
	Where results make sense

Topic: Pilus

Related Topics

Capcaun

Bloedel

Astwood

UNAMSIL

Linslade

Tom Udall

Byron Ingemar Johnson

Win4Lin

Battle of Moraviantown

Dragon Boy

Revelation

RCG

Effect size

Thespiae

Gulag

In the News (Thu 17 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Pilus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A pilus (Latin; plural : pili) is a hairlike structure on the surface of a cell, especially Gram-negative bacteria, a protein appendage required for bacterial conjugation.
		Despite the name "sex pilus", this has nothing to do with sexual reproduction or mating, nor is it the bacterial equivalent of a penis; such misnomers are used quite frequently in describing the process, and while may prove useful in understanding underlying concepts are misleading nonetheless.
		A pilus is typically 9 to 10 nm in diameter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pilus (378 words)

	Dr. Magdalene So - Bacterial attachment and type IV pilus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Our goals are to understand how the bacterial type IV pilus functions in infection and to identify determinants that promote bacterial intracellular survival and replication.
		The type IV pilus (Tfp) is the subject of a major lab effort.
		A major goal of the lab is to determine how the mechanical force derived from pilus retraction translates into cellular signals within the host; to identify the effects of signal transduction on cellular trafficking and gene expression; and finally to discover the effects of mechanotransduction on the infection process.
	www.ohsu.edu /microbiology/so.html (1735 words)

	David Thanassi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The usher is an outer membrane protein that directs pilus assembly and is required for secretion of pili to the cell surface.
		Pilus biogenesis provides an excellent model system for studying virulence factor secretion and for dissecting basic biological processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein targeting, and the ordered assembly of complex structures.
		Saulino, E.T., Thanassi, D.G., Pinkner, J.S., and Hultgren, S.J. Ramifications of kinetic partitioning on usher-mediated pilus biogenesis.
	www.uhmc.sunysb.edu /microbiology/dthanassi.htm (352 words)

	Gram-negative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pilus biogenesis is essential for bacterial pathogenesis, since the initial interaction between the pathogen and host occurs via the pilus.
		Colonization of both the bladder and the kidney initiates with a specific adherence event between an adhesin molecule localized to the tip of the bacterial pilus, and a specific receptor, typically a sugar moiety, expressed on the uroepithelium.
		The pilus biogenesis pathway is conserved throughout the Enterobacteriaceae and in virtually all Gram-negative bacteria; therefore, the development of potent anti-infectives has the potential to bring to market a generalized treatment protocol for many Gram-negative pathogens.
	www.siga.com /3b_GramNegative.html (431 words)

	[No title]
		The pilus is thought to retract during mating pair formation, a process that is not well understood.
		Whether the pilus is continually alternating between synthesis and depolymerization or whether receptor or phage binding triggers retr action is not known.
		Unlike pilus assembly, retraction does not require the synthesis of ATP and occurs in the absence of transcription and translation.
	www.sfu.ca /conferences/phage/posters/Elton-poster.rtf (428 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pilus
		Antibiotic resistance is the ability of a microorganism to withstand the effects of an antibiotic.
		Sexual reproduction is a process of reproduction involving the merging of two gametes from the same species to produce a new organism.
		A concept is an abstract, universal idea, notion or entity that serves to designate a category or class of entities, events or relations.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pilus (1163 words)

	ICDDR,B: Publication, , Pilus and 0:34 Antigen of Cytotoxic Enterotoxin Gene-positive Isolates of Aeromonas spp.
		Pilus and 0:34 Antigen of Cytotoxic Enterotoxin Gene-positive Isolates of Aeromonas spp.
		Pilus was detected from 13 isolates, and O:34 antigen was detected from 11 isolates.
		However, there is no relationship of pilus and O:34 serotype with the presence of cytotoxic enterotoxin gene in Aeromonas isolates.
	www.icddrb.org /pub/publication.jsp?classificationID=0&pubID=1509 (315 words)

	NCCR Structural Biology - Research - Highlights - Chaperones
		A previously unknown type of molecular chaperone is presented: The periplasmic pilus chaperone FimC is a protein-folding catalyst that enhances the folding rate of its substrate FimG a 100-fold and simultanously acts as a kinetic trap preventing spontaneous subunit assembly in the periplasm.
		The pilus is a highly oliogomeric protein complex consisting of subunits FimA, F, G, and H, that are assembled in the so called 'chaperone-usher' pathway (Figure 1).
		The presence of complete FimC is hence a prerequisite for efficient pilus formation by overcoming the kinetic bottleneck of subunit folding in the periplasm.
	www.structuralbiology.unizh.ch /research004e.asp (605 words)

	Hultgren Lab Research - Pilus/Curli Biogenesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Using the P and type 1 pilus biogenesis systems as models, we have delineated many of the fine molecular details of the chaperone/usher pathway, including the structure and mechanism of action of the periplasmic chaperones required for pilus assembly.
		In Escherichia coli, the Cpx pathway also closely monitors the assembly of the P pilus, which is essential in the establishment of pyelonephritis by uropathogenic E.
		Studies are underway in this lab to examine the molecular details of the Cpx response to, and its effects on, P pilus biogenesis, as well as the roles it may play in the pathogenesis of UPEC.
	www.microbiology.wustl.edu /dept/fac/hultgren/research_piluscurli_biogen.html (572 words)

	ScienceWeek (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		For some pilus-dependent functions, the amount of force generated by pilus retraction is critical, e.g., in host-cell responses and movement of the bacteria through viscous mucous layers.
		Type IV pilus polymers are several micrometers in length and 6 nm in diameter with 1,300 PilE (pilin) subunits/æm.
		The authors investigated the roles of pilus number and the retraction motor, PilT, in force generation in vivo at the single-molecule level, and found that individual retraction events are generated by a single pilus fiber, and only one PilT complex powers retraction.
	www.scienceweek.com /2003/sc031205-2.htm (1181 words)

	ETH - IMB - Wüthrich - Structural Aspects of Type-1 Pilus Assembly
		Pilus assembly is a core project in the group of Prof.
		Glockshuber, we solved the solution structure of FimC, a periplasmic assembly factor which is not a structural component of the pili but is required for pilus assembly in vivo.
		The actual pilus assembly on the cell surface is performed by the membrane protein FimD, which is the principal target in the current phase of the investigations.
	www.mol.biol.ethz.ch /groups/wuthrich_group/research/projects/pylus_ass (304 words)

	[No title]
		The P pilus is a very thin filament, whose outer diameter is only about 7 nm with a hollow core about 2 nm in diameter.
		Although the P pilus is among the simplest of attachment filaments, it is encoded by 11 genes.
		In fact, the pilus subunits are not stable as monomers and exist either as bound to the chaperone or as bound to each other as part of the filament.
	www.idthink.net /biot/flag2/index.html (4051 words)

	Single pilus motor forces exceed 100 pN
		We investigated the roles of pilus number and the retraction motor, PilT, in force generation in vivo at the single-molecule level and found that individual retraction events are generated by a single pilus fiber, and only one PilT complex powers retraction.
		Energetic considerations suggest that more than one ATP is involved in the removal of a single pilin subunit from a pilus.
		The results are most consistent with a model in which the ATPase PilT forms an oligomer that disassembles the pilus by a cooperative conformational change.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/biology/faculty-data/michael-sheetz/research-highlights/pnas-2003.html (158 words)

	Bacterial Twitching Motility
		Pilus extension occurs when pilin subunits (blue) assemble into a helical fiber at the bacterial inner membrane.
		We think that this happens in a three step cycle: (1) the pilus fiber extends; (2) the fiber binds to a substrate or to another cell; and (3) the fiber retracts (the power stroke).
		Retraction would occur through the reverse pathway, with pilus disassembly into subunits in the inner membrane driving retraction of the fiber through the secretin pore [abstract/download].
	www.webcom.com /alexey/moviepage.html (1387 words)

	SBNet - Research Reports 1998
		Chaperone/subunit preassembly complexes are targeted to the usher where pilus subunits are dissociated from the chaperone and incorporated into organelles in a defined order.
		This residue is of critical importance for chaperone function since it is involved in anchoring the C-terminus of pilus subunits in the subunit-binding cleft of the chaperone.
		Thus, in solution, or in the pilus, the lectin domain would probably be free to move around substantially.
	xray.bmc.uu.se /sbnet/rep98/knight.html (944 words)

	Hrp pilus: An hrp-dependent bacterial surface appendage produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 -- Roine et ...
		DC3000 is unable to form the Hrp pilus or to cause either an HR or disease in plants.
		Detection of the Hrp pilus on the surface of P.
		The presence of the Hrp pilus is specifically correlated with the appearance of a 10-kDa protein on the bacterial surface.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/94/7/3459 (5062 words)

	Untitled
		It is possible that the antigenic differences within a pilus family could result in an immune response that is effective against a F18ab pilus type but not F18ac pilus types.
		This demonstrates that antibodies raised against one pilus type are able to recognize and prevent the other pilus type from attaching to the intestinal wall.
		Another important point relating to the various pilus types is that they may affect what intestinal receptors the pilus will bind to.
	mark.asci.ncsu.edu /HealthyHogs/book1998/book98_3.htm (1635 words)

	Identification and characterization of RP1 Tra1 cistrons involved in pilus function and plasmid mobilization.
		Identification and characterization of RP1 Tra1 cistrons involved in pilus function and plasmid mobilization.Transfer-defective mutants of the Tra1 region of RP1 were isolated.
		Complementation studies involving stable heterozygotes combined with the mapping of Tn5 insertion mutations revealed two pilus cistrons, pilA and pilB, at positions 46.9 to 48.2 kb and 46.0 to 46.4 kb, respectively.
		It was also shown that the 43.5-to 49.5-kb region that includes pilA and pilB encodes all of the Tra1 pilus functions required for propagation of donor-specific phages and hence, probably, for pili that are active in conjugation.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/80071.html (284 words)

	Pilus formation and protein secretion by the same machinery in Escherichia coli -- Sauvonnet et al. 19 (10): 2221 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pilus formation and protein secretion by the same machinery in Escherichia coli -- Sauvonnet et al.
		The secreton (type II secretory machinery) and type IV pilus biogenesis pathways
		Drake,S.L., Sandstedt,S.A. and Koomey,M. (1997) PilP, a pilus biogenesis lipoprotein in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, affects expression of PilQ as a high-molecular-mass multimer.
	embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/19/10/2221 (4886 words)

	Hank S. Seifert, PhD
		The gonococcal pilus is a major virulence factor that mediates the initial interactions of the bacterium with its human host.
		The pilus functions in enhancing adherence of the bacterium to host cells, locomotion of the bacterium, and genetic transfer between bacteria.
		The pilus structural protein, pilin, undergoes high frequency antigenic variation to assist in evasion of the host immune responses.
	www.feinberg.northwestern.edu /igp/facindex/SeifertH.html (440 words)

	Identification and characterization of E. coli type-1 pilus tip adhesion protein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The type-1 pilus, in one of several serological variants, is expressed by nearly all E.
		Both the adhesive function and the serological variation of the type-1 pilus have been attributed to the thousand or so pilin protein monomers making up the pilus rods.
		We report here the identification of three previously undetected integral minor proteins on the type-1 pilus, and show that one of them is the receptor-binding adhesin.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v332/n6161/abs/332265a0.html (304 words)

	Center for Infectious Diseases - David Thanassi
		Pili are essential virulence organelles that radiate out from the bacterial cell surface, mediating recognition and binding of host cells.
		Pilus biogenesis will also be used as a model system with which to understand the secretion of virulence factors across the outer membrane in general.
		In addition, pilus biogenesis provides an excellent model system for dissecting basic biological processes such as protein-protein interactions, protein targeting, and the ordered assembly of complex organelles.
	www.uhmc.sunysb.edu /cid/thanassi3.html (172 words)

	RIS - Bacterial Motility and Behavior (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		After the initial interaction between the phage and the pilus, it appeared that retraction pulled the phage to the cell surface where productive infection could occur.
		Mutants that were pili-less or had non-retractile pili were non-motile; thus pilus retraction powers twitching motility.
		The pili were not observed directly -- pilus function was assayed by monitoring the position of a latex bead attached to pili with antibodies.
	www.rowland.org /labs/bacteria/movies_paeru.html (254 words)

	Scientists image key steps in bacterial infection
		The first pilus subunits to emerge through the usher are different from the rest.
		These adhesins give the pilus the sticky tip that enables the bacterium to get a toehold in human tissue.
		At Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Gabriel Waksman, Ph.D., associate professor of biochemistry and molecular biophysics, Klaus Fütterer, Ph.D., research associate of biochemistry and molecular biophysics, and Frederic G. Sauer, one of Hultgren's graduate students, have obtained X-ray images of a different chaperone (PapD) complexed with an adaptor protein (PapK).
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-08/WUSo-Siks-130899.php (1245 words)

	Primus pilus - Information
		The senior centurion of the legion was called the primus pilus, a career soldier and advisor to the legate.
		The Pilus Prior: The 10 Centurions of the First Centuires of each of the 10 Cohorts were called Pilus Prior and were the most senior Centurion within their respective cohort.
		While the legion was in battle formation, the Pilus Prior was given command of the entire cohort, with each of the Centurions as his lieutenants.
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/Primus_pilus (3186 words)

	ETH Zurich: Assembly of type 1 pili from Escherichia coli
		98% of the pilus subunits are comprised of the main structural pilus subunit FimA, while the residual 2% of the subunits are composed of 4 additional subunits, namely FimF, FimG, FimI and the mannose-binding subunit FimH.
		Assembly of the pilus in vivo requires the assembly factor FimC, a soluble, periplasmic chaperone protein that is not a component of the pilus.
		We propose that the main function of FimC is the prevention of premature pilus assembly in the periplasm.
	www.mol.biol.ethz.ch /groups/glockshuber_group/Research/Projects/assembly (493 words)

	Bacterial adhesion pili are heterologous assemblies of similar subunits -- Bullitt and Makowski 74 (1): 623 -- ...
		Three distinct morphologies are defined here for the pilus rod according to the degree of bending that each can undergo.
		is the outer radius of the pilus and a and b are the
		Development of pilus organelle subassemblies in vitro depends on chaperone uncapping of a beta zipper.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/74/1/623 (6103 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)