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Topic: Pinus classification

	The Application of Remote Sensing to the Inventory of White Pine (Pinus Strobus L.) in Eastern Ohio, Research ...
		This first application in Ohio of remote sensing and GIS technology to inventory a forest species for forest management and utilization purposes was successful, providing useful information and forming the foundation for further refinements of the technology.
		This initial classification of land area into conifer or non-conifer saved much time compared to working with aerial photographs and performing the field work that would have been required with more traditional inventory methods.
		Karteris (1990) used a six-band combination of Landsat TM data to achieve classification accuracies for individual stands of conifers ranging from 79.7 percent for Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to 88.7 percent for Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.).
	ohioline.osu.edu /rb1194/rb1194_5.html (720 words)

	Library of Congress Classification Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The classification was originally developed by Herbert Putnam with the advice of Charles Ammi Cutter in 1897 before he assumed the librarianship of Congress.
		It was influenced by Cutter Expansive Classification, DDC, and was designed for the use by the Library of Congress.
		It has been criticized as lacking a sound theoretical basis; many of the classification decisions were driven by the particular practical needs of that library, rather than considerations of epistemological elegance.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Library_of_Congress_Classification.html (416 words)

	Standardized National Vegetation Classification System: A Standard National Vegetation Classification System
		Although the classification units are defined by vegetation only, the concept of a community as an ecological unit includes all the biological and physical diversity associated with that specific vegetation type.
		Problematic classifications and high-priority elements are targeted as a focus for future data acquisition and quantitative analyses to refine the classification of these types.
		Classification is based on qualitative assessment of published field data or field data that are of questionable quality, that include limited numbers of samples, or have not been quantitatively analyzed.
	biology.usgs.gov /npsveg/classification/sect5.html (7020 words)

	botany/pinus
		Pinus is the botanical name for the Pine tree.
		The leaves of seedling trees and up to a year or two are soft and produced singly surrounding the shoot.
		The sheath varies in length, and in some kinds may fall soon after the leaves form, or may remain until the leaves fall, which may be from 2 to 5 years.
	www.botany.com /pinus.html (1351 words)

	Pinus ponderosa description
		The classification used here is sufficiently distinctive that it has not yet received formal description, but it does represent the fruits of considerable scholarship conducted by Lauria (10, 11, 12) and Frankis (previously unpublished).
		Taxonomy, systematics, and phylogeny of Pinus, subsection Ponderosae Loudon (Pinaceae).
		Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson is then neotypified with authentic material (an ovuliferous cone) discovered in a historical collection of conifer cones surviving at the Natural History Museum in Vienna, Austria (W).
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/earle/pi/pin/ponderosa.htm (1109 words)

	Chapter 14: Systematics
		An alternative classification that utilizes molecular techniques (isozyme analysis and DNA sequencing) in addition to the traditional characteristics is presented by Nickrent (see table 15.2).
		Arceuthobium apachecum is a parasite of Pinus strobiformis in southern Arizona and central New Mexico, with an outlying population in the Sierra del Carmen in northern Coahuila, Mexico.
		Arceuthobium monticola occurs principally on Pinus monticola and is endemic to the Sisykiyou and Klamath Mountains in northern California and southern Oregon, respectively.
	www.rmrs.nau.edu /publications/ah_709/ch14.html (6397 words)

	Pinus classification - Biocrawler
		There are three main subgenera of Pinus, the subgenus Strobus (White pines or soft pines), the subgenus Ducampopinus (Pinyon, Bristlecone and Lacebark pines), and the subgenus Pinus (Typical pines, or yellow or hard pines).
		This classification into the three subgenera is based on cone, seed and leaf characters:
		In general, cone and cone scale and seed morphology and leaf fascicle and sheath morphology are emphasized and this seems to result in a classification that has subsections of pines that are understandable and usually readily recognized by their general appearance.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Pinus_classification (125 words)

	Pinus description
		The portion of the cone scale that is exposed before the mature cone opens is thickened and is called the umbo; it may be unarmed, or armed with a spine or prickle; and it may be formed into a woody pyramid called an apophysis.
		The number of leaves per fascicle, the length of needles, the number of sides of the needles (only Pinus monophylla has a round needle), the distribution of stomata (waxy white specks on the leaf surface), and the color and stiffness of the needles can all be useful characters for identification.
		In many areas Pinus is a forest dominant, either early successional or longer-lived, persisting in the late successional forest.
	www.conifers.org /pi/pin/index.htm (2898 words)

	Species: Pinus serotina
		Due to pond pine's late pollination season, hybridization with pitch pine and longleaf pine is rare [24]; however, hybridization with loblolly pine is common throughout southern Delaware [64].
		Pond pine (Pinus serotina) was the dominant overstory tree on the burn, averaging 1,250 stems/acre (3,100/ha).
		Bark and cambium characteristics of pond pine (Pinus serotina Mich.) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) with special reference to pine hardness.
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/pinser/all.html (7792 words)

	Blank Page for Format (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first formal system of biological classification was developed by Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, who virtually invented the science of logic.
		For 2,000 years, such classification was part of that system.
		The broadest classification unit is the "Kingdom." At first, there were only two: the Plant Kingdom and the Animal Kingdom.
	www.einsteins-emporium.com /life/animal-info/biological_classification.htm (417 words)

	Chapter 6: Host Relationships
		These susceptibility classifications are defined in table 6.1, and were devised by Hawksworth and Wiens (1972).
		The susceptibility classification (table 6.1) is not a measure of the frequency with which a host species may be infested over its geographical distribution.
		Host susceptibility classification is usually based on direct field observations; for those cases where data are lacking, we classified taxa on the basis of our field experience.
	www.rmrs.nau.edu /publications/ah_709/ch06.html (1957 words)

	Pine (Site not responding. Last check: )
		[[Loblolly Pine (''Pinus taeda''): male cones]] Pines are mostly monoecious, having the male and female cones on the same tree, though a few species are sub-dioecious with individuals predominantly, but not wholly, single-sex.
		The male Cones are small, typically 1-5 cm long, and only present for a short period (usually in spring, though autumn in a few pines), falling as soon as they have shed their pollen.
		Commercial planting of young Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris) Pines are commercially among the most important of species used for timber in temperate and Tropical regions of the world.
	pine.borgfind.com (1293 words)

	PINE : Encyclopedia Entry
		Pines are coniferous trees of the genus Pinus, in the family Pinaceae.
		Pinus radiata - Monterey Pine or Radiata Pine
		Pines are commercially among the most important of species used for timber and wood pulp in temperate and tropical regions of the world.
	bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Pine (1306 words)

	Maryland Vegetation Classification: Table of Contents
		Pinus taeda / Liquidambar styraciflua - Acer rubrum var.
		Pinus taeda / Morella cerifera / Osmunda regalis var.
		Pinus taeda - Nyssa biflora - Taxodium distichum / Morella cerifera / Osmunda regalis var.
	www.dnr.state.md.us /wildlife/Md_Veg_Com/toc.asp (1878 words)

	Comprehensive Report Association - Pinus palustris - Pinus (echinata, taeda) - Quercus (incana, margarettiae, falcata, ...
		Pinus palustris - Pinus (echinata, taeda) - Quercus (incana, margarettiae, falcata, laevis) Woodland
		Classification Comments: This association is a former placeholder from the former Pinus palustris - Pinus (echinata, taeda) - Quercus (incana, margarettiae, falcata, laevis) Forest Alliance (A.397).
		Pinus palustris - Pinus (echinata, taeda) / Quercus (marilandica, laevis) / Schizachyrium scoparium Woodland
	www.natureserve.org /explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchCommunityUid=ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.686586 (1314 words)

	Gardening Helper : Pinus (Site not responding. Last check: )
		As a tall specimen tree nothing is more graceful than the Corsican Pine (Pinus Laricio).
		Pinus Strobus Nana is a curious dwarf variety, rarely exceeding 3 ft. in height.
		The Pinus may be increased by layers, or by sowing the cones in spring, after they have opened out, in rather sandy soil, covering them lightly.
	www.gardeninghelper.com /pinus.html (112 words)

	CPD; Central America regional overview
		The Central American region is a land bridge connecting North America and South America, extending diagonally from north-west to south-east and separating the Pacific Ocean from the Caribbean Sea.
		This biotope is characterized by the presence of Pinus caribaea var.
		In addition to considering the amount of land designated for protected areas and the classification of the areas into categories of management objectives and use, it is essential to consider the effectiveness of administration and enforcement for protected areas.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /botany/projects/cpd/ma/macentral.htm (8395 words)

	Land Cover Maps; Land Cover (GAP) 1988 - 1991, Metadata; \| NV Geospatial Data Browser \| US EPA (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Primary associated tree species include mountain hemlock Tsuga mertensiana, and whitebark pine Pinus albicaulis in the upper elevation zones and red fir Abies magnifica, western white pine Pinus monticola, whitebark pine Pinus albicaulis, white fir Abies concolor and jeffry pine Pinus jeffreyi, in the lower elevation zones.
		Primary associated tree species include pinyon pinus monophylla., mountain mahogany Cercocarpus ledifolius, limber pine Pinus flexilis, white fir Abies concolor, subalpine fir Abies lasiocarpa, engelmann spruce Picea engelmannii, ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa, lodgepole pine Pinus contortus, whitebark pine Pinus albicaulis and jeffry pine Pinus jeffreyi.
		Primary associated tree species include pinyon Pinus monophylla, juniper juniperus osteosperma, mountain mahogany Cercocarpus ledifolius, aspen Populus tremuloides, white fir Abies concolor, limber pine Pinus flexilis, ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa, subalpine fir Abies lasiocarpa and engelmann spruce Picea engelmannii.
	www.epa.gov /esd/land-sci/nv_geospatial/pages/nvgeo_gis1_gap_1991_md.htm (6921 words)

	Taxonomy Overview
		Classification is something that we do every day, probably every waking hour.
		Knowledge of trees and their characteristics is essential in fields such as forestry, wildlife management, ecology, arboriculture, landscaping, and others.
		Pinus ponderosa, means a large pine tree in Latin.
	www.for.nau.edu /courses/for212/taxonomy.htm (1787 words)

	info: Pinus_classification (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Pinus classification: Information from Answers.comPinus classification There are three main subgenera of Pinus, the subgenus Strobus (White pines or...
		Pinus contorta - Columbia Encyclopedia article about Pinus contortalodgepole pine, common name for the pine ponderosa pine or western yellow pine (P. ponderosa...
		Pinus californiarum - definition of Pinus californiarum by the Free...
	www.napoli-pizza.net /Pinus_classification.html (619 words)

	Comprehensive Report Association - Quercus alba - Quercus falcata - (Pinus taeda) / Gaylussacia frondosa Forest
		Classification Comments: (Pinus taeda) - Quercus falcata / Gaylussacia frondosa Forest (CEGL006169) has been archived and incorporated into this type by Gary Fleming.
		The overstory of mid- to late-successional stands is dominated by a mixture of oaks, such as Quercus alba, Quercus falcata, and Quercus velutina.
		The relative cover of Pinus taeda is likely related to disturbance history, with higher pine cover suggesting more recent disturbance.
	www.natureserve.org /explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchCommunityUid=ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.689304 (1767 words)

	Land Cover Descriptors
		The forest is dominated by Pinus elliottii var.
		The resulting classifications tended to consistently detect broad-leaved dominated swamp forest, but not differentiate deciduous from evergreen.
		Sandhill Ecological Complex: Sandhill ecosystems are characterized by longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), a few xeriphytic oaks (Quercus incana, Q. geminata, Q. laevis), and a wiregrass/sporobolus understory on sand.
	www.wec.ufl.edu /coop/gap/descriptors.htm (2475 words)

	Classification of Pinus patula, P. tecunumanii, P. oocarpa, P. caribaea var. hondurensis, and Related ...
		Classification of Pinus patula, P. tecunumanii, P. oocarpa, P. caribaea var.
		Typical Pinus patula populations occurring in areas north and west of Oaxaca, Mexico, had very high proportions of 3-phellandrene and low proportions of other constituents.
		Pinus patula, P. tecunumanii, P. oocarpa, P. caribaea var.
	www.srs.fs.usda.gov /pubs/821 (665 words)

	Pinus Project - Species ID
		The most common Pinus species found on campus is the Aleppo pine (Pinus halapensis), followed by the Mondel or Afgan pine (Pinus eldarica).
		It is only after they reach full maturity that the shape of the halapensis changes, creating many different structural canopy shapes, and classification becomes easier.
		Pinus eldarica maintains a Christmas tree structure after maturity, as seen in the photo above.
	ag.arizona.edu /arboretum/pinusproject/species_id.html (166 words)

	AllRefer - Species: Rocky Mountain Bristlecone Pine \| Pinus aristata > Species:
		Trees associated with this species are limber pine (Pinus flexilis), white fir (Abies concolor), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), pinyon pine (P. edulis), subalpine fir (A. lasiocarpa), aspen (Populus tremuloides), and Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus osteosperma) [11].
		Baker, William L. A preliminary classification of the natural vegetation of Colorado.
		Krebs, Paula V. Dendrochronology of bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata Engelm.) in Colorado.
	reference.allrefer.com /wildlife-plants-animals/plants/tree/pinari/all.html (2483 words)

	Brooklyn Botantic Garden: Plant Records
		Haddow, W. Distribution and occurrence of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) at the northern limit of their range in Ontario J. Arnold Arbor.
		McWilliam, J. The role of the micropyle in the pollination of Pinus Bot.
		Meilleur, A.; Brisson, J.; Bouchard, A. Ecological analysis of the northernmost population of pitch pine (Pinus rigida) Canad.
	www.bbg.org /cgi/biblio/refquery.cgi?Pinus (8977 words)

	Section C. Gymnosperm Glossary
		Cluster of needles borne on a minute determinate short shoot in the axil of a primary leaf (bract); e.g., Pinus.
		Spring shoot developing from the terminal winter bud and producing 2 or more whorls of branches; the cones are partly lateral in the middle of the shoot; e.g., Pinus echinata.
		Spring shoot developing from the terminal winter bud and producing only one internode with one whorl of branches at the end; the cones are subterminal at the end of the shoot; e.g., Pinus resinosa.
	www.ibiblio.org /botnet/oldglossary/c_ab.html (467 words)

	Amazon.com: pinus: Books (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Volume tables for Pinus patula, Pinus elliottii and Pinus taeda in the eastern districts of Rhodesia (Research bulletin / Rhodesia Forestry Commission) by M. J PrevoÌst (Unknown Binding - 1971)
		Genetics of Pinus peuce gris =: Genetik der Pinus peuce gris (Anali za sumarstvo) by Niko Popnikola (Unknown Binding - 1978)
		Allozyme differentiation and biosystematics of the Californian closed-cone pines (Pinus subsect.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=pinus&tag=540-20&index=books&link_code=qs&page=24 (537 words)

	Essential Oils Botanical Classification
		The binomial (‘two stage naming’) system gives a precise classification of the particular plant, and these classifications are to be found Linnaeus’s two definitive original works: Genera plantarum and Species plantarum.
		The botanist’s name is important because for example, the Arolla pine tree was classifed as Pinus montana Lamark (syn.
		Pinus cembra L.) whereas Pinus montana (Miller) is now taken as syn Pinus mugo Turra – the Mountain Pine.
	www.naha.org /articles/oils_classification.htm (1462 words)

	[No title]
		Finnish forests are also categorised according to the forest type classification developed by A.K. Cajander.
		The system is based on the fact that the competition between species and their different requirements lead to the development of a unified vegetation or forest type in each type of habitat.
		Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is the dominant tree species in 65 percent of tree stands.
	www.forest.fi /smyforest/foresteng.nsf/allbyid/BE3C5576C911F822C2256F3100418AFD?Opendocument (541 words)

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