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Topic: Piezoelectric motor

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	Piezoelectricity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bone exhibits some piezoelectric properties, due to the apatite crystals: it has been hypothesized that this is part of the mechanism of bone remodeling in response to stress, as the electric fields on the apatite crystals stimulate further bone growth.
		Piezoelectric transducers are used in electronic drum pads to detect the impact of the drummer's sticks.
		Piezoelectric elements can be used in laser mirror alignment, where their ability to move a large mass (the mirror mount) over microscopic distances is exploited to electronically align some laser mirrors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Piezoelectricity (2647 words)

	Stepper motor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A stepper motor is a brushless, synchronous electric motor that can divide a full rotation into a large number of steps, for example, 200 steps.
		Like an AC synchronous motor, it is ideally driven by sinusoidal current, allowing a stepless operation, but this puts some burden on the controller.
		Computer-controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems, particularly when digitally controlled as part of a servo system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Stepper_motor (752 words)

	Mini motor could change the shape of micromedical applications
		The smallest of these ultrasonic, piezoelectric motors developed by researchers at Penn State’s Materials Research Institute is about the size of a grain of rice.
		A mirror could be controlled by the motor to allow the light delivered by the fiber optic filament to illuminate a larger area of the upper digestive tract and physicians to view larger areas.
		The researchers have fabricated the prototype motors from readily available materials, because they want to be able to mass produce the motors inexpensively.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2001-11/ps-mmc110701.php (627 words)

	Dynamic Properties of Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Motors for Space Robotics Applications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This research enhanced the UHCL piezoelectric ultrasonic motor apparatus by the addition of an inertial load and measured motor dynamic response using a commercial motor driver.
		These motors can be built such that they neither produce nor are affected by magnetic fields, making them useful in highly magnetic environments and applications in which magnetic fields are harmful.
		The motor torque is proportional to the slope of the curves in Fig.
	www.isso.uh.edu /publications/A2003/dabney.htm (820 words)

	Class 310: ELECTRICAL GENERATOR OR MOTOR STRUCTURE / U.S. Patent Classification Definitions
		Subject matter including a linkage, usually between the motor and its support, to cause the complete motor to rotate or oscillate with respect to its support in response to the rotary motion of the motor rotor or armature.
		An electric motor described as for tool driving is classified in Class 173 if specific impact delivering relationship to a tool is claimed, a passage to deliver cleansing or cooling fluid to a tool work surface is claimed or specific structure of a handle to manipulate a tool relative to work is claimed.
		This subclass relates, for example, to the shaded pole type of induction motor in which, although only a single phase of current is connected to the motor, a true rotating field is obtained by the use of pole faces which are partly free and partly surrounded by a short circuited coil.
	www.uspto.gov /go/taf/def/310.htm (8780 words)

	Nano Positioning, Nano Motion, Nano Motors, Nano Satge, Nano Manipulation
		A mirror is attached to a table that is firmly mounted to the shaft of the motor.
		The test entails measuring the change in the angle of reflection (when the motor is rotated at its minimum angular increment) of a collimated light beam, originating from the autocollimator and reflected back from the mirror.
		Another critical parameter of the rotary piezoelectric motor is its extremely high initial torque (0.2 Nm), compared to the torque of a comparable stepper motor (e.g.
	www.specs.com /products/Nano-Positioning/NanoControl-DSP.htm (1848 words)

	Improved Multiple-DOF SAW Piezoelectric Motors
		Surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) piezoelectric motors of a proposed type would be capable of operating in multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs) simultaneously and would be amenable to integration into diverse structures and mechanisms.
		Like other SAW piezoelectric motors, a motor as now proposed would hold its position when not energized because the static friction generated by the clamping force would act as a braking force.
		In this case, two pairs of SAW piezoelectric transducers would be oriented orthogonally on a concave spherical stator instead of a flat stator, and the slider would be a sphere of nearly equal radius pressed against the stator.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Feb03/NPO20859.html (657 words)

	Siemens Technology-To-Business Center, L.L.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The new motor is a cost effective alternative to conventional DC mini motors in applications where it is connected to an electronic chip or when bi-directional motion is needed, as it requires less than one-third of the electronic components.
		Compared to present piezoelectric motors, the Elliptec does not require extremely critical tolerances, the construction is simpler and does not need expensive material, and the motor is substantially cheaper.
		While it’s possible to vary the speed of electric motors to a limited extent—by changing the voltage—using signal generation, a piezoelectric motor can be slowed down (or speeded up) to the desired speed.
	www.ttb.siemens.com /arch_2.html (845 words)

	World's Smallest Linear Motor to Have Big Impact on Phone Cameras, Tiny Medical Devices
		The motor itself is tiny, but its high precision is what enables the most dramatic reduction in overall device size.
		Piezoelectric ceramics create ultrasonic vibrations in the nut, causing the screw to rotate and translate with high precision.
		The patented ultrasonic motor design has much lower power consumption than miniature electromagnetic motors and holds its position when the power is turned off, further conserving battery life.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2006/5/prweb391038.htm (772 words)

	SOLID-STATE ACTUATION AS A DRIVING MECHANISM
		These motors offer high torque density at low speed, high holding torque, simple construction, can be made in annular shape (for optical application, electronic packaging and wiring through the center), and have a quick response.
		Ultrasonic motors [5] can be classified by their mode of operation (static or resonant), type of motion (rotary or linear) and shape of implementation (beam, rod, disk, etc.).
		The general principle of the operation of ultrasonic motors is to generate gross mechanical motion through the amplification and repetition of micro-deformations of active material.
	ndeaa.jpl.nasa.gov /nasa-nde/lommas/spie-usm97.htm (2028 words)

	Scientists create motor the size of grain of rice
		The motor was initially thought to have only micro-medical applications, such as controlling cameras on probing devices or as a surgical knife using a tiny drill to crush kidney stones.
		Electromagnetic motors are fast while less than 10 millimeters in size, but only 2 percent efficient, compared with the 28 percent efficiency of the researcher's electromechanical motor, according to a press release.
		Initially this piezoelectric motor was made of piezoelectric materials -- metals that deform under electricity, but now Uchino is choosing to compose the motor of aluminum, plastic or brass, which is readily available.
	www.collegian.psu.edu /archive/2001/11/11-27-01tdc/11-27-01dscihealth-03.asp (605 words)

	SQL-1.5 Piezoelectric Motor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		At 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm, the new SQL-1.5 piezoelectric motor is half the size of competing micromotors and offers a 20-gram push force and sub-Âµm position resolution, performing 10 times better than its closest competitor on both counts, New Scale said.
		Their ultrasonic motor design has much lower power consumption than miniature electromagnetic motors and holds its position when the power is turned off, further conserving battery life.
		The motor itself is tiny, but its high precision is what enables the most dramatic reduction in overall device size, the company said.
	www.photonics.com /content/products/2006/May/26/82827.aspx (627 words)

	Piezoelectric Reciprocal Relationship of the Membrane Motor in the Cochlear Outer Hair Cell -- Dong et al. 82 (3): 1254 ...
		It has been shown that the membrane motor in the outer hair cell is driven by the membrane potential.
		piezoelectric coefficient, in the membrane capacitance, and in
		Iwasa, K. Effect of membrane motor on the axial stiffness of the cochlear outer hair cell.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/82/3/1254 (3340 words)

	Kyocera \| Products \| Kyocera Industrial Ceramics Corporation \| News
		A low-frequency voltage is applied to the ultrasonic motor's piezoelectric elements, and low-speed drive is made possible due to the small amplitude of the vibration of these elements.
		This new ultrasonic motor is capable of operating in a speed range exceeding 200 mm/sec., which places it at the forefront of the industry.
		In this ultrasonic motor, the piezoelectric elements are sandwiched between blocks of metal.
	americas.kyocera.com /kicc/news/news_detail.cfm?key=863 (1099 words)

	SQUIGGLE motors - miniature piezo motors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The SQUIGGLE motor is a revolutionary linear actuator that sets a new benchmark for small size and high performance.
		A SQUIGGLE motor consists of several piezoelectric ceramic actuators attached to a threaded nut, with a mating threaded screw inside.
		Learn more about piezoelectric motors, have a look at the different SQUIGGLE motors that are available for lab or OEM use, or ask us about creating a tiny piezoelectric motor especially for you.
	www.newscaletech.com /squiggle_overview.html (386 words)

	NTS-10/NTS-100 Linear Nanopositioner
		When the system's piezoelectric motor is de-energized, the motor operates as a position holder (brake) with virtually undetectable backlash and drift.
		As the motor is rotated at its minimum angular increment, the change in angular reflection of a collimated light beam, originated from the autocollimator and reflected back from the mirror, is measured.
		The system's piezoelectric motor was designed to implement a step formation within 50-60 µm per 1/arc sec.
	www.oceanoptics.com /Products/nts10.asp (1337 words)

	motor electric on GlobalSpec
		Motor and Generator Winding Services (145 companies) Motor and generator winding services suppliers specialize in producing custom motors, generators and custom windings per customer specifications, as well as companies that specialize in motor repair and refurbishing.
		Piezoelectric Motors (9 companies) Piezoelectric motors use a piezoelectric ceramic element to produce ultrasonic vibrations of an appropriate type in a stator structure.
		Specialty Motors ARC Systems, Inc., a leader in the design and manufacturing of electric motors, provides quality motor products designed to perform in environments where traditional motors are unsuitable.
	electronic-components.globalspec.com /Industrial-Directory/motor_electric (1385 words)

	Using a Miniature Piezo Motor to Battle High Costs product information on ReedLink (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The core of the motor is piezo ceramic, which activates the oscillating of a vibratory element — the resonator — with approximately 100 KHz, whereby a wheel or a driving rod can be activated.
		The standardized, high-precision piezoelectric motor, on the other hand, is operated on the base of a micro-subtle driving movement, whereas the driven element is moved in thousands of small steps.
		The robust, gear-less motor consists of four parts: The piezo ceramic, the circumjacent aluminum frame (resonator), a clip fixed at the frame, and the connection cables.
	www.reedlink.com /singleArticle.aspx?ContentId=57870&pub=PD (793 words)

	A Two-State Piezoelectric Model for Outer Hair Cell Motility -- Iwasa 81 (5): 2495 -- Biophysical Journal
		assumed that piezoelectric response was primarily linear to the
		The rectangular shape of the motor in the illustration is for simpler illustration and does not constitute an assumption.
		) indicates that the increase in the motor capacitance is
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/81/5/2495 (4574 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-12282001-185007
		The focus of this research was to create a linear motor that could easily be packaged and still perform the same task of the current DC motor linear device.
		To accomplish this task, piezoelectric actuators were utilized to drive the motor due their fast response times and high force capabilities.
		The desired overall objectives of the research is to create an incremental linear motor with the capability of moving loads up to one hundred pounds and produce a velocity well over one inch per second.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /theses/available/etd-12282001-185007 (312 words)

	The Brady Group.ca - Markets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The TBG piezoelectric motor uses the principle of standing acoustic waves, with pushers.
		The TBG piezoelectric motor does not create harmful emissions, nor does it contain electrical windings or brushes, so it does not emit a magnetic field, nor spark.
		Piezoelectric motors may be manufactured for deployment in extreme environments - high vacuum, low temperatures, or high moisture.
	www.bradygroup.on.ca /tbg/piezo.html (271 words)

	Piezoelectric Motor is 9 mm shorter than previous version., Nanomotion
		Piezoelectric Motor is 9 mm shorter than previous version.
		The ST is the smallest motor of its kind, reducing the overall length of the previous version by 9mm.
		Jun 23, 2004 - Piezoelectric Motors are suited for vacuum environments.
	news.thomasnet.com /fullstory/12359/1777 (558 words)

	The NSDL Scout Report for Mathematics, Engineering, & Technology -- Volume 1, Number 14
		Specific issues, such as motor rewinding, are discussed to correct many common mistakes made when conducting maintenance and repairs.
		Some interesting facts about general motor use and the "Premium-Efficiency Motor Initiative" are given on this Web site (5).
		Along these same lines, a project is underway that hopes to make copper motor rotors economically feasible (6).
	scout.cs.wisc.edu /Reports/NSDL/MET/2002/met-020816-topicindepth.html?PHPSESSID=a9a8543cf120bc9db212e694d712acc8 (333 words)

	EMDM (Tech News 1) - March/April 2003
		Applying voltage to the motor sets in motion a synchronized forward or backward movement of each pair of legs, allowing the motor to “walk up to several centimetres per second with a resolution down to 10 nanometres,” says Sollerud.
		The motor’s motion mechanism is composed of thin piezoceramic layers sandwiched between conductive materials.
		Because of the motor’s small size and backlash-free operation, “we see micromanipulation in surgical and laboratory instruments as a field of application,” says company CEO Per Oskar Lithell.
	www.devicelink.com /emdm/archive/03/03/002.html (321 words)

	Piezoelectric motor comes with tiny claims: News from New Scale Technologies
		The latest Squiggle motor from New Scale Technologies, is the smallest linear motor on the market, the company announced today.
		At 1.5 x 1.5mm, the new SQL-1.5 piezoelectric motor is half the size of competing micro-motors.
		The patented ceramic motor design generates no magnetic fields and can be made of nonferrous materials, making it MRI-safe and image compatible.
	www.engineeringtalk.com /news/nel/nel102.html (417 words)

	Rotative motor using a piezoelectric element (US4339682)
		A rotative motor includes a member mounted to rotate freely.
		A pair of piezoelectric bimorph elements are excited from a source of alternating current so that free ends of the respective elements vibrate ninety degrees out of phase.
		The central point of an elastic member connected between the free ends of the elements is in frictional contact with the rotatable member.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US04339682__ (242 words)

	EMDM - September 2004 - Technology News II
		Elliptec is a spin-off of Siemens AG, and it was that company’s use of piezo technology in the automotive field that led to the development of the Elliptecmotor.
		The motor integrates a piezo element that oscillates when voltage is applied.
		The motor can operate submerged in fluids or in a vacuum, and it is unaffected by strong magnetic fields.
	www.devicelink.com /emdm/archive/04/09/018.html (324 words)

	Siemens Technology-To-Business Center, L.L.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Elliptec, a Dortmund, Germany, spinoff from Siemens, has developed a simple and inexpensive piezoelectric motor, which uses the electrically induced vibration of special ceramic materials to spin a wheel or move a rod.
		Earlier piezoelectric motors cost hundreds of dollars; Elliptec’s gadgets may reach market at $1 each, thanks to new materials and a simpler three-part design that makes them easy to manufacture.
		The penny-sized gadget is quiet, one-twelfth the weight of a traditional electromagnetic motor, needs no gearbox and can generate a wide range of exact speeds, according to Elliptec president Bjoern Magnussen.
	www.ttb.siemens.com /news_detail_1.html (260 words)

	Cheap Gearless Motor - HardwareGeeks.com A Community For the Sophisticated Geek or Geekette
		Earlier piezoelectric motors were impractical due to there high cost, normally in the hundreds of dollars; Elliptec's design has the possibility to reach market at close to $1 per motor, due mainly to the simpler three-part design and cheap materials.
		This motor (roughly the size of a penny) is 1/12 the weight of a standard electromagnetic motor, is very quiet, and can run at a large variety of speeds with much higher accuracy than today's motors.
		The motors are already shipping and will most likely first come to market inside of robotic toys to produce better limb and eye movements.
	www.hardwaregeeks.com /board/showthread.php?t=495 (234 words)

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