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	AllRefer.com - Joseph Pilsudski (Polish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Pilsudski, who subordinated social aims to national emancipation, struggled exclusively for Polish independence.
		Pilsudski used force to expand the eastern frontier of Poland, and the peace treaty with Russia (see Riga, Treaty of, 1921) incorporated several million Ukrainians and White Russians into Poland.
		Pilsudski's authoritarian regime was a military dictatorship with slight fascistic overtones, although it never was formalized as in fascist countries.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/Pilsudsk.html (441 words)

	General Josef Pilsudski (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Josef Klemens Pilsudski was born on the 5, December, 1867, in a manor house at Zulow in the Russian Northwestern Province, formerly Lithuania.
		Pilsudski swore that the Reds should not advance beyond the Vistula, and preparations for a defense and counteroffensive based on this line were made.
		Although Pilsudski was to retire from the army shortly after his triumph in Wilno, he was able to roar back two years later, suspend the constitution, and become supreme dictator of the country in 1925.
	www.geocities.com /veldes1/pilsudski.html (2759 words)

	Jozef Pilsudski: Messiah and Central European Federalist
		Jozef Klemens Pilsudski was born on the 5, December, 1867, in a manor house at Zulow, Lithuania.
		Pilsudski recalled that 'their system was to crush as much as possible the independence and personal dignity of their pupils [...] My pride was trampled upon listening to lies and scornful words about Poland, Poles and their history.' Pilsudski was himself expelled from school for speaking Polish in class.
		Pilsudski's raid and robberies were similar to that of the Bolsheviks, however he differed from them in the fact that he believed Polish patriotism was a better way for rallying the loyalty of his compatriots than "calls for class warfare." From Bezdany Pilsudski did not stop until the gates of independence.
	wielkidzwonek.webpark.pl /v4 (3370 words)

	First World War.com - Who's Who - Josef Pilsudski
		Pilsudski, born in Russian Poland, found himself exiled by the Russians to Siberia for five years from 1887 after campaigning on behalf of the Polish nationalist cause.
		Finding his aims at odds with those of the controlling German authorities Pilsudski tendered his resignation from the Council (and as Minister of War) in March 1917 and was arrested by German forces in July following his repudiation of the German Warsaw Governor Hans von Beseler, and imprisoned until the armistice of November 1918.
		Thereafter re-entering political affairs Pilsudski governed Poland for a while as an effective dictator prior to his formal election in February 1919 as its Chief of State; he was also made a Marshal.
	www.firstworldwar.com /bio/pilsudski.htm (442 words)

	people (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pilsudski hoped that Germany and the Austrian Empire would beat Russia, and then in turn would be defeated by France and Great Britain.
		Marshal Pilsudski ruled with a heavy hand, did not tolerate opposition, and did not hesitate to use drastic methods in order to curb opposing politicians (as exemplified by bringing the police to the Sejm assembly hall in March 1928).
		In September 1930 Pilsudski disbanded the Parliament and ordered to arrest its numerous opposition members, sentencing them to prison terms during a "trial" that was a travesty of justice.
	home.btclick.com /polishembassy/info/history_in_brief/history_between_wars.html (1445 words)

	Poland - Interwar Poland
		Pilsudski's first task was to reunite the Polish regions that had assumed various economic and political identities since the partition in the late eighteenth century, and especially since the advent of political parties.
		Pilsudski took immediate steps to consolidate the Polish regions under a single government with its own currency and army, but the borders of the Second Polish Republic were not established until 1921.
		Pilsudski assumed that both powers wished to regain the Polish territory lost in World War I. Therefore, his approach was to avoid Polish dependence on either power.
	countrystudies.us /poland/14.htm (985 words)

	Jozef (Joseph) Pilsudski
		Pilsudski later organized a secret private army of about 10,000 Poles to fight for the freedom of Poland; when World War I broke out, he offered his force to the Austrians to fight the Russians.
		He was immediately accepted as head of state and commander in chief of the Polish army; as such, he supervised the disarming of the remaining occupation armies of the Central Powers, and all Polish military commanders placed themselves under his command.
		As his aim was the restoration of the territories belonging to Poland at the time of the partition in 1772, Pilsudski came into conflict with the new Czechoslovak and Lithuanian states and with the Bolshevik regime in the newly established Soviet Union.
	members.aol.com /ivorybro66/pilsudski.html (401 words)

	Battle Of Warsaw
		Pilsudski gave passive role of defending Warsaw from the east to 10 1/2 divisions formed in 1st and 2nd Armies.
		Pilsudski remembers: "In 21 Division almost half of the soldiers paraded in front of me bare-feet." Nevertheless in only three days Pilsudski was able to rise the morale of his troops and motivate them for the greatest efforts.
		Pilsudski felt compelled to agree although his forces were not fully prepared and some divisions were still in transit [8,9].
	www.hetmanusa.org /engarticle1.html (3710 words)

	Pilsudski's Coup d'Etat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the early decades of the twentieth century, Józef Pilsudski arose to national prominence as an anti-Russian socialist agitator, as a leader of Polish military forces during the world war and Poland’s chief of state from 1918 to 1922.
		Rothschild’s monograph, however, is not a biography of the Polish leader, but a study of the causes, events and consequences of the Pilsudski’s coup against the Polish government in May 1926.
		Pilsudski, exasperated with Polish politics, fully expected that his fame would vault him into power with a bloodless “armed demonstration”.
	www2.tltc.ttu.edu /kelly/_5346disc/0000003e.htm (342 words)

	Great Belarusian Military Commanders
		Yazep Pilsudski was born on December 5th 1867 in a family of Litwin (Belarusian) nobility at Zulow some 60 kilometers to the North of Vilna (Wilno, Vilnius) just three years after the end of the failed 1863 Kalinouski uprising against the Russians.
		Pilsudski was now the dictator of Poland and would remain so for 98 days until 20th February 1919 when he handed power to the Seym.
		Pilsudski pledged that, in the Jagiellonian tradition, there should be a free election and local Lithuanian autonomy.
	www.belarusguide.com /cities/commanders/Yasep_Pilsudski.html (811 words)

	[No title]
		Pilsudski was in Poland and Dmowski was not.
		Pilsudski was horrified not simply at a loss of territory but by the recognition of Soviet Ukraine as a party to the negotiations — thus betraying his Ukrainian allies and so undermining any hope of federative alliances to the east.
		Pilsudski and Beck were increasingly concerned by Hitler’s demands for the “return” of the so-called Polish Corridor to (between Germany proper and East Prussia) to Germany.
	www.angelfire.com /scifi2/rsolecki/jozef_pilsudski.html (5801 words)

	Józef Piłsudski - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pilsudski had given Poland something akin to what Henryk Sienkiewicz's pan Zagłoba had mused about: a Polish Oliver Cromwell.
		Jeremy Keenan, The Pole: the Heroic Life of Jozef Pilsudski, Gerald Duckworth and Co. Ltd, 2004, ISBN 0715632108.
		Andrej Garlicki, Jozef Pilsudski, 1867-1935, Scolar Press, 1995, ISBN 1859280188.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Jozef_Pilsudski (1794 words)

	Josef Pilsudski
		Jozef Pilsudski was born in Zulowa, Russia, in 1867.
		In 1914 Pilsudski and his 10,000 men fought with the Austrians against the Russian Army but after the Russian Revolution his loyalty was questioned and he was arrested and imprisoned in July 1917.
		Pilsudski represented Poland at the Versailles Treaty and his army successfully defended Poland against the Red Army (1919-20).
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWpilsudski.htm (328 words)

	POLISH NEWS - History and Civiliztaion / Historia i Cywilizacjia - THE HISTORY OF THE MANOR HOUSE IN SULEJOWEK / ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It may be supposed that Pilsudski as the Head of State did not want to purchase the property himself, even such a humble one as this house of a railway ticket inspector in Sulejowek near Warsaw.
		Thus, Pilsudski consented to the proposal from the Committee which decided to build him a house on the plot of "Milusin", near the wooden one.The house was designed by architect Kazimierz Skorewicz, the builder of the municipal management in Warsaw.
		Pilsudski zgodzil sie wiec, by Komitet zolnierza wybudowal mu murowany dom na dzialce "Milusin", nieopodal drewniaczka.
	www.polishnews.com /historia/sulejowek/sulejowek.htm (4744 words)

	The World at War - Poland Timeline 1918-52
		Pilsudski's assement of German attitudes was less favorable when his Polish Legions were placed under German command the Marshal refused an oath of allegiance to the Kaiser and was imprisoned in Magdenburg Castle for the duration of the war.
		Pilsudski was released from Magdenburg on November 10, 1918.
		Pilsudski refused to assume direct power and kept the trappings of a parliamentary republic but it meant the end of free political discourse.
	worldatwar.net /timeline/poland/18-52.html (5040 words)

	The Polish Front: The Military Writings and Speeches of L. Trotsky: Volume 3
		The party of Pilsudski, ‘the Chief of State’;, is partly in the government, partly underground: the bourgeois imperialist party of the National Democrats is partly in the government, partly operating above it, in the ante-rooms of the Entente.
		Pilsudski tries to support himself on the middle elements—on the urban intelligentsia, or on the upper circles of the peasantry.
		Pilsudski, however, acting on the orders of the stock-exchange and egged on by the Polish feudal lords, is waging war against revolutionary Russia.
	www.marxists.org /archive/trotsky/works/1920-mil/ch23.htm (1762 words)

	The Polish-Russian War and the Fight for Independence, 1918-1921
		Pilsudski was hoping that the White and Red forces in Russia would weaken each other to the point that neither were a threat.
		Pilsudski was able to raise a para-military force in Austria by 1908, know as the Society (or Riflemen) of TIR.
		Pilsudski refused to allow the Legions to be used against France and was imprisoned at Magdeburg for the remainder of the War.
	home.golden.net /~medals/1918-1921war.html (2603 words)

	Horse Dentist - Equine Dentist - Gary Khakhian - the best dentistry for your horse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pilsudski's racing career started at Newmarket in a moderate maiden, where he was sent off an unfancied 14/1 shot and finished sixth.
		Pilsudski was transformed from a handicapper to a high class globe trotting pattern performer in 1996, winning six of his seven races.
		Pilsudski's final race was in Japan, where he was to stand as a stallion.
	www.wwequine.com /the-horse-dentist/dental_successes/pilsudski.htm (709 words)

	TBRNews.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Pilsudski’s inexplicable inaction in face of dangers threatening from inside and outside put a heavy strain on the Socialists’ faith in their former comrade in exile and in conspiracy.
		Pilsudski bore no grudge against Prince Sapieha who was a Lithuanian like himself but a great gentleman, winning, courteous, and elegant to the point of a frivolous hypocrisy.
		Pilsudski was careful though quarrelsome, and being also disdainful of Polish aristocracy to the point of indifference, he wreaked his vengeance on Sapieha by appointing him ambassador to the court of St. James’s: this Sulla brought up at Cambridge came back to England to finish his education.
	www.tbrnews.org /Archives/a1142.htm (9122 words)

	[No title]
		Pilsudski planned to incite an uprising in the Russian sector of Poland.
		However, Pilsudski's effort was not completely in vain since the company became the core of Legions (initially allied with Austria), a foundation of the future Polish Armed Forces.
		On November 16, the Allied states received a message signed by Pilsudski: "As the Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Armed Forces, I wish to notify the belligerent and neutral governments and nations of the existence of an Independent Polish State incorporating all territories of the united Poland".
	polcon.tripod.com /independence.html (3188 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I understand amongst the Pilsudski's New York bound passengers there were a large number of Jewish immigrants travelling from Poland to the USA.
		In 1920, Paderowski, best known as a pianist and composer, was the president of Poland, and Pilsudski was the general who defeated the Russian army in the battle of Warsaw.
		Undoubtedly, Pilsudski was the greatest Polish leader of 20th century.
	www.home.gil.com.au /~mr.mo/pilsudski.htm (1592 words)

	The Red Army: Part 5
		Joseph Pilsudski, who was in supreme command of the Polish forces, decided to anticipate the enemy’s onslaught by an offensive of his own, since attack is the most effective form of defence.
		Pilsudski “then came to a decision contrary to all logic and the sound principles of warfare.” He withdrew a number of formations from the Polish southern front, leaving only two-and-a-half infantry divisions to oppose the 12th Red Army and Budyonny’s cavalry.
		Herein Pilsudski overlooks the fact that Tuchachevsky was not in supreme command of all the Soviet forces, and was thus unable to direct the movements of the armies of the south-western front in accordance with his own desires.
	www.marxists.org /history/ussr/government/red-army/1937/wollenberg-red-army/ch05.htm (5865 words)

	Architects of the Restored Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		With the threat of war, Pilsudski’s underground “Riflemen’s Clubs” were formed into Polish Legions training in the Carpathians (with Austrian support) and soon spawned a whole series of similar groups such as the student organisations “Zarzewie” (“Embers”) and the Nationalist “Sokol” (“Falcon”).
		Pilsudski entered into a pact with Petlura whereby Eastern Galicia was ceded to Poland and Polish troops marched on Kiev to restore Ukrainian independence (April 1920).
		Pilsudski had now left the PPS; “I rode in the tramcar called Socialism but I got off at the stop called Independence.” Marshal Pilsudski retired from politics in 1922 but kept an eye on events; he once said, “To be defeated and not to yield is victory.
	www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk /www/RestoredRepublic.html (2691 words)

	Joseph Pilsudski Biography / Biography of Joseph Pilsudski Biography Biography
		The Polish general and statesman Joseph Pilsudski (1867-1935) played a large role in the reestablishment of an independent Polish state and became its first president in 1918.
		Joseph Pilsudski was born on Dec. 5, 1867, at Zulow in the Vilna district of Russian Poland, the second son of a family of the lower gentry.
		Suspended from medical school at Kharkov in 1886, Pilsudski returned to Vilna and was exiled for 5 years to Siberia in 1887 for allegedly conspiring to assassinate Czar Alexander III.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-joseph-pilsudski (250 words)

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