinary divisions of literature and philosophy.
		Inspired by Michel Foucault's archeological studies, he shows that theory is always situated in a practical context in which it reveals the antagonisms of and takes a position on the contrary views forming the context.
	www.nd.edu /~remarx/rm/contents/v16/i3/p0327.html (135 words)

	English 495: Marxist Cultural Theory
		An important strength of discourse theory is that enables one to treat literary discourse as merely one of a complex ensemble of discourses in a particular social formation.
		Though this aestheticist privileging of the "literary" dies hard, other theorists--notably Terry Eagleton and Etienne Balibar and Pierre Macherey--have questioned the acceptance of aesthetic value as a proper concern of Marxist criticism.
		As Balibar and Macherey state most simply, "literariness is what is recognized as such" (Balibar and Macherey 82).
	www.english.ilstu.edu /strickland/495/ideology.html (4663 words)

	Réponse à Pierre Macherey
		This article allows Toni Negri to respond to three objections proposed by Pierre Macherey to the notion of “multitude”, as it is sketched in Negri & Hardt’s second book.
		Le 19 novembre 2004 Pierre Macherey, dans le cadre des manifestations de Citéphilo au Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille, a exposé une longue analyse critique du livre de Michael Hardt et d’Antonio Negri, Multitude, guerre et démocratie à l’âge de l’Empire.
		Macherey a une certaine antipathie pour la biopolitique : il lui semble, non sans raison, que celle-ci peut se réduire à une espèce de nuit vitaliste dans laquelle tous les chats sont gris.
	multitudes.samizdat.net /Reponse-a-Pierre-Macherey.html (2633 words)

	The Object of Literature - Cambridge University Press
		This new book by Pierre Macherey is his first dealing with literature and theory since his seminal A Theory of Literary Production.
		Continuing the project of Althusserian theory, Macherey engages in a series of close exegeses of classical texts in French literature and philosophy, from the late eighteenth century down to the 1970s, that explore the historically variable but thematically similar ways in which literary texts represent philosophical ideas.
		Rejecting the simple notion that literature deploys philosophical topoi in an unmediated manner, Macherey shows the conceptual sophistication - and broad intellectual influence - that literary art has displayed in the modern period.
	www.cambridge.org /aus/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=052147678X (201 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 2005025822 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Originally published in French in 1966, Pierre Macherey's first and most famous work, A Theory of Literary Production dared to challenge perceived wisdom, and quickly established him as a pivotal figure in literary theory.
		In this provocative work, Macherey puts the focus as much on the reader as the writer, stating that the very act of reading is a form of production in its own right, generating interpretation and meanings which are beyond the control of the author.
		Part of the birth of a whole new branch of post-structuralist theory, Macherey's work also influenced a new generation of critics among them Jacques Derrida, his contemporary, and Terry Eagleton.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/enhancements/fy0654/2005025822-d.html (299 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		From the UK, John Heelan comments "and, according to Pierre Macherey, the silences where they should have said something; the very silence itself conveying a message, intended or not".
		RH: On Macherey and hs "seminal" book, see Pierre Macherey: Pour une théorie de la production littéraire (Paris, Maspero, 1966); Pierre Macherey, A Theory of Literary Production (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978).
		Geoffrey Nunberg of Stanford's Center for the Study of Language and Information is the author of a new book Going Nucular, which needless to say is a reference to the `pronunciation used by President Bush, deliberately according to Nunberg, who follows the example set by George Orwell in "Politics and the English Language" (1950).
	www.stanford.edu /group/wais/WAIS/CurrentWork/geoffreychaucer.htm (939 words)

	Pierre Macherey I
		Pierre Macherey II "Sur la littérature comme forme idéologique" (Sommaire 1974)
		(Macherey can be quite daunting for the beginner.
		There is a very brief and pleasantly informal "A Letter on Art" in his Lenin and Philosophy (N.L.B. 1971) by Louis Althusser which is a kind of digest of Macherey's approach and which might well serve for class discussion.)
	courses.essex.ac.uk /lt/lt204/lecnotes2.htm (936 words)

	Wikinfo \| Louis Althusser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The project was approximately analogous, within Marxism, to the contemporary psychoanalytic return to Freud undertaken by Jacques Lacan, with which Althusser was also involved.
		His essay "Marxism and Humanism" is a strong statement of anti-humanism in Marxist theory, condemning ideas like "human potential" and "species-being," which are often put forth by Marxists, as outgrowths of a bourgeois ideology of "humanity."
		Several of Althusser's students became eminent intellectuals in the 1980s and 1990s: Etienne Balibar in philosophy, Jacques Ranciere in history and the philosophy of history, and Pierre Macherey in literary criticism.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Althusser (605 words)

	Amittai F. Aviram : Lyric Poetry and Subjectivity
		The notion of "lyric subjectivity" is crucial to Theodor Adorno's account of the power and attractiveness of lyric in his essay, "On Lyric Poetry and Society," and the simultaneous "reflection" and "production" of subjectivity—i.e., bourgeois subjectivity—is the primary function of literature in general according to Marxist critics Pierre Macherey and Étienne Balibar.
		In this essay, however, I shall argue against the idea of "lyric subjectivity" as a useful concept, especially in its Marxist version, and shall urge, instead, a concept of lyric that maintains an allusive connection to its etymological origins in song.
		For Pierre Macherey and Étienne Balibar, for instance, the reader's identification with the hero is the means whereby he or she colludes with the text's ideological scheme and subjects himself or herself to the ideologically-loaded identity (or subjectivity) that the mode of production—specifically, bourgeois capitalism—must needs assign to him or her.
	www.amittai.com /prose/lyric.php (8129 words)

	Ghostly Demarcations
		The volume features sympathetic meditations on the relationship between Marxism and deconstruction by Fredric Jameson, Werner Hamacher, Antonio Negri, Warren Montag, and Rastko Möcnik, brief polemical reviews by Terry Eagleton and Pierre Macherey, and sustained political critiques by Tom Lewis and Aijaz Ahmad.
		The volume concludes with Derrida's reply to his critics in which he sharpens his views about the vexed relationship between Marxism and deconstruction.
		Fredric Jameson, Antonio Negri, Terry Eagleton, Pierre Macherey and others engage in a debate on Marx with Jacques Derrida.
	www.versobooks.com /books/nopqrs/s-titles/sprinker_demarcations.shtml (253 words)

	A theory of literary production by Pierre MacHerey \| LibraryThing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		A theory of literary production by Pierre MacHerey
		Recommendations for this book are not built yet.
		The Object of Literature (Literature, Culture, Theory) by Pierre Macherey (Amazon
	www.librarything.com /work/422947 (262 words)

	Macherey,Pierre Books - Signed, used, new, out-of-print
		Originally published in French in 1966, Pierre Macherey's first and most...
		In a Materialist Way: Selected Essays by Pierre Macherey
		Best known for his work in literary criticism, Pierre Macherey has, over the past two decades, produced a series of original philosophical works.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/author/Macherey,Pierre (247 words)

	New Page 1
		“Macherey and the Becoming-Real of Philosophy,” Minnesota Review, N.S. “1968 and Democracy from Below,” Against the Current, III, 4, 1988
		Pierre Macherey, “On the Rupture,” Minnesota Review, N.S. Etienne Balibar, “Spinoza, the Anti-Orwell: The Fear of the Masses,” Rethinking
		Pierre Macherey, “Marx Dematerialized, or the Spirit of Derrida,” Rethinking
	e-courses.cerritos.edu /tstolze/C.V..htm (690 words)

	The Object of Literature (Literature, Culture, Theory) by Pierre Macherey [ISBN: 0521419557] - Find Cheap Textbook ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Object of Literature (Literature, Culture, Theory) by Pierre Macherey [ISBN: 0521419557] - Find Cheap Textbook Prices & Save BIG
		At once a theoretical meditation of great originality and a historical work of scrupulous scholarship, this new book by Pierre Macherey is his first dealing with literature and theory since his seminal A Theory of Literary Production.
		Throughout the book, Macherey shows the conceptual sophistication--and broad intellectual influence--that literary art has displayed in the modern period.
	www.gettextbooks.com /isbn_0521419557.html (123 words)

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