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Topic: Pinghua (linguistics)


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  Wikipedia: Chinese spoken language
Linguists, however, generally consider spoken language to be the fundamental form for classification of a language, and the standard of intelligibility is the one that is most commonly used to divide languages.
Linguists divide the variations in spoken Chinese language into seven to ten groups.
Pinghua 平話/平话: spoken in parts of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/c/ch/chinese_spoken_language.html   (1144 words)

  
 Pinghua (linguistics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pinghua is a formerly unclassified dialect spoken by about 200,000 people.
When Chinese is grouped into 7 languages rather than 10, Pinghua is grouped together with Cantonese, and there is some debate about considering it a separate language.
Many local people in Nanning consider there to be four "dialects" spoken in the area, namely Cantonese, Pinghua, Mandarin and Zhuang, which are hardly mutually intelligible.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pinghua   (233 words)

  
 ipedia.com: Chinese language Article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
Most linguists classify all of the variations of Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an original language similar to Proto Indo-European from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages descended.
Linguists who distinguish ten instead of seven major groups would then separate Jin from Mandarin, Ping from Yue, and Hui from Wu.
Old Chinese, sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese', was the language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.), texts of which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts, the poetry of the Shijing, the history of the Shujing, and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
www.ipedia.com /chinese_language.html   (3591 words)

  
 Chinese language - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
Min (which linguists further divide into of 5 to 7 subdivisions on its own, all of which are mutually unintelligible).
As with many areas that have been linguistically diverse for a long time, whether the speech of a particular area of China should be considered a language in its own right or a dialect of another is not always clear, and many of the languages do not have sharp boundaries between them.
Most linguists classify all of the variations of Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an original language, called Proto-Sino-Tibetan, similar to Proto Indo-European, from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages descended.
www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=5751   (5466 words)

  
 Pinghua (linguistics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
Pinghua (平話/平话), also Guangxi Nanning, is a subdivision of spoken Chinese.
When Chinese is grouped into 7 dialects rather than 10, Pingua is grouped together with Cantonese, and there is some debate about considering it a separate dialect.
Like all other varieties of Chinese, there is plenty of dispute as to whether Pinghua is a language or a dialect.
88.208.194.172 /wiki/index.php/Pinghua   (153 words)

  
 Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
Conventional linguistic analysis describes the tones on a five-point scale, with 1 being the lowest pitch and 5 the highest.
utterance' is, in the context of this language, is an ongoing topic for linguistic research.
Later, in the 20th century, the conceptualization of Taiwanese is more controversial than most variations of Chinese because at one time it marked a clear division between the Mainlanders who arrived in 1949 and the pre-existing majority native Taiwanese.
www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Taiwanese_(linguistics).html   (3342 words)

  
 Top 20 Chinese
Linguistically, the situation is comparable to that of Romance languages, which are mutually unintelligible but all derive from Latin and so share many common underlying features.
In China, a single cultural and literary standard (Classical Chinese and later, Vernacular Chinese) continued to exist while the spoken language continued to diverge between different cities and counties, much as European languages diverged, due to the scale of the country, and the obstruction of communication by geography.
Although, as with Europe, dialects of regional political or cultural capitals were still prestigious and widely used as the region's lingua franca, their linguistic influence depended more on the capital's status and wealth than entirely on the political boundaries of the region.
top20chinese.com   (7053 words)

  
 Chinese Language Facts
However, these languages were strongly influenced by Chinese in the course of history, linguistically and also extralinguistically.
China language mapMost linguists classify all of the variations of Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an original language similar to Proto Indo-European from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman languages descended.
Linguists who distinguish ten instead of seven major groups would then separate Jin from Mandarin, Pinghua from Yue, and Hui from Wu.
www.languagehelpers.com /languagefacts/chinese.html   (1603 words)

  
 Chinese language   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
Most linguists classify all of the variations Chinese as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and believe that there was an language similar to Proto Indo-European from which the Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman descended.
Linguists who distinguish ten of seven major groups would then separate from Mandarin Pinghua from Yue and Hui Wu.
Old Chinese sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese' was language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.) texts which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts the of the Shijing the history of the Shujing and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
www.freeglossary.com /Chinese_language   (3493 words)

  
 Chinese Information Center - chinese tattoos
In Europe, linguistic differences sharpened as the language of each nation-state was standardized.
Although, as with Europe, dialects of regional political or cultural capitals were still prestigious and widely used chinese dragon art as the region's lingua franca, their linguistic influence chinese alphabet depended more on the capital's status and wealth than entirely on the political boundaries of the region.
As with many areas that were linguistically diverse for a long time, it is not always clear whether the speech of a particular area of China should be considered a language in its own right or a dialect of another.
www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Official_Languages_A_-_C/Chinese.html   (6769 words)

  
 Spoken Chinses Language
However, if one considers spoken language to be the fundamental form for classification of a language and if the standard of intelligibility is the primary distinction used to divide languages, the major varieties of Chinese would be classified as separate languages.
This results in the common situation where A can understand B, B can understand C, but A cannot understand C. The linguistic diversity is particularly pronounced in southern variations such as Min in which two towns which are five kilometers from each other can speak completely unintelligible types of speech.
Used by linguistics, "Cantonese" covers all the Yue dialects, such as Toishanese, though the term is also used to refer to just the language of Guangzhou and Hong Kong.
www.chineseculture.info /language/spoken.htm   (1505 words)

  
 Chinese spoken language - Learn Chinese - Chinese
When forced to conceptualize these variations in terms of language and dialect common in the West, most Chinese do not think of these variations as separate languages because they share a common written standard and literary and cultural tradition, and perhaps just as importantly, is the basis for a single political identity.
However, the linguistic distance between different Chinese dialects is often much greater than forms of speech which in other parts of the world would unquestionably be considered distinct languages.
Pinghua (linguistics)Pinghua 平話/平话: spoken in parts of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Chinese_spoken_language   (1926 words)

  
 Spoken Chinese Summary
The vast majority of Sinitic language speakers (nearly 1.3 billion) are found in the People's Republic of China and Taiwan, but approximately 60 million speakers are located in Southeast Asia, North America, Europe, and elsewhere.
Although Sinitic languages are commonly known as "Chinese dialects,"; many linguists prefer to use the term "languages" because Chinese "dialects"; are often not mutually comprehensible.
Some linguists consider the Bai language (900,000 speakers in Yunnan Province) to be a Sinitic language while others classify it as Tibeto-Burman.
www.bookrags.com /Spoken_Chinese   (3104 words)

  
 Pinghua (linguistics) - Biocrawler   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
Biocrawler.com now with the option to add inline videos.
According to Wu Wei in 2001, "Pinghua is only a branch of Cantonese rather than an independent dialect group."
See here for the issues surrounding this dispute.
www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Pinghua_(linguistics)   (236 words)

  
 Chinese
Linguists classify the variations in spoken Chinese language into seven (sometimes ten) groups, often called dialects.
The pioneer of Western study of Old Chinese is the Swedish linguist Bernhard Karlgren, whose work is based on the forms of the characters and the rhymes of the 'Shijing'.
Linguists are confident in having a good reconstruction of which Middle Chinese sounded like.
www.websters-online-dictionary.org /Ch/Chinese.html   (14071 words)

  
 Quality-Driven Chinese Learning Software, Chinese Electronic Dictionaries, tools to Learn Chinese</u>   <i>(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)</i></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> <b>linguistic</b> diversity, and has not yet been conclusively described or classified. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> In addition, the Dungan language is a language descended from <a href="/topics/Chinese-spoken-language" title="Chinese spoken language" class=fl>Chinese spoken</a> in Kyrgyzstan, and is akin to </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> group identity at the level of a city or county, the high degree of <b>linguistic</b> diversity limits the amount of group solidarity</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.firstmandarin.com /Articles.html</font>   (1619 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><u>It's Happening Global Discussion Forum - translate</u>   <i>(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)</i></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Is that <a href="/topics/Mandarin-%28linguistics%29" title="Mandarin %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Mandarin</a>, Jin,Jianghuai, <a href="/topics/Wu-%28linguistics%29" title="Wu %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Wu</a>, <a href="/topics/Xiang-%28linguistics%29" title="Xiang %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Xiang</a>, <a href="/topics/Gan-%28linguistics%29" title="Gan %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Gan</a>, <a href="/topics/Hakka-%28linguistics%29" title="Hakka %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Hakka</a>, Minbei, Minnan, Yue, or <b>Pinghua?</b> </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> I have a friend who taught at the American Schools in Taiwan for a couple years, and he is practically fluent, but he was always pretty handy with <b>linguistics</b>. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> I catch on pretty quick with the romance languages, but have to really work at others, then I don't remember them well for too long if I don't practice.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.itshappening.com /printthread.php?t=43771</font>   (664 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><a href="http://chinese-outpost.com/learn/chinese-language-resources-at-glossika.asp">Learn Chinese |Chinese Language Resources at Glossika.com</a></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> The site now also groups and classifies over 2,500 <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialect</a> locations into about 200 <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects</a>, using interactive Google Maps and Google Earth files Each <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialect</a> location (500 charted so far, and more are being added all the time) has its own overview page, with a map, some tones, phonology, and other data. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Most data published on Chinese <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects </a>/ dialectology / <b>linguistics</b> is published in Chinese and distributed only domestically among <b>linguistic</b> circles. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Even if you’re not into hardcore Chinese <b>linguistic</b> research, it’s interesting to browse the site and get some idea of how <a href="/topics/Classification-Schemes-of-Spoken-Chinese" title="Classification Schemes of Spoken Chinese" class=fl>many</a> Chinese <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects</a> and language groups there are, and where they’re distributed.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>chinese-outpost.com /learn/chinese-language-resources-at-glossika.asp</font>   (331 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><u>Chinese In Singapore - China History Forum, chinese history forum</u>   <i>(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)</i></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> However, despite similarities <b>linguistically</b> and culturally, the Teochew and Hokkien considered themselves distinct and never got along well, especially during the British colonial era. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> The Gwainaam variant is largely based in <a href="/topics/Guangxi" title="Guangxi" class=fl>Guangxi</a> and shares close affinity with <b>Pinghua</b> (<b>linguistics</b>). </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Since their <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialect</a> was initially somewhat intelligible to <a href="/topics/Mandarin-%28linguistics%29" title="Mandarin %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Mandarin</a> (<b>linguistics</b>), although strongly influenced by Min-nan and Yue, they were believed to have migrated from Northern China between the 16th and the 17th century.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=10346&mode=threaded</font>   (4274 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><a href="http://nias.ku.dk/shuoshu/articles.htm">Chinese Storytelling - Bibliography</a></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> 1994 'Yangzhou <b>pinghua</b> zhong de "fangkou" yu "yuankou"' ['Square mouth' and 'round mouth' in Yangzhou storytelling], Fangyan [<a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>Dialect</a>], Beijing, pp.119-124. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> A Case Study of Yangzhou <b>pinghua</b>', paper prepared for The Symposium of ISFNR in Beijing, April 1996, in: Asian Folklore Studies, Vol.LVI-1, pp.7-32. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Paper presented at the Second Conference of the European Association of Chinese <b>Linguistics</b>, Rome, 6-8 September 2001.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>nias.ku.dk /shuoshu/articles.htm</font>   (1151 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><u>Hakka language resources</u>   <i>(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)</i></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> C <a href="/topics/Cantonese-%28linguistics%29" title="Cantonese %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Cantonese</a> (<b>linguistics</b>) Chinese dictionaries Chinese language romanization H <a href="/topics/Hakka-%28linguistics%29" title="Hakka %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Hakka</a> (<b>linguistics</b>) I Input methods of Han characters M <a href="/topics/Mandarin-%28linguistics%29" title="Mandarin %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Mandarin</a> (<b>linguistics</b>) Chinese-language... </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> The Guangdong Provincial Education Department created an official romanisation of Meixian <a href="/topics/Hakka-%28linguistics%29" title="Hakka %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Hakka</a> <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialect</a> in 1960, one of four languages receiving this status in Guangdong. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> See Identification of the varieties of Chinese for more on the dispute whether <a href="/topics/Hakka-%28linguistics%29" title="Hakka %28linguistics%29" class=fl>Hakka</a> and other Chinese <b>linguistic</b> groups should be properly considered languages or <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects</a>.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/languages/languages/Hakka.html</font>   (1259 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><u>Ireland Information Guide , Irish, Counties, Facts, Statistics, Tourism, Culture, How</u>   <i>(Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)</i></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> See <a href="/topics/Chinese-language#Is-Chinese-a-Language-or-a-Family-of-Languages.3F" title="Chinese language#Is Chinese a Language or a Family of Languages.3F" class=fl>here</a> for the details of this dispute. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Chinese <b>Linguistics</b> (http://www.unet.univie.ac.at/~a9305416/): Sites on Chinese <b>linguistics</b> (in English). </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Marjorie Chan's ChinaLinks (http://deall.ohio-state.edu/chan.9/c-links.htm): A large collection of Web resources by a professor of <b>linguistics</b> at Ohio State University</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.irelandinformationguide.com /Chinese_language</font>   (3486 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><a href="http://www.famouschinese.com/virtual/List_of_Chinese_dialects">List of Chinese dialects - Chinese linguistics and dialect - Chinese</a></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> The following is a list of major Chinese <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects</a>. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> In addition to the <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects</a> given below, it is customary to speak informally of <a href="/topics/Dialect" title="Dialect" class=fl>dialects</a> belonging to each province, e.g. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> These designations do not always correspond to classifications used by <b>linguists</b>, but each nevertheless has approximate, stereotypical characteristics of its own.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.famouschinese.com /virtual/List_of_Chinese_dialects</font>   (158 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><body face="Arial"> <br> <table cellpadding=0> <tr> <td>  </td> <td> <table > <tr><td> </td><td colspan=2><a href="http://www.indiana.edu/~easc/resources/working_paper/noframe_schoenhals_pc.htm">Working Papers || Talk About a Revolution</a></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> The "Sixteen Points" had been drafted in July by CCRSG member Wang Renzhong, permanent Central Propaganda Department Deputy Director Zhang <b>Pinghua</b>, and a number of senior ghost-writers and had been through no less than thirty-one drafts before being ratified at the CCP Central Committee's eleventh plenum. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> When they were made public in the People's Daily¡¡on 9 August, they superseded all other programmatic documents concerning the Cultural Revolution hitherto issued by the CCP Center. </td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> Chinese scholars today working on projects concerning the language of the Cultural Revolution include teachers of <b>linguistics</b> at Beijing University and a group of younger historians affiliated with the CCP Central Party History Research Office.</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray>www.indiana.edu /~easc/resources/working_paper/noframe_schoenhals_pc.htm</font>   (10222 words)</td></tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table><script language="JavaScript"> <!-- // This function displays the ad results. // It must be defined above the script that calls show_ads.js // to guarantee that it is defined when show_ads.js makes the call-back. function google_ad_request_done(google_ads) { // Proceed only if we have ads to display! if (google_ads.length < 1 ) return; 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color:gray;">' + google_ads[i].visible_url + '</a></font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>'; d = document.getElementById('ad' + (i + 1)); d.innerHTML = s; d.style.display = 'block'; } s = ''; for(i = 1; i < google_ads.length; i++) { s += '<div class="r" style="margin-left: 14px"><table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr>' + // '<td valign=top><img src="/images/a.gif"/ style="padding-top: 3px; padding-right: 3px"></td>' + '<td ><a href="' + google_ads[i].url + '" title="' + google_ads[i].visible_url + '">' + google_ads[i].line1 + '<div style="text-decoration: none; ">' + google_ads[i].line2 + ' ' + google_ads[i].line3 + '</div></a>' + '<font color="gray"><a href="'+ google_ads[i].url + '" title="' + google_ads[i].visible_url + '" style="text-decoration:none; color:gray;">' + google_ads[i].visible_url + '</a></font>' + '</td></tr></table></div>' } d = document.getElementById('sky1'); d.innerHTML = s; if(s.length > 0) { document.getElementById('sky').style.display = 'block'; } } /* <body face="Arial"><br><table cellpadding=0><tr><td>  </td><td><table ><tr><td> </td><td colspan=2> <a href=" ### GOOGLE ADS[i] URL ### "> ### GOOGLE ADS[i] VISIBLE URL ### </a></td></tr> <tr><td valign=top><img style="margin-top:4px;" src=/images/a.gif></td><td></td><td> ### LINE 2 ###   ### LINE 3 ###</td></tr> <tr><td></td><td colspan=2><font color=gray> ### link ### </font>  (sponsored link)</td></tr> </table></td></tr></table> */ /* // For an image ad, display the image; 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