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Topic: Pipe Creek Sinkhole

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	Pipe Creek Sinkhole
		Since the ancient sinkhole was first uncovered, researchers have discovered abundant plant and animal remains, including those of camels, bears, frogs, snakes, turtles and several previously unknown species of rodents.
		The collapse of one of these caves created the Pipe Creek Sinkhole, a water-filled depression that attracted an amazing diversity of animals in the Pliocene Epoch, 7 to 2 million years ago, the last of the five epochs of the Tertiary Period.
		The sinkhole today is exposed in the Pipe Creek Junior Quarry, operated by Irving Materials, Inc., near Swayzee in Grant County (see map).
	www.angelfire.com /in4/earthpages/pipe_creek.html (1718 words)

	Sinkhole Encyclopedia Article @ Befell.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A sinkhole, also known as a sink, shakehole, swallow hole, doline (in the Slovene language dolina means valley) or water main, is a natural depression or hole in the surface topography caused by the removal of soil or bedrock, often both, by water.
		Sinkholes may vary in size from less than a meter to several hundred meters in diameter and depth, and vary in form from soil-lined bowls to bedrock-edged chasms.
		In the case of exceptionally large sinkholes, such as Cedar Sink at Alpena, Michigan sinkholes, a edit or river may be visible across its bottom flowing from one side to the other.
	www.befell.org /encyclopedia/Sinkhole (610 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Pipe Creek Sinkhole
		Pipe Creek Sinkhole near Swayzee in Grant County, Indiana, is one of the most important paleontological sites in the interior of the eastern half of North America.
		Uncovered in 1996 by workers at the Pipe Creek Junior limestone quarry, the sinkhole has yielded a diverse array of fossils from the Pliocene epoch dating back five million years.
		Pipe Creek Sinkhole, however, was buried by the glaciers and the debris they left, making it the only known Pliocene example in the central part of the eastern half of the continent.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Pipe_Creek_Sinkhole (501 words)

	Sinkhole Summary
		Sinkholes occur worldwide, and in the United States are common in southern Indiana, southwestern Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Florida.
		Sinkholes are one of the main landforms in karst topography, so named for the region in Yugoslavia where solution features such as caves, caverns, disappearing streams and hummocky terrain predominate.
		Sinkholes often form in low areas where they form drainage outlets for an closed local surface drainage basin.
	www.bookrags.com /Sinkhole (1503 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A sinkhole, also known as a sink, shakehole, swallow hole, doline (in the Slovene language dolina means valley) or cenote, is a natural depression or hole in the surface topography caused by the removal of soil or bedrock, often both, by water.
		In the case of exceptionally large sinkholes, such as Cedar Sink at Mammoth Cave National Park, a stream or river may be visible across its bottom flowing from one side to the other.
		Sinkholes may capture surface drainage for running or a standing water, but may also form in currently high and dry locations.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=sinkhole (406 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Sinkhole
		Sinkholes, also known as sinks, shakeholes, swallow holes or dolina (in the Slovene language dolina means valley), and cenotes, are a feature of landscapes that are based on limestone bedrock.
		Sinkholes often form in low areas where they form drainage outlets for a running or a standing water.
		Sinkholes have for centuries been used as disposal sites for various forms of waste.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Sinkhole (451 words)

	Division of Water - Selected Projects - Brush Creek Reservoir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Brush Creek Reservoir was constructed in 1953 to provide supplemental water supply for the Muscatatuck State Developmental Center (MSDC) and the City of North Vernon, as well as providing a recreational asset for the area.
		Limitation: The outlet pipe is only two feet in diameter in a watershed with a 14 square mile area and with high overland flow rates.
		Water from Brush Creek Reservoir is used as the backup water supply for the City of North Vernon and the MSDC.
	www.in.gov /dnr/water/comm_assistance/selected/brushcreek/index.html (2999 words)

	Pipe Creek Sinkhole - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pipe Creek Sinkhole in 2003 The sinkhole is the vegetated area at left.)
		Farlow, James O. and Anne Argast, Preservation of Fossil Bone from the Pipe Creek Sinkhole (Late Neogene, Grant County, Indiana U.S.A.), Journal of the Paleontological Society of Korea, 22(1):51-75, 2006.
		Farlow, James O. et al., The Pipe Creek Sinkhole Biota, a Diverse Late Tertiary Continental Fossil Assemblage from Grant County, Indiana.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pipe_Creek_Sinkhole (657 words)

	Lobos Creek2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		It runs along the creek, until the water is detoured under a private structure and emerges inelegantly onto Baker Beach from a drain pipe.
		The creek is also famous for a 1995 incident which made it known as "the place where the house fell in".
		When part of one of the Creek's banks fell and blocked the creek, the sand was removed and used to build the dunes.
	members.aol.com /skkato/Creek.html (877 words)

	sinkhole
		Sinkholes occur mainly along bedrock escarpments underlying the swales, which are located along an easterly-trending transverse fracture and a series of strike- parallel fractures which intersect with it.
		Sinkhole and storm sampling was only implemented twice during the first year of the study due to the lack of precipitation events.
		Sinkhole alignments were correlated with dye traces in 23 major spring basins in the study area.
	home.wlu.edu /~blackmerh/scilib/sinkhole.html (8701 words)

	The Pipe Creek Sinkhole Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		James O. Farlow is the project director for research on the Pipe Creek Sinkhole.
		Anthony Swinehart is coordinator of botanical studies for the Pipe Creek Sinkhole research.
		Jack Sunderman from the Department of Geosciences at IPFW is project co-director and is coordinating geological studies on the Pipe Creek Sinkhole.
	www.hillsdale.edu /academics/fac7294423.asp (313 words)

	Sinkhole near school in South Carolina - Sinkhole Forums
		The pavement on U.S. 278 collapsed early Wednesday because of a pipe leak beneath the roadway, stalling traffic until the highway was closed from Folly Field Road to Cracker Barrel restaurant on Thursday.
		The sinkhole is between a lake in ***** on one side and the **** on the other.
		The lake was drained Saturday and a dam was built around the pipe on the **** side of the sinkhole**.
	www.sinkhole.org /forum/showthread.php?t=23 (469 words)

	You Should Know Bulletins
		For years, HDPE pipe manufacturers have been telling the engineering community that “generally, no post construction inspection is necessary” or “mandrels should be considered a last resort to evaluating the installation.
		A recent HDPE pipe collapse resulted in a dog becoming stuck in the pipe and having to be rescued by firemen.
		On June 7, 1996, a 21-year-old metal culvert used to convey Kankapot Creek beneath an Outagamie County road in Wisconsin collapsed, caving in a section of road near the town of Kaukanuna.
	www.concrete-pipe.org /ysk.htm (2405 words)

	Carolina Morning News on the Web \| Local News - Finally, on the road again... 09/22/00
		Two six-foot pipes were replaced Wednesday and two extra crews worked throughout the night to refill the hole.
		The pipes had been leaking for about two years and another sinkhole had opened in the same spot about a year before.
		Eventually the hollow area around the pipes collapsed and one of the pipes caved in during repairs.
	www.lowcountrynow.com /stories/092200/LOCsinkhole.shtml (685 words)

	Sinkhole worries some drivers \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Signs describing the Forester Creek project are posted about four blocks before the hole, and a blinking arrow warns drivers to merge left.
		However, because the sinkhole was unexpected, the city has not painted the new lanes yet.
		After the sinkhole is filled in and paved over, the restricted lanes will be painted and the one-year clock will start ticking on the Forester Creek project.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20060728/news_2m28sinkhole.html (413 words)

	Newport News-Times: Sinkhole, pipe troubles result in sewage spill
		Over 25 feet deep, it leads to a sewer pipe that broke open, through which rocks and sand have moved into the pipeline system, blocking inflow to the city's main pump station at NW 3rd Street.
		A cascade of pipe problems in Newport, originating by the Washington Federal Savings Bank near NW 5th St on Highway 101, led the city Wednesday to divert untreated sewage from the pump station at NW 3rd Street out through Nye and Big creeks to the beach and ocean.
		This most recent sinkhole, in the same location as the first, was perhaps 10 feet by 15 feet in size, its bottom not visible without crossing the yellow hazard tape around it.
	www.newportnewstimes.com /articles/2006/02/03/news/news03.txt (1201 words)

	d12-15
		A sinkhole at ~EMP 3.76 on Aqueduct Access Rd. A was being.
		At Stream Crossing #4 (EMP 9.03) tie-in of the pipe in the bore to the main line occurred on the east side from EMP 9.04 to 9.07.
		A segment that was skipped from EMP 17.73 to 17.68 has been trench, pipe has been placed and welding is under way.
	www.cpuc.ca.gov /Environment/info/aspen/pacpipeline/PP-MMCRP/woframe/webinfo/progress/d12-15.htm (600 words)

	Animals of the Pipe Creek Sinkhole (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Another rich group of vertebrates at the Pipe Creek Sinkhole are the snakes.
		Among the most spectacular vertebrates recovered from the Pipe Creek Sinkhole is the extinct rhinoceros, Teleoceras.
		Invertebrate fossils at the Pipe Creek Sinkhole include a few internal molds of gastropods, some partial beetle elytra, and a number of species of ostracods.
	www.hillsdale.edu /academics/fac0555791.asp (451 words)

	Links
		Pipe Creek Local Fauna - Significant because it is so similar in age, geographically close to our site, yet has a different faunal composition.
		Home Page created by the Botanist working on the site Pipe Creek Sinkhole - created by some of the Ed McDonald and Mike Walter with the help of Jim Farlow.
		This "fossil" sinkhole was discovered in 1931 and contains early Miocene horses, reptiles, bats, and many others.
	www.etsu.edu /grayfossilsite/Links (419 words)

	Pipe Creek Sinkhole at Indiana Find Localities: S: Swayzee: Pipe Creek Sinkhole
		Home : Localities : S : Swayzee : Pipe Creek Sinkhole
		Information about a Sinkhole that contains a diverse assemblage of fossils from the Pliocene age.
		If you're the owner or webmaster of this site then please Claim this Link Once you claim this link and we approve it you will be the only one who can modify the listing in the future.
	www.indianafind.com /Localities/S/Swayzee/Pipe_Creek_Sinkhole_L7318 (206 words)

	Farlow receives NSF grant for Grant County fossil research
		The National Science Foundation has awarded IPFW professor James Farlow a grant of $150,000 for continued research at the Pipe Creek Sinkhole in Indiana’s Grant County.
		The fossil assemblage there was uncovered in the mid-1990s by workers at the Pipe Creek Junior limestone quarry near Swayzee.
		The Disney Channel says fossil assemblage at the sinkhole is the first pre-glacial fauna from the age of mammals ever to be found in the interior of the eastern half of North America.
	www.indiana.edu /~ocmhp/062102/text/fossil.html (136 words)

	[No title]
		Additions to the late Miocene Flint Creek local fauna: Annals of the Carnegie Museum, v.
		\par \par C}{\f1\fs14\insrsid666521 ASSILIANO}{\f1\fs20\insrsid666521, M., 1980, Stratigraphy and vertebrate paleontology of the Horse Creek-Trail Creek area, Laramie County, Wyoming: Contributions to Geology, The University of Wyoming, v.
		\par \par F}{\f1\fs14\insrsid666521 ORSTEN}{\f1\fs20\insrsid666521, A., 1970, The late Miocene Trail Creek mammalian fauna: Contributions to Geology, The University of Wyoming, v.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /miomap/DATA-MIOMAP/miomapbib.rtf (13219 words)

	sinkhole - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "sinkhole" is defined.
		SINKHOLE : Lake and Water Word Glossary [home, info]
		Phrases that include sinkhole: pipe creek sinkhole, sinkhole collapse
	www.onelook.com /?w=sinkhole (193 words)

	Sinkhole near school in South Carolina [Archive] - Sinkhole Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Sinkhole near school in South Carolina [Archive] - Sinkhole Forums
		Sinkhole Forums > Sinkhole Org User Forums > Sinkholes in the News > Sinkhole near school in South Carolina
		06-06-2003, 09:20 PM Tropical storm conditions today might dampen *** County classes and the repair of a sinkhole on **** Parkway, but neither students nor construction workers will take a raincheck on their work.
	www.sinkhole.org /forum/archive/index.php/t-23.html (439 words)

	SIZE-FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF LEOPARD FROGS (RANA PIPIENS COMPLEX) FROM THE LATE TERTIARY PIPE CREEK SINKHOLE, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Pipe Creek Sinkhole (PCS) preserves a continental vertebrate fauna of late Tertiary (latest Hemphillian Land Mammal Age, c.
		The fauna is dominated by aquatic species, particularly leopard frogs.
		All other forms of reproduction and/or transmittal are prohibited without written permission from GSA Copyright Permissions.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2003NC/finalprogram/abstract_49491.htm (307 words)

	Robert Cooper Audubon Society - program archives
		John Craddock, former Director of Muncie's Bureau of Water Quality, showed "before" and "after" slides of the clean-up and transformation of the White River that he orchestrated in the 1970s and '80s.
		Geology professor James Farlow presented information about rhinos, camels, and other amazing animals that once lived in Indiana, especially those found in The Pipe Creek Sinkhole in Grant County.
		Wetlands restoration at the Limberlost: Ken Brunswick, co-founder of Limberlost Swamp Remembered and Regional Ecologist for the Department of Natural Resources, gave updates on the progress of wetlands restoration at the Limberlost, now totaling nearly 1,300 acres.
	www.bsu.edu /web/audubon/program_archives.htm (725 words)

	Untitled Page
		Farlow, J.O., and Argast, A. Preservation of fossil bone from the Pipe Creek Sinkhole (Late Neogene, Grant County, Indiana, U.S.A.); pp.
		ABSTRACT: The fossil assemblage from the Pipe Creek Sinkhole (PCS; Grant County, Indiana, USA) preserves abundant bones from a diversity of late Neogene, large and small, terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates.
		We used several techniques to investigate diagenesis of PCS bones: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and measurements of bone weight loss after ignition.
	cactus.dixie.edu /jharris/GoseongPapers.html (3393 words)

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