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Topic: Pileus

In the News (Tue 14 Feb 12)

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ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Key to Rhodocybe
		Pileus circular becoming dimidiate, conchate or reniform, up to 15 mm broad, pileus and lamellae with grayish colors, odor and taste farinaceous or like cucumber, clamp connections present (from Horak, 1979) (Baroni was unable to locate clamps in the type)....
		Pileus pinkish cinnamon or cinnamon buff, lamellae concolorous and decurrent; pileipellis with clusters of erect, inflated and incrusted pileocystidia; subhymenium cellular....
		Pileus white, pale sordid buff, gray, purplish gray or dark grayish brown; 3% KOH spot-test on pleus surface producing a reddish color reaction and solution; lamellae decurrent, narrow and crowded; hyphae of lamellar trama interwoven....
	www.nybg.org /bsci/res/hall/rodocybe.html (1273 words)

	Key to Illinois Boletes (MushroomExpert.Com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pileus hairy or coarsely fibrillose-scaly, grayish purple to purplish fl; pores and tubes initially pallid, staining reddish when injured, then fl; partial veil floccose, leaving an annulus or annular zone on the stipe; basidiospores fl in mass, globose, warty to reticulate.
		Pileus and stipe pale grey to pale yellow-brown; stipe finely reticulate at the apex; pores pale yellow.
		Stipe 5-10 mm diam; pileus pale cinnamon; annulus floccose, undersurface not pale lavender.
	www.mushroomexpert.com /methven_01.html (919 words)

	CA Boletes -- Key
		Pileus surface velutinous to subtomentose to tomentose or conspicuously fibrillose
		Pileus gray to pinkish gray; stipe conspicuously bulbous, pale pink to pallid
		Pileus red to reddish brown with olive or gray overtones; stipe red at the apex or with a red band in the apical region, often yellow or pallid at the base
	www.mykoweb.com /boletes/key.html (1655 words)

	A key to Norwegian Mycenas
		Pileus pale dingy pinkish brown, lamellae pink, stipe pale brownish white with a slight yellowish tint.
		Pileus not with vinaceous, violaceous or pinkish tints.
		Pileus sepia brown with pinkish tinge at the centre and the margin.
	home.online.no /~araronse/Mycenakey/fragilipedes_sect.htm (1493 words)

	The cap
		This was the pileus or birettum.(4) This cap in its turn was a shallow form of the cap of liberty presented to Roman freedmen to cover their newly-shaven heads and to mark their emancipation, the pileus(5).
		The pileus rotundus had formerly been restricted to doctors in sacred theology, canon law, medicine, and civil law.(14) But when, in early Tudor times, a pileus quadratus came to be bestowed upon doctors, a pileus rotundus had begun to be worn by those of lower degree.
		The pileus rotundus, perhaps the John Knox laical cap, was worn by doctors in civil law, medicine, music, etc, instead of the pileus quadratus which they had previously worn.
	www.geocities.com /noelcox/The_cap.htm (2764 words)

	Key to North American
		Pileus smooth, stipes pointed at the base, thick wooly annulus, no clamp at base of basidium or anywhere in basidiomata, dist.
		The pileus is "tan to pinkish brown" and "distinctly hairy" (Bérubé & Dessureault, 1988).
		Pileus tan to brown, with no scales, but a finely fibrillous surface that can be easily rubbed off, leaving a "mealy" texture between your fingers.
	botit.botany.wisc.edu /toms_fungi/armkey.html (1113 words)

	American Journal of Botany, 1, 1, January, 1914 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The fundaments of the pileus and stem at this stage stain faintly in contrast with the deep stain of the surrounding fundamental tissue.
		As it is stretched by the expansion of the pileus the looser, spongy, lower portion of the veil is separated from the pileus margin and surface of the stem and torn into the scales characteristic for the species, while the firmer upper (inner) portion is later separated from the margin of the pileus.
		External to the pileus primordium and the upper portion of the stem fundament is a zone of fundamental tissue with an open mesh.
	www.botany.org /ajb/00029122_di001118.html (1189 words)

	BIRETTA - LoveToKnow Article on BIRETTA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Though the form of the biretta, devised in the 17th century, is peculiar to the Roman Church, it is but a variant of the original biretum, which developed in various countries into head-coverings of different shapes and significance.
		At the outset there was little to distinguish the biretum from the pileus or pileolus (skull-cap), a non-liturgical cap worn by dignitaries of the Church under the mitre and even under the biretta.
		As an ecclesiastical vestment the cap can be traced, under the name of pileus, to the 12th century; under that of infula, to the end of the 10th.
	67.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BI/BIRETTA.htm (1132 words)

	Pileus Clouds: smooth capping clouds
		Pileus (Latin for "skullcap") is a smooth cloud found attached to either a mountain top or growing cumulus tower.
		The lifted air that produces pileus clouds is typically drier than the moist air from lower levels often responsible for cumulus clouds.
		There is little tendency for any significant vertical growth in pileus clouds, which is why they take on a smoother, horizontal shape.
	ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu /(Gh)/guides/mtr/cld/cldtyp/oth/pls.rxml (63 words)

	Phylogenetics – Fungi: Agaricus
		Pileus 60-250 mm diam., fleshy, convex when young, then convex-applanate, sometimes with a depressed centre, moderate brown to dark brown scales on paler surface; reddening reaction when bruised or broken, but may show yellowing towards the base of the stipe; Schäffer's cross-reaction usually negative.
		Pileus greyish-ochraceous-brown or clay brown, in the centre with dark brown, appressed scales; bruising dull yellow, including towards the base of the stipe.
		Pileus white or grey-brown towards the centre, bruising yellow, glabrous, smooth, silky, may be covered with cracks or fissures, radially towards the margin; flesh bright-chrome-yellow towards the base of the stipe, especially with bruising.
	www.inet.net.nz /~anthony/page7.html (1139 words)

	KEY TO CALOCYBE SPECIES OF THE NEOTROPICS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pileus deep violaceous, lilac, bluish gray or pale cream with a grayish brown disc, lamellae may or may not be yellowish
		Pileus convex-papillate, dark reddish brown, glabrous or slightly punctate, approx.
		Pileus bluish gray with a fuliginous disc, convex with prominent papilla, 13-18 mm broad; lamellae white, subdecurrent; stipe fuliginous (Singer, 1977)
	www.cortland.edu /nsf/CALOCKEY.htm (231 words)

	Keys
		Pileus tan, brown, rufous brown, usually concave ……………………………….………….
		Pileus surface velutinous to plushy; warm climates; anamorph unknown ………......…..
		Pileus surface strigose to wooly; cool, wet climates; anamorph of tan to brown
	fp.bio.utk.edu /mycology/Pleurotus/key.htm (330 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pileus 4-6mm, conic, Mouse Gray w/White to Pale Yll.
		Pileus 8 mm diam, conic, mucronate, Cream; surface seriaceous, shiny; margin not striate.
		Pileus 38 mm diam, conic, long mammilate papilla, Raw Umber 123, umbo Raw Umber 223; surface radially fibrillose; margin not striate; context White w/Light Drab tint.
	luq.lternet.edu /data/lterdb86/data/JamaicaFungi.csv (6917 words)

	American Journal of Botany, 4, 9, November, 1917 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The pileus is formed by the expansion of the stem apex, due to interstitial and divergent growth.
		Perpendicular downward growth of hyphae from the under surface of the pileus, beginning in the angle between stem and pileus, forms the primordium of the hymenophore as an annular zone of new growth surrounding the stem apex.
		The annular prelamellar cavity is formed by the breaking away of ground tissue left in the angle between stem and pileus after their differentiation, due to the growth and expansion of these parts.
	www.botany.org /ajb/00029122_di001156.html (966 words)

	VILLA IVLILLA >VESTIS > Make a Phrygian-style pileus
		The third side of the triangle must be an outward curve for most of the way, but make another point 2" up from the (B) point on the bottom cut line.
		Draw a line straight up between B and D, then an outward curve from D to C. This will be the back of the pileus.
		Depending on what kind of material you are using, draw a cutting line outside the original line.
	www.villaivlilla.com /pileus.htm (289 words)

	Basidiomycota (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		To make a spore print, a pileus is cut from the stipe, and laid on a piece of paper, or better yet, two pieces of overlapped paper, one fl and one white.
		When the beaker and pileus are gently removed, a pattern of spores showing the location of the lamellae or the pores, and the color of the spores.
		This is the common edible mushroom, consisting of a stipe, pileus and lamellae.
	www.cs.cuc.edu /~tfutcher/Basidiomycota.html (2127 words)

	albokey
		Pileus is entirely white, pale cinereous, pale cream or pale ochraceous, pileus surface appressed fibrillose, silky fibrillose or appressed squamulose.
		Pileus only slightly depressed on disc if at all, stipe solid or hollow, cheilocystidia narrowly clavate, cylindric or variously shaped but not inflated clavate (however see A. sericella var.
		Growing on the ground from soil or leaf litter, stipe typically hollow with age, pileus typically convex or campanulate, however the disc may be very shallowly depressed on some, cheilocystidia versiform but typically not inflated [A.
	www.cortland.edu /nsf/albokey.htm (379 words)

	Pileus Cloud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pileus caps are made of ice crystals high in the troposphere.
		Moisture in the dome condenses directly into an ice fog as the air rises and cools, forming the pileus.
		The lifted layer above the convective tower can't be too dry (must have high humidity), or the pileus cap won't develop.
	www.stormeyes.org /tornado/SkyPix/pileus.htm (95 words)

	Iridescence in pileus cloud (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pileus or "mushroom cap" clouds are formed above cumulus.
		The air layer expands as it is forced up into lower pressure surroundings and adiabatically cools.
		The water vapour in it suddenly condenses forming a misty veil-like layer of droplets above the cumulus - pileus cloud.
	www.sundog.clara.co.uk /droplets/iridim6.htm (121 words)

	bolt lab
		The pileus is similar to the angiosperm flower in that it is rich in key characters.
		Classification of your bolt "species" based on characteristics of the pileus probably resulted in the creation of three groups, each having five "species".
		Pileus circular in outline, terminal surface mostly convex...............................
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/tfplab/lab1.htm (935 words)

	The funga
		Pileus large (usually not more than 30 cm) with cylindric-clavate perforatorium.
		Pileus large or small, not scrobilulate, stipe annulate or not
		Pileus not globose, smaller, cystidia not dimorphic, preudorhiza not brownish
	www.mycokey.com /AU/WestAfrica/Termitomyces.htm (814 words)

	Leccinum and Phylloporus in Costa Rica - List of Characters
		Sterile flaps refer to an extension (often considerable) of the pileus surface (pileipellis) beyond the margin of the pileus that doesn't support any hymenophore beneath it.
		Orientation of the tube trama in boletes is bilateral: a central stratum and lateral strata as seen in longtiudinal section.
		The layer of hyphae that form the surface of the pileus vary in terms of cell shape, size, orientation, pigmentation, surface morphology, and reaction to reagents
	www.nybg.org /bsci/res/hall/chars.html (2274 words)

	Agaricus: purple brown spore print, free gills, and the presence of an annulus; stature type typically Lepiotoid
		Typically the pileus is glabrous, fibrillose, fibrillose-scaly, tomentose-scaly, or scaly and it is colored white, yellows, brown, or orange-tawny.
		white, cream, yellowish, ochre-yellow, ochre spores; pileus typically convex at first, becoming plano-convex to plane and developing a depressed disc; pileus and stipe with brittle, chalk-like flesh.
		olive to olive-brown spore print; tubular hymenophore is easily removed from the pileus; macroscopically can be recognized by the viscid, slimy, glutinous pileus or/and glandular dots at stipe apex or membranous to glutinous partial veil.
	www.humboldt.edu /~dll2/bot360/genera/genera.htm (860 words)

	Botany Libraries Archives, R. Gordon Wasson Archives
		Mushroom with slug [?] on underside of pileus.
		Mushroom, with bushy-tailed rodent climbing through a hole in the pileus, on which it has been gnawing.
		Mushroom with pitted pileus, penetrated by bushy-tailed animal.
	www.huh.harvard.edu /libraries/wasson/FINDAID3.html (2027 words)

	Basic information for Pleurobrachia pileus (Sea gooseberry) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Pleurobrachia pileus is a small, oval to spherical comb jelly, up to 1-2.5 cm high with two long fishing tentacles.
		The fishing tentacles are up to 15-20 times the length of the body (up to 50 cm long), bear lateral filaments, and can be completely retracted into the body.
		Pleurobrachia pileus is a carnivore, preying on zooplankton, especially copepods.
	www.marlin.ac.uk /species/spRd.asp?sp=Pleurobrachia+pileus (239 words)

	Artificial cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the last stage of growth, spores break on the down side of the pileus and fall down to cover all the ground into reddish brown color.
		For first week of this condition, it is needed to water it, and 10 days later, not to water in order to keep the spore on the pileus, because the spore has most nutrition ingredients.
		There is an individual difference, but in general, harvesting is carried out 20~30 days after the discharge of spores was started at the time when the white part of the circumference of a pileus disappeared to become reddish brown and the thickness of the pileus increased to become full.
	www.toi-reishi.com /reishi-cultivation.htm (2278 words)

	^Pileus ^Project
		The Pileus Project, an interdisciplinary, project funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to determine the potential impacts of climate change and climatic variability on agriculture in the Great Lakes Region.
		The Pileus Project received its name from the Pileus cloud, which appears as a cap or a hood above or attached to the top of the cumulonimbus cloud.
		The name was chosen to symbolize the "overarching" or "capstone" nature of the project.
	www.msu.edu /~charnoth/template.html (128 words)

	The ich1 gene of the mushroom Coprinus cinereus is essential for pileus formation in fruiting -- Muraguchi and Kamada ...
		The ich1 gene of the mushroom Coprinus cinereus is essential for pileus formation in fruiting -- Muraguchi and Kamada 125 (16): 3133 -- Development
		The ich1 gene of the mushroom Coprinus cinereus is essential for pileus formation in fruiting
		indicates that the ich1 gene is specifically expressed in the pileus of the
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/125/16/3133 (374 words)

	Earth Science Picture of the Day (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This unaltered photo showing a pileus cloud was taken on June 25, 2004 from New Smyrna Beach, Florida.
		As afternoon thunderstorms were quickly building, and the Sun was beginning to set, the ingredients were in place for a spectacular light show -- if the timing was exactly right.
		When the Sun was in just the proper position, a pileus cloud began forming, and its shadow was cast upwards at the same time the pileus was "catching fire."
	epod.usra.edu /archive/epodviewer.php3?oid=201344 (174 words)

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