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Topic: Piriformis syndrome

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Piriformis muscle

	Piriformis syndrome, another irritation to the sciatic nerve, by Spine-Health
		Piriformis syndrome is a condition in which the piriformis muscle irritates the sciatic nerve and causes pain in the rear and may cause pain along the back of the leg and into the foot (similar to sciatica pain).
		Piriformis syndrome is most common among women, and is thought to be common among active individuals (such as runners and walkers).
		From a technical standpoint, piriformis syndrome does not cause true sciatica (as sciatica is usually defined as a radiculopathy, or compression of a nerve root as it exits the spine).
	www.spine-health.com /topics/cd/piriformis/pir02.html (319 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome: Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
		Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder caused by the compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle.
		Piriformis syndrome is characterized by chronic nagging pain, tingling or numbness starting at the buttocks and extending along the length of the thigh, sometimes descending to the calf.
		Piriformis syndrome is primarily a diagnosis of exclusion, aimed at identifying the piriformis muscle as the primary cause of the pain.
	health.enotes.com /neurological-disorders-encyclopedia/piriformis-syndrome (853 words)

	Piriformis syndrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder that occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed or otherwise irritated by the piriformis muscle.
		Piriformis may also become overused in situations where the gluteal muscles are not receiving enough neural drive and are not able to fulfill their role as prime mover in both hip extension and aiding the piriformis in external rotation of the femur.
		Piriformis syndrome is also known as 'wallet sciatica' or 'fat wallet syndrome,' as the condition can be caused or aggravated by sitting with a large wallet in the rear pocket.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Piriformis_syndrome (415 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
		Piriformis syndrome is a rare neuromuscular disorder that occurs when the piriformis muscle compresses or irritates the sciatic nerve-the largest nerve in the body.
		The piriformis muscle is a narrow muscle located in the buttocks.
		Within the NINDS research programs, piriformis syndrome is addressed primarily through studies associated with pain research.
	www.ninds.nih.gov /disorders/piriformis_syndrome/piriformis_syndrome.htm (330 words)

	Nelson: The Piriformis Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The sciatic nerve passes between the piriformis muscle and a notch in the pelvis as it enters the gluteal region.
		The pain and discomfort of piriformis syndrome are usually exacerbated by standing after prolonged sitting and with activity.
		Suggested etiology of piriformis syndrome begins with injury to the PM or the pelvis.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~iishp/Nelson2.html (1282 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome and Effective Piriformis Stretches
		Piriformis syndrome is a condition in which the piriformis muscle becomes tight or spasms, and irritates the sciatic nerve.
		Piriformis syndrome is predominantly caused by a shortening or tightening of the piriformis muscle, and while many things can be attributed to this, they can all be categorized into two main groups: Overload (or training errors); and Biomechanical Inefficiencies.
		Piriformis syndrome is a soft tissue injury of the piriformis muscle and therefore should be treated like any other soft tissue injury.
	www.thestretchinghandbook.com /archives/piriformis-syndrome.htm (1073 words)

	eMedicine - Piriformis Syndrome : Article by Milton J Klein, DO
		Piriformis syndrome usually is caused by a neuritis of the proximal sciatic nerve.
		Pseudoaneurysms of the inferior gluteal artery adjacent to the piriformis syndrome
		Many cases of refractory trochanteric bursitis are observed to have an underlying occult piriformis syndrome due to the insertion of the piriformis muscle on the greater trochanter of the hip.
	www.emedicine.com /pmr/topic106.htm (2877 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome: Part I
		the piriformis arises from the anterior sacrum between the second to fourth anterior sacral foramina, from the margin of the greater sciatic foramen and from the anterior surface of the sacrotuberous ligament, the anterior sacrospinous ligament and the capsule of the sacroiliac joint.
		Since the piriformis muscle is an external hip rotator when the hip is in extension and an abductor when the hip is in flexion,9 external hip rotation should be tested with the patient supine with the legs hanging off the table edge at the knees.
		Pressure on the piriformis by way of rectal or vaginal examination may reproduce the symptoms.3 A positive "piriformis sign" due to piriformis contracture may be seen by the persistent external rotation of one lower extremity when the patient is supine.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/09/13/28.html (1109 words)

	eMedicine - Piriformis Syndrome : Article by Shishir Shah
		Piriformis syndrome is characterized by pain and instability.
		After a diagnosis of piriformis syndrome has been made, the patient should be instructed to rest from offending activities and initiate physical therapy treatment.
		The piriformis muscle is stretched with flexion, adduction, and internal rotation of the hip adductors and the knee while the patient lies supine.
	www.emedicine.com /sports/topic102.htm (3592 words)

	Sciatica.org \| Piriformis Syndrome
		Piriformis syndrome is estimated to cause 6-8% of sciatica, but is more common in the general U.S. population because it has been underdiagnosed and undertreated.
		As overuse and trauma are the chief causes of piriformis syndrome, spasm and scarring are the main mechanisms by which pain is produced.
		There is, unfortunately, no clinical corroboration of actual piriformis in these cadaveric studies, but reports from surgical remediation of piriformis syndrome reveal that the incidence of anatomical variations in 58 cases is no higher than in the general population.
	www.sciatica.org /piriformis.html (1911 words)

	A Case Report of the Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome \| massagetoday.com
		Piriformis syndrome has caused many sufferers to incur a loss of productivity because of pain, but due to the lack of agreement as to how to diagnosis this syndrome, time away from work is not fully documented.
		The symptoms of piriformis syndrome sciatic nerve impingement are treatable with massage, by addressing the muscles surrounding the sciatic nerve that are shorter and compressing the nerve.
		This study demonstrates that the application of massage to reduce piriformis syndrome in general, especially during a flare-up, is possible with appropriate decompression at the joints involved, relaxation of muscles that surround the sciatic nerve and a daily stretching protocol.
	www.massagetoday.com /mpacms/mt/article.php?id=13541 (3360 words)

	Piriformis syndrome & acupuncture - Acupuncture and Moxibustion Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients - Find Articles
		Piriformis syndrome refers to irritation of the sciatic muscle by the piriformis muscle.
		The symptoms of piriformis syndrome are mainly pain deep in the buttocks which may possibly refer along the sciatic nerve down to, but rarely below the knee.
		It is estimated that six percent of all patients with sciatica have piriformis syndrome.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0ISW/is_2003_July/ai_104259166 (982 words)

	University Sports Medicine - WHAT IS PIRIFORMIS SYNDROME?
		Piriformis syndrome refers to irritation of the sciatic nerve as it passes through the piriformis muscle located deep in the buttock.
		The piriformis muscle is located deep in the buttock and pelvis, and allows you to rotate your thigh outward.
		Piriformis syndrome may also be related to intense downhill running.
	www.ubsportsmed.buffalo.edu /education/piriformis.html (286 words)

	The Rubdown: About Piriformis Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Piriformis syndrome is a condition where pressure is placed on the sciatic nerve by the piriformis, a gluteal muscle.
		Although different in their causes, Piriformis syndrome and sciatica are similar in their effects, which can include numbness, tingling or intense pain down the back of the leg and into the foot.
		Piriformis syndrome can usually be alleviated by a Remedial Massage Therapist, who can also help determine whether a larger problem exists, eg true sciatica.
	www.bodysync.com.au /the_rubdown/about_piriformis_syndrome.htm (263 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome
		With the hip extended, the piriformis muscle is the primary external rotator; however, with the hip flexed, the piriformis muscle itself becomes a hip abductor.
		Piriformis syndrome alone is rarely a cause of a focal neuromuscular impairment; either a sciatic mononeuropathy or an L5-S1 radiculopathy can mimic both of these conditions, obscuring diagnosis of piriformis syndrome.
		Prolonged stretching of the piriformis muscle is accomplished in either a supine or orthostatic position with the involved hip flexed and passively adducted/internally rotated.
	www.kalindra.com /piriformis_klein.htm (2512 words)

	Piriformis syndrome definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Typically, the pain of the piriformis syndrome is increased by contraction of the piriformis muscle, prolonged sitting, or direct pressure applied to the muscle.
		The piriformis muscle begins at the front surface of the sacrum (the V-shaped bone between the buttocks at the base of the spine) and passes through the greater sciatic notch to attach to the top of the thigh bone (femur) at its bony prominence called the greater trochanter.
		The piriformis syndrome is treated with rest and measures to reduce inflammation of the piriformis muscle and its tendon.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8210 (267 words)

	The piriformis syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The piriformis syndrome is a condition in which the piriformis muscle irritates the sciatic nerve, causing pain in the buttocks and referring pain along the course of the sciatic nerve.
		It originates from the sacral spine and attaches to the greater trochanter of the femur, which is the big, bony "bump" on the outside top of the thigh.
		The piriformis syndrome is diagnosed primarily on the basis of symptoms and on the physical exam.
	www.rice.edu /~jenky/sports/piri.html (553 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome
		Piriformis Syndrome is a term for a condition in which the sciatic nerve becomes pinched in the region of the buttocks.
		The approach to treating Piriformis Syndrome is to reduce the compressive forces that are causing the pressure on the nerve.
		When the muscles are in too much spasm to allow for this type of traction, upright types of traction units can enable a person to move their body during the therapy to avoid further muscle spasm, while providing a relieving therapy to the spine.
	www.1backpain.com /piriformissyndrome.htm (5147 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome - Orthogate - Improving orthopedic care, education and research with Internet technologies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Piriformis syndrome can be painful, but it is seldom dangerous and rarely leads to the need for surgery.
		The first is to cut the piriformis tendon where it attaches on the greater trochanter (the bump on the side of your hip).
		When the piriformis muscle and tendon can be seen, the surgeon then cuts (releases) the tendon where it connects to the greater trochanter.
	www.orthogate.org /patient-education/lumbar-spine/piriformis-syndrome.html (2123 words)

	Dr. Pribut on Piriformis Syndrome
		Scant information is available on the piriformis syndrome in lay publications, and only a little more in scientific publications.
		The major portion of origin of the piriformis is the anterior lateral portion of the sacrum and the insertion is on the upper portion of the femur.
		Pecina M:"Contribution to the etiological explanation of the piriformis syndrome" Acta Anat.
	www.drpribut.com /sports/piriformis.html (998 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The signs and symptoms are: a constant pain in the buttocks and posterior thigh especially with sitting; a burning, tingling or numbness into the leg; weakness and shooting pain that can make standing difficult.
		Anatomically, the sciatic nerve passes beneath the piriformis muscle and travels to the posterior upper leg.
		The piriformis muscle is a deep muscle located on the posterior side of the pelvis/hip area that lies beneath the gluteus maximus muscle.
	www.ptsr.cc /pirformis_syndrome.htm (601 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Piriformis syndrome is quite common and is often misdiagnosed because it can mimic other problems such as disc herniations.
		The signs and symptoms of piriformis syndrome are not only specific to pain down the leg but may include a deep aching pain in the buttock and thigh on the affected side and low back pain.
		To stretch the right piriformis cross your right leg over your left knee as in a figure 4 position.
	www.pharmclips.com /articles/piriformis.shtml (462 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome
		I am a 30 year old female who was diagnosed with piriformis syndrome at age 27.
		Second, at the time I developed piriformis syndrome, I was also suffering from peripheral neuropathy, a painful nerve disorder.
		The pain of piriformis syndrome is intense and changing.
	www.keely.net /leisure/piriformis/case.html (623 words)

	Treatment of Piriformis Syndrome with Botox
		Piriformis syndrome has been documented as a primary or contributory cause of sciatica.
		The piriformis muscle is a pyramidal muscle that arises as three digitations from the ventrolateral aspect of the sacrum from S1-S4, gluteal surface of ilium near the posterior inferior iliac spine and the anterior capsule of the sacroiliac joint.
		Piriformis syndrome is sciatica secondary to compression and/or irritation of sciatic nerve by piriformis muscle.
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ija/vol6n2/piri.xml (1781 words)

	Park Wellness Center - Piriformis Syndrome
		The piriformis muscle connects the lateral border of the sacrum with the greater trochanter of the femur, and runs deep to the gluteal muscles.
		The symptoms associated with piriformis syndrome include unilateral or bilateral pain hip or gluteal pain, which radiates down the lateral or posterior portion of the leg or up to the lumbar region.
		Upon physical examination, individuals with piriformis syndrome are often found to have band of tight muscles on one or both sides extending from the lateral portion of the sacrum to the greater trochanter of the femur.
	www.parkwellnesscenter.com /articles/acupuncture/piriformis_syndrome.html (269 words)

	Sports Medicine Advisor 2005.4: Piriformis Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Piriformis syndrome refers to irritation of the sciatic nerve as it passes through or next to the piriformis muscle located deep in the buttock.
		The piriformis muscle is located deep in the buttock and pelvis and allows you to rotate your thigh outward.
		Piriformis syndrome is best prevented by stretching the muscles that rotate your thigh inward and outward.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/sma/sma_piriform_sma.htm (697 words)

	Piriformis Syndrome -- Part II
		Piriformis Syndrome -- Part II Part 1 (June 21, 1991 issue of "DC") covered the piriformis syndrome with regards to anatomy, pathology, symptomatology, and diagnosis.
		The piriformis may be manually stretched2 by standing on the opposite side of the prone patient's involved piriformis.
		Te Poorten4 has a similar method as Edwards except while he holds pressure on the piriformis he stretches the piriformis by pulling the leg externally, which internally rotates the hip.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/09/15/24.html (684 words)

	Massage for Piriformis Syndrome
		Piriformis Syndrome is the name of a painful nerve entrapment condition in which the sciatic nerve is placed under abnormal pressure by the piriformis muscle.
		Piriformis Syndrome also responds well to positional release therapies such as Ortho-Bionomy which work with the body's nervous system to release muscles and improve joint movement in the area.
		In addition to working on the piriformis muscle it may be necessary to provide therapy for other muscles near piriformis and even to muscles opposing piriformis to improve muscular balance.
	www.massagebyben.com /med/piriformis_syndrome_massage.htm (485 words)

	BULLS: Ask the Docs \| Piriformis Syndrome
		That’s because the Piriformis, the muscle which runs from your sacrum (mid-line base of spine) to the outer hip bone, is heavily used by runners when rotating their hips and legs.
		Piriformis Syndrome is one of the leading causes of sciatica in runners and other athletes.
		Since Piriformis Syndrome is essentially an “overuse” injury, it’s important that you cease the activity that is causing inflammation.
	www.nba.com /bulls/news/askdocs_060802.html (705 words)

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