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	Piers Plowman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Piers Plowman is considered to be the biggest challenge in Middle English textual criticism, on par with the Greek New Testament.
		Since Piers was conflated with the author and dreamer-narrator of the poem at an early date, "Piers Plowman" or a Latin equivalent is often given as the name of the author, which indicates complete unfamiliarity with--or else silent incredulity toward--Crowley's preface.
		The Plowman's Tale was printed more and over a longer period of time than Piers Plowman; it was also printed as a Chaucerian text and included in many editions of Chaucer and mentioned as a familiar text in Foxe's Book of Martyrs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Piers_Plowman (3931 words)

	William Langland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		William Langland is the conjectured author of the 14th-century English dream-vision Piers Plowman.
		The C-text of Piers contains a passage in which Will describes himself as a 'loller' living in the Cornhill area of London (perhaps a reference to Lollardy), and refers directly to his wife and child: it also suggests that he was well above average height, and made a living reciting prayers for the dead.
		The distinction between allegory and 'real-life' in Piers is by no means absolute, and the entire passage, as Wendy Scase observes, is suspiciously reminiscent of the 'false confession' tradition in medieval literature (represented elsewhere by the Confessio Goliae and by Fals-Semblaunt in Jean de Meun's Roman de la Rose).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/William_Langland (924 words)

	The Dichotomy in the Piers Plowman Character: Langland's Intent versus Rebel Symbol
		This dichotomy in the Piers character and the processes that led to the split between Langland's intent in the poem and the rebels' understanding of it merit close examination.
		Piers responds by appealing to his friend, a knight, and begging him "to keep his promise, and protect him from these damned villains, the wolves who rob the world of food" (85).
		They focused on the fact that Piers, a plowman and a peasant, thus one of their own, was the "good guy" in the story and the aristocracy and their officials were "bad guys.
	www.chss.montclair.edu /english/furr/sukonpp.html (3127 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - Piers Plowman
		The 14th-century poem The Vision of William Concerning Piers the Plowman (1360?-1400?), better known as Piers Plowman, is generally attributed to William Langland.
		A religious allegory, the work is written as a dream vision, a popular medieval form in which a story is presented as if the author had dreamed it.
		Piers Plowman is also a famous example of alliterative verse.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461566829_761558048_-1_1/Piers_Plowman.html (94 words)

	History of LITERATURE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Piers Plowman and Sir Gawain are masterpieces which look back to Old English.
		Piers the ploughman is one of a group of characters searching for Christian truth in the complex setting of a dream.
		Where Piers Plowman is tough and gritty, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (dating from the same period) is more polished in its manner and more courtly in its content.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?groupid=2183&HistoryID=ac01 (1435 words)

	Langland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Piers Plowman: The Prologue and Passus I-VII of the B text as found in Bodleian MS.
		Piers Plowman by William Langland: An Edition of the C-text.
		Piers Plowman and the Scheme of Salvation: An Interpretation of Dowel, Dobet and Dobest.
	www.unc.edu /~jwittig/51/51bib/langland.htm (190 words)

	Piers Research Report
		Everywhere in the manuscripts of Piers Plowman is plentiful evidence that its scribes took an unusual degree of interest in this text which served a variety of functions for a variety of factions.
		In the early parts of Piers the genetic affiliations of G are obscure, but it seems most closely related in its later sections to MS Y; and both of these have closer affinities with the O/C2 subset than with the other four members of the larger group.
		In the particular case of Piers Plowman, it can often be shown that small, archetypal variations among the three versions of the poem, variations that Kane's narrowly philological eclecticism tends to screen out as scribal, correspond to subtle pressures emanating from macro-linguistic or paralinguistic sources and which are, therefore, quite likely to be authorial.
	jefferson.village.virginia.edu /piers/report94.html (9500 words)

	[No title]
		Piers, a mediator between Christ and the Dreamer, is, like Christ, never young; unlike Christ he experiences old age, partaking fully of "doomed-to-die humankind, just as the Dreamer does." But Piers is not menaced by elde or hindered from carrying out the fruitful actions associated with manhood.
		Piers and his family enter the poem manifesting a reduction of the God-man relationship to a system of contractual obligations, a religious system of "mesurable hire." Piers's reaction to the pardon shows he realizes that the "ideal social order" of the court is at variance with God's order.
		"Piers Plowman and the Liturgy of St. Lawrence: Composition and Revision in Langland's Poetry." SP 84 (1987): 245-71.
	www.yls.cornell.edu /bib87.html (7809 words)

	Piers the Plowman's Crede: Introduction
		As in the C version of Piers Plowman, which includes Will's domestic circumstances in Corn Hill with his wife Kit (passus 6), Piers in PPC is characterized as a ragged plowman who toils with his wife, while nearby sit a "litell childe lapped in cloutes'' (438) and a pair of two-year-olds.
		Piers, however, speaks approvingly of the founders of the fraternal orders, Francis and Dominic, but he censures their followers as evil.
		Quotations from Piers Plowman B-text are from the edition of George Kane and E. Talbot Donaldson (London: Athlone, 1975); quotations from the C-text are from the edition of Derek Pearsall (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978).
	www.lib.rochester.edu /camelot/teams/credeint.htm (1858 words)

	Poetics - Volume 9, Issue 5
		Though the narrator is the dominant eye and bearer of the visions, the contrasting character, Piers Plowman, plays mysteriously throughout as the goal, the one pursued in the visions.
		Piers Plowman himself is a sort of holy, earthy combination of Vergil and Beatrice, though never strictly a guide, more a savior sought.
		Piers begins as a quiet, unassuming farmer who knows the way to Truth, yet he becomes far more complex as the visions progress, until we see him as one identified with Christ's human nature--regenerate, mature humanity moving through history amidst papal corruptions, clerical hypocrisy, political intrigue, and peasant vices.
	www.credenda.org /issues/9-5poetics.php (851 words)

	The Vision of Piers Plowman
		Piers Plowman appears, and briefly explains the way to the Tower where Truth dwells.
		Grace appoints Piers Plowman his own procurator and reeve, his registrar to receive that which is owed (i.e., restitution), his purveyor and plowman.
		In spite of Conscience’s scruples—the parish priests as supervised by Piers Plowman are sufficient to shrive everyone—Flattery is summoned.
	virgil.org /dswo/courses/medieval-visions/pp-outline.htm (3877 words)

	C. David Benson: Public Piers Plowman
		According to C. David Benson, this is because the tendency of modern criticism has been to read Piers as an autobiography mired in the singular intellectual obsessions of its author or as a recondite exploration of theological and political issues.
		Although Piers is usually compared with high art and thought, such as that of Chaucer or scholasticism, Benson approaches it from a broader public context, using representative examples from vernacular writing, parish art, and civic practices.
		He argues that Piers reached a wide contemporary audience because, far from being an expression of the author's own life and opinions, it was securely rooted in the common culture of its time and place.
	www.psupress.org /books/titles/0-271-02315-5.html (485 words)

	Langland's Piers Plowman and the Hermit Ideal - Articles - House of Lore - Hermitary
		Piers Plowman, the late 14th-century medieval allegory composed by William Langland, proposes a look at the world and society through the eyes of a clear-sighted observer, scrupulously honest, a genuine seeker much like the sage or the fool of myth.
		Piers Plowman is a character in the story, not an abstraction like the virtues.
		In subsequent chapters, the journey is preoccupied with defining the role of faith and hope, of the life of Christ, and the founding of the Church, where Piers is identified with St. Peter and the plowing of the fields of the world.
	www.hermitary.com /lore/langland.html (2926 words)

	§35. "The Scotish Feilde". I. “Piers the Plowman” and its Sequence. Vol. 2. The End of the Middle Ages. ...
		That the author of this poem, spirited chronicle though it be, was capable of the excellences of Death and Liffe, is hard to believe; the resemblances between the poems seem entirely superficial and due to the fact that they had a common model.
		The influence of Piers the Plowman lasted, as we have seen, well into the sixteenth century; indeed, interest in both the poem and its central figure was greatly quickened by the supposed relations between it and Wyclifism.
		The name or the figure of the Ploughman appears in innumerable poems and prose writings, and allusions of all sorts are very common.
	www.bartleby.com /212/0135.html (332 words)

	A Companion to Piers Plowman
		Piers Plowman','1990', 'Alford, John A., editor', '0520060075', 'The Regents of the University of California', 'n', 'a', 'pe', 'w');" value="Rightlinks">
		This book is an essential starting point for an examination of Piers, whatever facet of the poem one wishes to look at, and is an excellent introduction to late 14th-century literature.
		A Companion to Piers Plowman is the first comprehensive guide to William Langland's fourteenth-century masterpiece.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/2186.html (188 words)

	The Digital Mirror - Treasures - Piers Plowman NLW MS 733B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Piers the Plowman first appears in the second vision, as a pilgrim leading others on the road to salvation, but later becomes a Christ-like figure himself.
		Lawrence Warner, 'The Ur-B Piers Plowman and the earliest production of C and B', The Yearbook of Langland Studies, 16 (2002), 3-39.
		A new electronic edition of the manuscript is in preparation and will be published as part of the Piers Plowman Electronic Archive (http://www.iath.virginia.edu/seenet/piers/).
	www.llgc.org.uk /drych/drych_s087.htm (478 words)

	William Langland: The "Piers Plowman" Electronic Archive, Vol. 2, University of Michigan Press
		Testimony of the poem's popularity manifests itself in the fifty-six surviving medieval copies of the manuscript, none of which is signed by Langland and each of which introduces its own set of uncertainties.
		The "Piers Plowman" Electronic Archive, a collaborative effort devoted to publishing all the relevant medieval and renaissance witnesses to Langland's influential work, will enable scholars to conduct complex searches and comparisons of the various surviving manuscripts in order to trace the introduction of inauthenticities.
		This second volume of Th "Piers Plowman" Electronic Archive is dedicated to Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17, one of the earliest and one of the most handsome of the manuscripts of the B-Version of Piers Plowman, prized for its centrality to the editorial tradition of the B-Version.
	www.press.umich.edu /titleDetailDesc.do?id=6466 (288 words)

	William Langland's "The Vision Concerning Piers Plowman" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		His famous Vision Concerning Piers Plowman exhibits a moral earnestness and energy which is brightened by his vivid glimpses of the lives of the poorest classes of 14th century England.
		Piers Plowman is an allegorical moral and social satire, written as a "vision" of the common medieval type.
		Piers (Peter), a simple Plowman, appears and says that because of his common sense and clean conscience he knows the way and will show them if they help him plow his half acre.
	www.historyguide.org /ancient/langland.html (2220 words)

	Luminarium Book Store: William Langland/Piers Plowman
		Piers Plowman : A New Translation of the B-Text
		poem, Piers Plowman as an expression of a crisis
		The Manuscripts of Piers Plowman : The B-Version
	www.luminarium.com /medlit/wlbook.htm (718 words)

	Chaucer's General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales study questions
		Piers Plowman = Christ; Gloriana in The Faerie Queene = Queen Elizabeth) or a category of individual (a Rosebud = a beloved Lady in the Romance of the Rose).
		Recall that Piers Plowman was written in alliterative verse; William Langland is the other master poet of the Alliterative Revival besides the Pearl Poet, author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
		Piers Plowman is a dream vision like The Dream of the Rood.
	cla.calpoly.edu /~dschwart/engl203/gp203.html (3304 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In the course of discussing the sublime and Piers Plowman criticism, then, I will make particular reference to the last three passus of the poem in the B-text, in which the narrator, Will, has what many scholars have called a sublime vision of Christ's victory in the Crucifixion and the Harrowing of Hell.
		Even with the application of "figura"17 in Piers Plowman studies, with its structural implications for a longer narrative, the problem remains.
		He alludes approvingly to Bloomfield on how for at least the last two passus, reading Piers Plowman is like "reading a commentary on an unknown text"; and his application (in 1978) of Stanley Fish's term "`dialectical'" to Langland's apparent trapping of the reader into new awareness qualifies the self-aggrandizing impulse of the conventional sublime.
	www.english.ufl.edu /exemplaria/evans.htm (2998 words)

	Piers Plowman on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Grace abounding: justification in Passau 16 of 'Piers Plowman.' (William, Langland)
		Figuring subjectivity in 'Piers Plowman C' and 'The Parson's Tale' and 'Retraction': authorial insertion and identity poetics.
		Will's visions of Piers Plowman, do-well, do-better, and do-best; a glossary of the English vocabulary of the A, B, and C versions as presented in the Athlone editions.(Brief Article)(Book Review)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/x/x-p1iersp1lo.asp (209 words)

	Piers Plowman's Vision of Social Justice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		For both Geoffrey Chaucer and William Langland, the Plowman serves as an ideal representative of the laboring class.
		In the General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales, the Plowman is described as "Living in pees and parfit charitee" (1.228, line 534).
		Langland's saintly Piers Plowman is clearly no rebel; he would never contemplate violating the natural order of estates by taking up arms against his betters.
	www.wwnorton.com /nrl/english/NAEL71/Period1MiddleAges/CourseSessions1/PoetryPiers.html (225 words)

	Target : Entertainment : Books : Literature & Fiction : Authors, A-Z : ( L ) : Langland, William (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Vision of Piers Plowman: A Critical Edition of the B-Text Based on Trinity College Cambridge MS B.15.17 (Everyman's Library (Paper))
		Piers Plowman: A Facsimile of Bodleian Library, Oxford, MS Douce 104
		Piers Plowman: The Z Version (Studies and Texts (Pontifical Inst of Mediaeval Stds))
	www.target.com /gp/browse.html?node=70403 (120 words)

	Hoyt Duggan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Piers Plowman: Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Laud 581 (L), The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive, 4.
		Piers Plowman: Oxford, Bodleian Library, MS Rawlinson Poetry 38 and London, British Library, MS Lansdowne 398 (R), The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive, 5.
		Piers Plowman: Corpus Christi College, Oxford, MS 201 (F), The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive, 1.
	www.engl.virginia.edu /faculty/duggan.html (423 words)

	IPL Online Literary Criticism Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		My starting point will be in the Romantic or "conventional" sublime and its subsequent application in some Piers Plowman criticism of a New Critical bent.
		This lengthy analysis of "Piers the Plowman" includes sections on "The Vision of William concerning Piers the Plowman", "Theories concerning Authorship; The Three Texts, "Parallel Passages", "William Langland", and "The Fourteenth Century."
		"In nineteenth-century studies of Piers Plowman, which emerged in the thick of Hegelian modes of aesthetic analysis, the orchestration of literary history and social history often produced (from a later, non-Hegelian perspective) discordant effects.
	www.ipl.org /div/litcrit/bin/litcrit.out.pl?ti=pie-275 (263 words)

	The Electronic Piers Plowman Archive and SEENET
		In the case of Piers Plowman, consistency in this large task will be facilitated by access to computer-generated concordances of each of the manuscripts as well as to edited texts of all three versions of the poem.
		At the medieval conference in Kalamazoo in May, 1992, Robinson ran a small sample of 100 lines from six manuscripts of Piers Plowman and achieved extremely interesting results, suggesting that it may be possible with this program to overcome problems created by contamination or coincidental variation.
		That is, we cannot study the reception history of texts like Piers Plowman as it is reflected in the manuscript witnesses until editorial work distinguishes what each scribe or editor did from what was inherited from an exemplar.
	www.ucalgary.ca /~scriptor/papers/duggan.html (4221 words)

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