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Topic: Pinscreen animation

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	Pinscreen animation \| Download Videos
		Pinscreen animation makes use of a screen filled with movable pins, which can be moved in or out by pressing an object onto the screen.
		The original pinscreen had 240,000 pins which were usually pressed with a small tool, one pin at a time or with other specialized instruments.
		According to Claire Parker, the images created by the pinscreen made it possible to make an animated movie which escaped from the flat, "comic" aspect of cel animation and plunged instead into the dramatic and the poetic by the exploitation of chiaroscuro, or shading effects.
	www.videos4download.com /movies/Pinscreen_animation.html (317 words)

	Animation - MSN Encarta
		Animation, motion pictures created by recording a series of still images—drawings, objects, or people in various positions of incremental movement—that when played back no longer appear individually as static images but combine to produce the illusion of unbroken motion.
		For instance, if the animator decides on an action that will take 3 seconds of animation to complete, he or she will have to create images to fill 72 frames of film (3 seconds of movement multiplied by a running speed of 24 frames per second).
		Pinscreen animation, a relatively unusual method, was developed in France by Russian-born Alexandre Alexeieff and American Claire Parker.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761567360/Animation.html (1217 words)

	Topics in Animation: The Pinscreen in the Era of the Digital Image
		To animate images on the pinscreen, an image is synthesized using several tools to manipulate groups of pins, on both surfaces, until the desired gray tones are achieved to form the picture.
		Now the general animation methodology in the digital pinscreen can be presented: given any number of digital pinscreen images (set of pin heights and colour, position and colour of light, colour of surfaces) the system calculates all the intermediate sets through any kind of interpolation (spline, linear, cinematic...) of the parameters that define a set.
		In the traditional pinscreen, there are normally two persons working: the one in the front surface (fs) is the main actuator (ma) and the other in the back surface (bs), the secondary actuator (sa), does adjustments and corrections in the heights of the pins.
	www.writer2001.com /lopes.htm (4822 words)

	Definition of Pinscreen animation
		Pinscreen animation makes use of a screen filled with movable pins, which can be moved in or out by pressing an object onto the screen.The screen is lit from the side so that the pins cast shadows.
		The original pinscreen had 240,000 pins which were usually pressed with a small tool, one pin at a time or with other specialized instruments.
		According to Claire Parker, the images created by the pinscreen made it possible to make an animated movie which escaped from the flat, "comic" aspect of cel animation and plunged instead into the dramatic and the poetic by the exploitation of chiaroscuro, or shading effects.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Pinscreen_animation (340 words)

	Animation - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Animation has been a part of cinema history from the time the first motion pictures were made in the late 1800s.
		Although dimensional animation techniques were used in the early years of filmmaking, American motion-picture studios soon determined that two-dimensional (flat) animation was best suited for the assembly-line techniques they had adopted to make the filmmaking process more efficient.
		Experiments with electronic animation began in the 1930s, but it was not until the late 1970s that computer animation became viable beyond scientific and government applications, particularly for use by the entertainment industry.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /text_761567360__1/Animation.html (3869 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Animated film
		Animation refers to the process in which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model (see claymation[?] and stop motion), and then photographing the result.
		Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process.
		Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/an/Animated_film?title=Claymation (474 words)

	BT Research - Animation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The characters are usually cartoony, and the animators have a lot of artistic freedom as rubber hose animations don't have to follow the laws of physics and anatomy in the same degree as the other main styles in animation.
		Stop-motion animation is any type of animation which requires the animator to physically alter the scene, shoot a frame, again alter the scene and shoot a frame and so on, to create the animation.
		In this type of stop-motion animation, the animation is formed by moving 2-dimensional pieces of material such as paper or cloth.
	www.breathittteens.com /research.php?title=Animation (1471 words)

	Animation
		Animation refers to the process in which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model (see claymation[?] and stop motion), and then photographing the result.
		Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process.
		Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/an/Animation.html (449 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Animation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pinscreen animation makes use of a screen filled with movable pins, which can be moved in or out by pressing an object onto the screen.
		The use of computer animation as a way of achieving the otherwise impossible in conventionally shot movies has led to the term "computer generated imagery" being used, though the term has become hard to distinguish from computer animation as it is now used in referring to 3D movies that are entirely animated.
		Animation is also celebrated as an artform (sometimes it receives government funding; this was especially common in Eastern Europe in the Communist era), and is showcased in many film festivals worldwide.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Animation (4420 words)

	Animated cartoon Information
		An animated cartoon is a short, hand-drawn (or made with computers to look similar to something hand-drawn) moving picture for the cinema, television or computer screen, featuring some kind of story or plot (even if it is a very short one).
		The phenakistoscope, zoetrope and praxinoscope, as well as the common flip book, were early animation devices to produce movement in drawings using technological means, but animation did not really develop much further until the advent of motion picture film.
		The legendary animation director Tex Avery was the producer of the first Raid "Kills Bugs Dead" commercials in 1966, which were very successful for the company.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Animated_cartoon (1527 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One variation of clay animation is strata-cut animation in which a long bread-like loaf of clay, internally packed tight and loaded with varying imagery, is sliced into thin sheets, with the camera taking a frame of the end of the loaf for each cut, eventually revealing the movement of the internal images within.
		Stop motion animation is essential for model animation which is the process of animating realistic-looking articulated models designed to be combined with live action footage to create the illusion of a a real-world fantasy sequence.
		Pinscreen animation consists of thousands (or even millions) of pins evenly placed on a screen, able to be pushed and/or pulled through the screen, from both sides of the screen.
	www.gamecheatz.net /games.php?title=Stop_motion (3673 words)

	Animation , Art Links Gallery
		A common time-saving practice is to film animation on twos or on threes, meaning that the animator actually uses one image for two or three frames of film in a row, rather than using each image only once.
		If an animator is using drawings, one of the most common animation techniques, he or she will first create a series of rough sketches that often will be filmed in a pencil test to determine whether the desired motion has been achieved.
		The pinscreen (also known as a pinboard, or by its official French name, l'écran d'épingles) is composed of a large upright frame containing a white plate that is perforated by millions of pins, or nails.
	www.latifm.com /art_links_animation.htm (3568 words)

	Traditional animation
		Editing the film at the animatic stage prevents the animation of scenes that would be edited out of the film; as traditional animation is a very expensive and time-consuming process, creating scenes that will eventually be edited out of the completed cartoon is strictly avoided.
		In the traditional animation process, animators will begin by drawing sequences of animation on sheets of paper perforated to fit the peg bars in their desks, often using colored pencils, one picture or "frame" at a time.
		Effects animators animate anything that moves and is not a character, including props, vehicles, machinery and phenomena such as fire, rain, and explosions.
	www.cartoonnetwork.tiptophot.com /Traditional_animation.html (4402 words)

	Animation information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cel animation, developed by Bray and Hurd in the 1910s, sped up the process by using transparent overlays so that characters could be moved without the need to repaint the background for every frame.
		The use of computer animation as a way of achieving the otherwise impossible in conventionally shot movies has led to the term "computer generated imagery" being used, though the term has become hard to distinguish from computer animation as it is now used in referring to 3D movies that are entirely animated.
		The "classic" form of animation, the "animated cartoon", as developed in the early 1900s and refined by Ub Iwerks, Walt Disney and others, requires up to 24 distinct drawings for one second of animation.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Animation (1132 words)

	Pinscreen animation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pinscreen animation makes use of a screen filled with movable pins, which can be moved in or out by pressing an object onto the screen.The screen is lit from the side so that the pins cast shadows.
		The original pinscreen had 240,000 pins which were usually pressed with a small tool, one pin at a time or with other specialized instruments.
		Animation jobs may still be found in the quieter but not forgotten field of cartoon animation.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Pinscreen_animation.html (746 words)

	Animation research paper \| English 203: Introduction to Research for Professional Writers (Site not responding. Last check: )
		However, this method of producing animation was slow, and from this the modern animation studio, where animations were produced almost in an assembly line process, came to be.
		Cutout animation is used to produce animation using flat cardboard or paper cut outs of the characters and backgrounds in the film.
		Scantimate, no longer used in animation, is the name of an analog computer system that was developed created in the early 1960s and used throughout that time until the 1980s when it was outdated by digital computer animation which was faster and created clearer images.
	virtualparlor.org /blakesley1/node/247.html (1535 words)

	Pinscreen animation at AllExperts
		Pinscreen animation makes use of a screen filled with movable pins, which can be moved in or out by pressing an object onto the screen.
		According to Claire Parker, the images created by the pinscreen made it possible to make an animated movie which escaped from the flat, "comic" aspect of cel animation and plunged instead into the dramatic and the poetic by the exploitation of chiaroscuro, or shading effects.
		One animator who remains involved in pinscreen animation to this day is the National Film Board's Jacques Drouin.
	en.allexperts.com /e/p/pi/pinscreen_animation.htm (433 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - The Production Process of Animation - A418718
		Animation is the art of creating motion pictures by recording a series of still images.
		Animation is a very tedious process no matter what the technique, because of the brutal fact that there must be twenty-four frames for each second of the film.
		Animators using this technique would use a pinscreen, which is a large upright frame containing a white plate.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/classic/A418718 (1092 words)

	Reference Library: Animation
		Computer animation has advanced rapidly, and is now approaching the point where movies can be created with characters so life-like as to be hard to distinguish from real actors.
		This is because a significant part of the craft of animation concerns the artistic choices that an animator makes, and of which a computer is incapable.
		Animation is also celebrated as an artform (sometimes it receives government funding; this was especially common in Eastern Europe in the Communist era), and is showcased in many film festivals worldwide.
	www.bigartspace.co.uk /gallery/reference/Animation.aspx (869 words)

	Pinscreen - Focus on Animation - ONF
		The pinscreen consists of a white screen pierced by hundreds of thousands of pins that can slide back and forth, each in its own hole.
		NFB animators continued to be interested in the pinscreen, and in 1968, musician Maurice Blackburn, one of McLaren's regular collaborators, made a brief foray into directing with a short experimental film titled Ciné-crime.
		By this time, the NFB had acquired a full-sized pinscreen, and the two artists gave workshops to train a group of filmmakers.
	www.nfb.ca /animation/objanim/en/techniques/pinscreen.php (444 words)

	Alexandre Alexeieff pinscreen animations (Videos with Bibi)
		Une nuit sur le mont chauve, aka Night on Bald Mountain, (1933): directed by Alexander Alexeieff and Claire Parker, inspired and with excerpts of Modest Mussorgsky's composition A Night on the Bare Mountain, and a short story based on a Slavic fairy tale by Gogol.
		A short pinscreen animation showing the adventures of a squirrel in a farm.
		The animation of the prologue scenes was directed by Alexander Alexeieff, based on Franz Kafka short story "Before the Law" (read it).
	www.bibi.vlog.br /archive/2007/07/alexandre_alexeieff_pinscreen_animations.html (495 words)

	Pinscreen user manual
		Pinscreen doesn't have much settings, but with this manual everything should be clear.
		Only frames beetween these two settings will be used to create pinscreen animation
		Number of frames that will be processed to create pinscreen animation
	www.pxfactory.eu /scripts/pinsman/pinsman.html (489 words)

	eBay Themes: Animation
		The eBay Animation Themes page is your one-stop shop to find anything related to animation.
		Whether you're a professional animator looking for the right tools or on your way to becoming one, eBay has the largest selection of animation software and materials to help.
		Find animation sounds and music in the form of CDs, tapes and records to help add life to your works.
	pages.ebay.com /theme/animation.html (263 words)

	Close-Up Film Filmmaking (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Well okay, but most of this animation on TV is aimed at kids, generally poorly made, rarely full motion but ideal for parents to dump their young ones in front of the set for a few hours.
		The depiction of human characters continues to challenge digital animators, but, in many ways, the most significant triumphs of this artform are the bold, imaginative ways that new rules are being written to depict space, environments and the relationships objects have with eachother.
		Animated Documentary showcase - After the success of last years programme, LIAF brings back the series in 2005 with a diverse offering ranging from recreation of the Parthenon to the personal tales of people suffering from mental illness to a series of interviews with people who firmly believe they have been abducted by aliens.
	www.close-upfilm.com /features/Filmmaking/liaf.htm (1727 words)

	Bambooweb: Animation
		Graphics file formats like GIF, MNG and Flash allow animation to be viewed on a computer or over the Internet.
		The first animated feature-length film was El Apóstol (1917) from Argentine Quirino Cristiani, shown in Argentina.
		Because the history of animation as an art form has undergone many changes in its hundred-year history, it is examined in detail in the History of animation series.
	www.bambooweb.com /articles/A/n/Animation.html (447 words)

	Film Animation generated by computer Drawn or with 3D model (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Animation refers to the process in which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model (see claymation - and stop motion), and then photographing the result.
		Generating such a film is very labor intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly sped up the process.
		Because animation is very time - consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios.
	www.cinemateca.org /movies/animation.htm (462 words)

	Wikinfo \| Animation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The firsts animated cartoon was from french Émile Reynaud, that created praxynoscope, animation system of 12 pictures, and films of about 500~600 pictures, projected on its own théatre optique, system near from modern film projector, at Musée Grévin in Paris, France, the october 28, 1892.
		The first animated cartoon on modern picture film projector was Fantasmagorie by the French director Émile Courtet (also called Émile Cohl), projected for the first time August 17, 1908 at 'Théâtre du Gymnase', in Paris.
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=animation (565 words)

	That's Plenty: Animation Archives
		The animation is by Sanrio of herro kitty fame, but it's animated in a traditional 'western' style.
		More info on pinscreen animation and this peice here.
		Apparently Weird Al is having the most amazing animators ever illustrate all the videos for his new album, "Straight Outta Linwood." The video for "Close but No Cigar" is animated with disgustingly sexy vigor by John Kricfalusi, the creator of Ren and Stimpy!
	www.thatsplenty.com /animation (1506 words)

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