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Topic: Pinot Meunier

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	Pinot Meunier Wine Information
		This red grape is used in Champagne as a component of the bubbly wine.
		Meunier is named after the French word for "miller", because the leaves have an underside that looks like flour.
		Pinot Meunier is known for its acidity and fruity flavors.
	www.wineintro.com /types/pinotmeunier.html (79 words)

	Pinot Meunier - Champagne MUMM - Pinot Meunier black grape (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot Meunier (freshness and fruitiness): As opposed to Chardonnay and Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier is not planted in Grand Crus communes.
		Pinot Meunier is a fl grape variety that gives white juice, but less noble than the other two, and represents 36% of the total Champagne vineyard.
		Pinot Meunier is found principally in the Marne Valley and in the Aude district.
	www.champagne-mumm.com /EN/pinot-meunier.html (127 words)

	WINEmag.co.za/Appreciation
		Meunier is a mutation of Pinot Noir and was originally distinguishable from this Burgundian variety by being far more villous or hairy.
		Meunier, French for ‘miller’, refers to the underside of the variety's leaves, which are covered in a fine, felt-like down, as if they've been dusted with flour.
		As a vital member of traditional, bottle-fermented sparkling wine triumvirate, Pinot Meunier is the most widely planted grape in the Champagne region of France, and it occupies vineyard space in the Marne, Aube and Aisne.
	www.winemag.co.za /content/online/appreciation/singlepage.asp?in=411 (269 words)

	Pinot Noir Definition in the Wine Dictionary at Epicurious.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot Noir is thought to have been grown in France for over 2,000 years, perhaps even prior to the Roman invasion of this area.
		Pinot Noir is also an important red grape in Germany (where it's known as Spätburgunder), but it has a hard time fully ripening there and produces pale, light-bodied wines.
		Pinot Noir is also grown in Switzerland, as well as some of the eastern European countries.
	www.epicurious.com /drinking/wine_dictionary/entry?id=7542 (521 words)

	Pinot meunier -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot Meunier is a variety of fl (Fermented juice (of grapes especially)) wine (Any of various juicy purple- or green-skinned fruit of the genus Vitis; grow in clusters) grape most frequently used in the production of (A region of northeastern France) Champagne.
		It is a mutation of Pinot Noir and gets its name (Meunier - meaning miller) from flour-like dusty white down on the underside of its leaves.
		It is one of the three main grapes used in the production of Champagne (the other two are the fl (Dry red California table wine made from purple Pinot grapes) Pinot Noir and the white (Dry white table wine resembling Chablis but made from Chardonnay grapes) Chardonnay).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pi/pinot_meunier.htm (305 words)

	Association of dwarfism and floral induction with a grape [lsquo]green revolution[rsquo] mutation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot Meunier, Pinot noir and Chardonnay are the only three cultivars authorized to be grown for champagne production; together the fl berry cultivars, Pinot Meunier and Pinot noir, represent 74% of the planted vines.
		Pinot Meunier is a cultivar of ancient origins and has long been considered a periclinal mutant of Pinot noir.
		Pinot Meunier is a very old cultivar and has been known since the 1500s (ref. 9).
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v416/n6883/full/416847a_r.html&filetype=&dynoptions= (2951 words)

	L. Mawby-Fine Leelanau Peninsula Sparkling Wines
		The vineyards today include the direct producer varieties vignoles and seyval and the vinifera varieties pinot noir, pinot gris, chardonnay, and pinot meunier.
		Pinot noir, pinot meunier, and chardonnay are the classic varieties of Champagne, and are used in varying combinations in nearly all of our sparklers.
		Pinot gris is a variety that once was grown in Champagne - we grow it because we like it in blends as it offers a 'roundness' of flavor that complements chardonnay.
	www.lmawby.com /learn/vineyards.asp (158 words)

	Pinot Noir - Champagne MUMM - Pinot Noir black grape (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot Noir (power) : The Pinot Noir grows principally on the Montagne de Reims, especially in the Grands Crus communes.
		Pinot Noir is also the grape variety of the red Grands Crus of Burgundy.
		Pinot Noir is sensitive to frost and prone to rot, preferring dry, light soils.
	www.mumm.com /EN/pinot-noir.html (121 words)

	What is Pinot Meunier? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot Meunier, like Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris, is one of the many variations of Pinot Noir.
		The name comes from the appearance of its leaf undersides, which look as though they've been dusted with flour (meunier is French for "miller").
		Pinot Meunier has a slightly higher natural acidity than Pinot Noir and gives some brightness and fruitiness to Champagne blends.
	www.californiachampagnes.com /pinot_meunier.html (69 words)

	The Wine News Magazine - Champagne's Gold Standard
		Pinot meunier was considered a workhorse grape that filled out blends with body if not finesse.
		Today pinot meunier accounts for nearly 35 percent of the vineyards in the region, making it a close second to pinot noir's 38 percent.
		The pinot noir from Aÿ is yellow-straw in color with medium bubbles, and shows spice aromas, as well as a stony, mineral flavor and hints of red fruit that balance on the long finish.
	www.thewinenews.com /decjan0102/cover.html (5587 words)

	Pinot Meunier - Appellation America
		Pinot Meunier’s heritage is traced to northern France, where it is particularly important in France’s Champagne region.
		Pinot Meunier is well suited to cool climates, as it buds later than Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
		In North America, Pinot Meunier can be found in New York State’s Finger Lakes region, where it is known as Black Riesling.
	www.appellationamerica.com /grapePage.aspx?grapeID=48 (273 words)

	BYOBguide.com : Featured Wine
		Pinot Noir is one of my favorite wines, and I recently bought multiple cases of various Pinot Noir wines to try.
		Pinot Meunier, which is French for miller, the powdery underside of the leaves that can look coated with flour is a cousin of the Pinot Noir grape.
		Growers of Pinot Meunier are few and far between outside of the Champagne region of France.
	www.byobguide.com /featured.php (347 words)

	Pinot Noir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Pinot blanc, pinot gris, (or as it is know in Italy, pinot grigio), and pinot meunier are examples of pinot noir mutants that have made a name for themselves.
		Pinot noir and pinot meunier are the two red varietals grown in Champagne.
		Pinot noir is grown in nearly every region of the wine growing world.
	www.redwhiteandrose.com /pinot.html (219 words)

	Chandon Pinot Meunier 2001 - 67 Wine and Liquor - Wine Online - Spirits and Wine Retailer
		Pinot Meunier (French for "miller," in reference to the powdery underside of its leaves that can look as though dusted with flour) is the soulful cousin of Pinot Noir that plays a small but vital role in the blending of Chandon sparkling wines.
		Rarely planted outside of the Champagne region in France where it represents significant acreage of that appellation, Pinot Meunier is being discovered by only a few of the most adventurous California winemakers.
		Chandon's experience growing Carneros Pinot Meunier for our sparkling wine programs over the past three decades gives us unique insight, allowing us to tap the full potential of this variety to create an exceptional red wine.
	www.67wine.com /142950 (209 words)

	Paul Marcus Wines December 2003 Newsletter
		In the Champagne appellation, 27% of the vineyards are planted with Chardonnay, 38% with Pinot Noir, and 35% with Pinot Meunier.
		Pinot Meunier is the easiest of three varietals to grow and contributes fruitiness and body to the finished wine.
		The Montagne de Reims, or the mountain of Reims, is planted mostly with the red grapes Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier.
	www.paulmarcuswines.com /newsletters/pmwnews_2003-12.html (3723 words)

	A Review of Méthode Champenoise Production
		There is a tendency for Pinot meunier to be replaced by Chardonnay or Pinot noir, both of which give greater yield and produce higher quality (Hardy, 1989).
		Pinot blanc, like the Pinot meunier used in France, ages more quickly than Chardonnay, yet adds fullness, body and length to the finish.
		Pinot blanc has a tendency to drop acid more quickly on the vine and, like Pinot meunier, usually has a lower titratable acidity than Chardonnay.
	www.ext.vt.edu /pubs/viticulture/463-017/463-017.html (14546 words)

	French - White: Champagne (Terranova Fine Wines - Online Wine Shop from Monterey, California)
		A blend of 50% Chardonnay, 40% Pinot Noir and 10% Pinot Meunier, the colour lives up to the name and is a bright salmon color.
		Blended from 90% red grapes (60% Pinot Noir and 30% Pinot Meunier) with a dollop (10%) of Chardonnay, this wine explodes in the glass with vivid aromas and flavors of raspberry, strawberry and red currents.
		This classically-styled, dry Champagne is a blend of two-thirds fl grapes (Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier) for body, balanced with one-third Chardonnay for elegance.
	www.terranovafinewines.com /index.cfm/French_Champagne.htm (960 words)

	Unusual Wine Labels - Varietals Page 14
		Pinot Meunier is widely grown in Champagne where it forms part of the blend, along with Chardonnay and Pinot Noir, that makes that eponymous sparkling wine.
		This is a very rare example of a varietal Pinot Meunier wine, made by Domaine Chandon in California.
		Meunier is one of numerous Pinot Noir mutations and gets its name from the flour like dusty white down on the underside of its leaves.
	www.winelabels.org /varietae.htm (733 words)

	Pinot Meunier
		Pinot Meunier, like Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris, is one of the many mutations of Pinot Noir.
		Pinot Meunier thusly avoid damage from early spring frosts or from coulure and can be more reliably productive than either Pinot Noir or Chardonnay in this regard.
		A little Meunier is planted in Australia, where it occasionally does appear as a varietal red, and also in California, used mostly as a component in sparkling wines.
	www.winepros.org /wine101/grape_profiles/meunier.htm (227 words)

	Champagnes M. Brugnon
		A blend of 50% Pinot Noir and 30 % Pinot Meunier extracted from grapes grown on 60% sand parcels in Ecueil and 40% clay/chalk parcels in Val de Marne with 20% Chardonnay reserve wine added for finesse.
		The Pinot Noir and Pinot Meunier grapes lend a golden straw color with hints of red fruit to this powerful bouquet.
		A blend of 65% Chardonnay and 35% Pinot Noir extracted from grapes grown on 65% chalk parcels and 45% sand parcels.
	www.champagne-brugnon.com /en/wines.htm (220 words)

	Wine Tidbits - A Short history of Pinot Noir
		Pinot Noir is one of the oldest vine grape varieties known and was named by the noble Pinot family after the pinecone shape of the grape bunches.
		Pinot Noir at The Gurdies has budburst at the end of September, veraison (when the grape changes from green to purple) end of January to early February and we harvest anywhere from the end of March in a hot season till the end of April in a cold season.
		Pinot Blanc in Australia is really Chardonnay while in the United States some Pinot Blanc has been identified as Melon de Bourgogne.
	www.uncork.com.au /tidbits13.htm (811 words)

	The Wine News Magazine - What's left to drink? PLENTY!
		The irony of the unheralded pinot meunier is that as long as the Champenois just let it do its work, it plays a major role in defining style and quality at several houses.
		Champagne Nicolas Feuillatte employs 40 percent pinot meunier, 40 percent pinot noir and 20 percent chardonnay in its non-vintage cuvée.
		Clicquot's non-vintage brut, popularly referred to as Yellow Label, is a pinot-intensive wine that averages 49 to 52 percent pinot noir, 29 to 32 percent chardonnay and 16 to 22 percent pinot meunier.
	www.thewinenews.com /decjan9900/cover.html (4738 words)

	Pacific Northwest Wine Cellar - Information about wine varietals of Oregon, Washington, Idaho and BC Wines
		Traditionally, French Champagne can only be made from Pinot noir, Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier grapes, which must be double-fermented by a process also taken from the region -- Méthode Champenoise." While Pinot noir, and Chardonnay are familiar varietals, Pinot Meunier (a red varietal used in Champagne) is not well known in the United States.
		Recently, pinot noir ice wines have been made by two Okanagan wineries, with a third winery planning to join their ranks with a 2001 release.
		Oregon Pinot gris is dry, light-bodied and lightly fruity, with an occasional toasty quality and sometimes even a hint of fizz to it.
	www.winesnw.com /winecel3.htm (3345 words)

	Mumm Champagne
		Pinot Noir, 25% Pinot Meunier and 30% Chardonnay.
		Made of 60% Pinot Noir, 18% Pinot Meunier, and 22% Chardonnay.
		Pinot Meunier, this round, rich, fruity Champagne finishes with subtle sweetness.
	www.lovethegrape.com /MummCuveeM.html (749 words)

	Strat's Place - Martin Field - Name the grape
		Pinot is related to the French for pine cone, so pinot noir could originally have meant, "the fl grapes with bunches shaped like pine cones." Meunier is French for miller and not surprisingly pinot meunier used to be known as Millers’ Burgundy in Rutherglen.
		Chardonnay, which used to be known as pinot chardonnay and sometimes pinot blanc, may derive from the village of Chardonnay in France’s Macon region.
		Interestingly, DNA testing at UCLA has shown that chardonnay is a hybrid descendant of the grapes pinot noir and the gouais blanc, so perhaps the chardonnay synonyms evolved from this ancient marriage.
	www.stratsplace.com /martin/name_the_grape.html (678 words)

	Pinot Meunier - Varietal Wines - Domaine Chandon Sparkling Wine and Napa Valley Restaurant, Vineyard, Still Wines and ...
		Pinot Meunier (French for “miller,” in reference to the powdery underside of its leaves that can look as though dusted with flour) is the soulful sibling of Pinot Noir that plays a small but vital role in the blending of Chandon sparkling wines.
		Rarely planted outside of the Champagne region in France where it represents significant acreage of that appellation, Pinot Meunier is being discovered by only a few of the most adventurous winemakers.
		Chandon’s experience growing Carneros Pinot Meunier for our sparkling wine programs over the past three decades gives us unique insight, allowing us to tap the full potential of this variety to create an exceptional red wine.
	www.chandon.com /wines/pinot_meunier.html (392 words)

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