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Topic: Pisiform

	Bone, muscle, organ associations
		Another plausible explanation for the development of the calcaneus is that the calcaneus is the matching bone for the pisiform and the talus is the product of the fusion of two bones, which correspond to the os lunatum and os triquetrum in the hand.
		It appears that a cartilaginous elementary form of the central bone is prevalent in humans and that it fuses with the scaphoid in the development of the carpal bones.
		The pisiform moves back to a position similar to the position of the calcaneus in the foot, while the os lunatum moves to a more internal position and the scaphoid of the hand to a position similar to the navicular bone in the foot.
	www.neurokinesiology.org /Bone_Muscle_Organ_Associations (1300 words)

	Pisiform bone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The pisiform bone (also called pisiform or lentiform bone) is a small knobbly, pea-shaped wrist bone.
		The pisiform bone is found in the proximal row of the carpus.
		The pisiform bone may be known by its small size, and by its presenting a single articular facet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pisiform_bone (214 words)

	Triquetral bone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The triquetral bone (also called triquetrum bone, cuneiform bone, pyramidal bone, cubital bone, three-cornered bone, and triangular bone) is located in the wrist on the medial side of the proximal row of the carpus between the lunate and pisiform bones.
		It connects with the pisiform, hamate, and lunate bones.
		The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Triquetral_bone (347 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The pisiform bone and ulnar styloid are in apposition.
		Pisiform subluxation was not demonstrable by the criteria proposed by Vasilas, Grieco, and Bartone (18).
		The piso-triquetral joint is least stable in combined palmarflexion and ulnar deviation; therefore, pisiform dislocations are splinted with the wrist in dorsiflexion and radial deviation to immobilize the pisiform adequately (5).
	www.aikidoaus.com.au /dojo/docs/pms93_77_707-715.htm (1890 words)

	Pisiform Ligaments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The ligaments connecting the pisiform bone in the wrist are the articular capsule and the two palmar ligaments.
		The articular capsule is a thin membrane which connects the pisiform to the triangular; it is lined by synovial membrane.
		The two palmar ligaments are strong, fibrous bands; one, the "pisihamate ligament," connects the pisiform to the hamate bone below it; the other, the "pisimetacarpal ligament," joins the pisiform to the base of the 5th metacarpal bone, which joins the little finger.
	www.innerbody.com /text/ligm33.html (94 words)

	II. Osteology. 6b. The Hand. 1. The Carpus. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
		Those of the proximal row, from the radial to the ulnar side, are named the navicular, lunate, triangular, and pisiform; those of the distal row, in the same order, are named the greater multangular, lesser multangular, capitate, and hamate.
		This process gives attachment, by its apex, to the transverse carpal ligament and the Flexor carpi ulnaris; by its medial surface to the Flexor brevis and Opponens digiti quinti; its lateral side is grooved for the passage of the Flexor tendons into the palm of the hand.
		It is one of the four eminences on the front of the carpus to which the transverse carpal ligament of the wrist is attached; the others being the pisiform medially, the oblique ridge of the greater multangular and the tubercle of the navicular laterally.
	www.bartleby.com /107/54.html (1866 words)

	[No title]
		Adjusting hand is the \par superior hand, pisiform contact on the PSIS with fingers directed medially across the \par sacrum.
		Inferior hand pisiform on high \par transverse process of the inferior vertebra, superior hand crosses over to the high \par }\pard \li720\nowidctlpar\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs24 transverse process of the superior vertebra.
		Inferior hand pisiform on the angle of the rib, \par }\pard \li720\nowidctlpar\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs24 apply inferior traction using soft tissue.
	www.rollanet.org /~mhall/DIVERSIFIED-ADJUSTING-PROCEDURES6.doc (13567 words)

	physics
		According to this theory, the pisiform bone represents the first ball and the atlas the second ball; thus very little (if any) travel of the pisiform is required to move the atlas when the force is initiated in the shoulders of the adjustor.
		The motion of the pisiform is a result of the ulna and radius being pulled around the olecranon process of the humerus, simultaneous with the humerus being pulled around the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
		The radius and ulna are inscribing an are, and since the pisiform bone is attached at the distal end, this motion produces an extreme amount of curving in the travel of the pisiform.
	www.oncause.com /physics.htm (1219 words)

	Pisiform
		The pisiform is a rounded carpal bone that lies over the triquetrum.
		Although, anatomically, the pisiform is located in the proximal carpal row, it does not participante in either the radiocarpal or the midcarpal joints.
		It is a sesmoid bone that's sole function appears to be to increase the moment arm (and thus the torque or rotary force) of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle as its tendon courses over the pisiform.
	classes.kumc.edu /sah/resources/handkines/bone/pisiform.html (71 words)

	An Isolated Acute Pisiform Fracture
		The incidence of pisiform fracture is very low, and generally it is associated with other carpal or distal radial injuries.
		The pisiform is a small and round carpal bone situated in the palmar and ulnar aspect of the wrist.
		Fractures of the pisiform are often due to direct trauma to the hypothenar region or avulsion fracture of the distal portion of the pisiform when the flexor carpi ulnaris resists forcible hyperextension of the wrist [
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijra/vol3n2/pisiform.xml (1098 words)

	[No title]
		President William Pisiform and his opponent Governor Richard Macer squared off in New York earlier tonight in front of a live audience of twenty seven and a couple dozen watching on television at home or in their doctor’s waiting room.
		Pisiform- I think people know a good thing when it comes along and I’m glad they chose me as their good thing.
		Pisiform- I got elected because of my integrity and the trust that I share with the citizens of this country.
	www.oberlin.edu /student/sthompso/arm/library/Election.doc (767 words)

	tech 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Figure #1 shows the theoretical position of the adjustor's arms and shoulders when the nail-hand pisiform is on contact and the thrust has not yet been initiated.
		Note "the contracting of the triceps has caused a straightening (reduction) of the upper-arm/lower-arm angle." This angle has been reduced to 180 degrees by means of the contraction of the triceps.
		This lack of travel is accomplished by forcing the nail hand "anatomic snuff box" upward against the hammer-hand pisiform simultaneous with the triceps pull.
	www.oncause.com /tech7.htm (236 words)

	COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
		On the question of the reasonableness of further surgery, the judge adopted Dr. Ericson’s opinion that the employee's left pisiform should be removed because of the painful work related instability of her hand.
		The self-insurer's first argument on appeal is that the judge’s decision is contradictory and does not resolve the issue whether the proposed pisiform surgery is reasonable and necessary.
		The judge adopted Dr. Ericson’s opinion that the pisiform surgery was appropriate; she did so both in her general findings, (Dec. 10), and in her final order of payment.
	www.mass.gov /dia/PUBS/REVIEWS/00d/CarolMcSweeney.htm (1262 words)

	HealthyComputing - The Premier Source For Computer and Office Ergonomics
		Look for a glove that is really comfortable, provides wrist support, and preferably cushions and protects the undersurface of the wrist -- especially the often-sensitive pisiform bone.
		The pisiform bone is located on the outside of the undersurface of the wrist and is the bone you feel when you rest your wrist on a hard surface.
		Gloves that substantially restrict motion should be avoided for the same reason as splints.
	www.healthycomputing.com /articles/publish/news/Wrist_Splints_Gloves.shtml (496 words)

	Cross-sectional area of the carpal tunnel in different wrist positions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Wrist flexion decreases the canal's cross-sectional area at the levels of the hamate and pisiform.
		Measurements in normal carpal tunnels at the level of the hook of the hamate reveal that mean cross-sectional areas vary between 1.52 cm2 when the wrist is positioned in neutral, 1.75 cm2 when the wrist is extended, and 1.36 cm2 when the wrist is flexed (Skie, Zeiss, Ebraheim, & Jackson, 1990).
		Not only does wrist flexion decrease the carpal tunnel's cross-sectional area at both the pisiform and hamate, it "rearranges" the flexor tendons in such a way that they may be more likely to compress the median nerve (Skie et al., 1990).
	moon.ouhsc.edu /gsharp/namics/ctxsec.htm (473 words)

	eMedicine - Ulnar-Sided Wrist Pain : Article by David M Lichtman, MD
		The canal is bordered by the pisiform medially and the hook of the hamate laterally.
		The hook of the hamate is located by identifying the pisiform and then palpating along a line from the pisiform to the head of the second metacarpal.
		To perform the pisotriquetral grind test, hold the pisiform between the thumb and index finger then move the pisiform ulnar to radial with the wrist in various positions of flexion and radioulnar deviation to reproduce pain or crepitus.
	www.emedicine.com /orthoped/topic619.htm (7846 words)

	eMedicine - Fractures, Wrist : Article by Bryan Hoynak, MD
		The pisiform typically is injured by a fall on an outstretched hand in a dorsiflexed position, with the impact on the hypothenar eminence.
		Injuries to the ulnar aspect of the hand, particularly those involving the pisiform, hamate, and triquetrum, may place the deep branch of the ulnar artery at risk as it travels beneath the hook of the hamate.
		The ulnar nerve often is injured with closed fractures of the pisiform, triquetrum, hamate, and fourth and fifth metacarpals.
	www.emedicine.com /EMERG/topic844.htm (7021 words)

	Anatomy of Carpal Tunnel - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
		- proximally, by pisiform and tubercle of scaphoid;
		- from hamate and pisiform medially to scaphoid and trapezium laterally;
		- pisiform is palpable and serves to mark entry, on its lateral aspect, of ulnar nerve and artery into the hand;
	www.wheelessonline.com /ortho/anatomy_of_carpal_tunnel (443 words)

	Bird metacarpal homology
		For those of you out there who really groove on this stuff, there's also a bone identified as X for which the homologies are unclear.
		Based on it's location between a small splint he identifies as a vestigial metacarpal (which he assigns as V), he declares that the minor metacarpal of birds is homologous to the IV digit of other tetrapods.
		If it is the pisiform, is it wholly improbable that this bone might migrate to support the carpometacarpus if digits IV and V were lost?
	www.dinosauria.com /jdp/archie/homology.html (940 words)

	[No title]
		No, the answer is C. Proximal row scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and pisiform.
		No, the answer is A. This tendon continues to insert on the bases of the second and third metacarpal.
		No, the answer is C. No muscles insert into the carpal bones - if one accepts that the pisiform is a sesamoid bone that develops in the tendon of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris.
	www.kumc.edu /research/medicine/pharmacology/CAI/webCAI/anatomy/an08.wbc (1333 words)

	Joint Preservation Is Necessary for Hands-On Chiropractic
		While his joints appeared arthritic, what was most amazing was the shape of his hands.
		The pisiform bone protruded; after years of adjusting, his hands had shaped into an adjusting tool.
		As for myself, after adjusting and performing soft tissue manipulations for the past 43 years, I suffer from a common form of osteoarthritis localized at the first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/21/25/05.html (804 words)

	Flexor Region of the Forearm
		the carpal bone between the lunate and pisiform bones in the proximal row of carpal bones
		it articulates with the triquetrum; the pisiform bone provides a protective function for the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon by bearing the forces generated by the tendon riding across the triquitrum, especially during wrist extension; pisiform means "pea-shaped"
		flexor retinaculum spans the ventral surfaces of the carpal bones (medially - scaphoid and trapezium; laterally - hamate and pisiform) to complete an osseofibrous tunnel for passage of the flexor tendons; tendons are surrounded by synovial tendon sheathes where they pass deep to retinacula
	anatomy.uams.edu /anatomyhtml/flexorforearm.html (2944 words)

	how.2.htm
		Directly underlying the styliform falciform is the transcarpal ligament (not shown) which extends between the scapholunate and pisiform bones.
		--The styliform cartilage itself is connected by ligaments both to the pisiform bone and the fifth metacarpal.
		A hypothenar pad is on the heel of the hand atached to the pisiform bone and the base of the fifth metacarpal, like the styliform cartilage of flying squirrels.
	www.bio.davidson.edu /Courses/anphys/1999/Muffelman/how_2.htm (255 words)

	Orthopaedic Specialists of Gastonia, North Carolina. Surgeons specializing in orthopedics and orthopedic surgery. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		I have wrist arthritis that has caused one of my bones to form calcium deposits.
		The doctor has suggested removing the painful bone (the pisiform).
		Removing the pisiform bone from the wrist is called a pisiformectomy.
	www.orthogastonia.com /index.php/fuseaction/patient_ed.faqdetail/FaqID/dcbdaffdd8806b513fcb9b954385ac13 (156 words)

	IngentaConnect The sectional anatomy of the carpal tunnel and its related neurov... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The measurements were performed at the level of the pisiform, hook of the hamate and in the middle between these structures.
		The diameters of the carpal tunnel and the median nerve were measured at the level of the hook of the hamate.
		Between those structures there will be at least a 9-mm area, localized 8 mm radial to the pisiform, where the incision of the transverse carpal ligament could be performed risk-free.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/ene/2005/00000012/00000005/art00010 (303 words)

	cure hand pain - carpal tunnel - tennis elbow - hand pain - hand fracture - hand injury - ganglion cysts - arthritis - ...
		The Carpus (Ossa Carpi) The carpal bones, eight in number, are arranged in two rows.
		("os triquetum; cuneiform bone") The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone.
		("os pisiforme") The pisiform bone may be known by its small size, and by its presenting a single articular facet.
	www.curehandpain.com /pages/hand/carpus.php (2083 words)

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