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Topic: Pistol Nebula

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	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Pistol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Although all handguns are generally referred to as pistols, some restrict the term "pistol" to single-chamber handguns, such as semiautomatic or single-shot pistols, as opposed to multichambered revolvers or multibarreled derringers, and use handgun for the broader category.
		Pistols are used mainly by police officers, military personnel, civilians who want a compact self-defense weapon, or for shooting sports.
		In a pistol the "chamber," in which the cartridge is held for firing is the rearmost portion of the barrel.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Pistol (1020 words)

	Pistol Star - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Pistol Star, which may be the most luminous star in the Milky Way galaxy (only if stellar candidate LBV 1806-20 is a tightly packed group or cluster of stars rather than an individual), is 10 million times as bright as the Sun and about 100 times as massive.
		The Pistol Star would be visible to the naked eye as a fourth magnitude star if it were not for interstellar dust clouds hiding it from view; instead, it was discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope in the early 1990s using infrared wavelengths that penetrate the dust.
		The Pistol Star may have created the Pistol Nebula, which it illuminates, by ejecting mass under the pressure of its own light; it is thought to have ejected up to 10 solar masses of material in giant outbursts from its outer layers about 4,000 and 6,000 years ago.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pistol_Star (368 words)

	Pistol Nebula - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Pistol Nebula surrounds one of the most massive stars known, the Pistol Star.
		The nebula contains approximately 10 solar masses worth of ionized gas that was ejected by the star several thousand years ago.
		The nebula was named in the 1980s for its shape as seen in low resolution images that were available at the time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pistol_Nebula (118 words)

	The Pistol Star
		The Pistol nebula, featured in figure 1, is almost certainly a creation of the Pistol star and its powerful stellar wind.
		The nebula holds about 15 solar masses of material, but is much too massive to have been created by the current stellar wind, from either the H or L models.
		It may well be that the Pistol star, like other luminous blue variables (Eta Carinae, for instance) experiences episodic mass loss, so that the mass in the nebula comes from past episodes.
	www.tim-thompson.com /pistol-star.html (1286 words)

	Pistol Star
		The Pistol Star lies at the center of the Pistol Nebula, which it created it by expelling up to 10 solar masses of gas in giant outbursts some 4,000 to 6,000 years ago.
		Both star and nebula are in the Quintuplet Cluster, close to the center of our galaxy, about 25,000 light-years away; yet despite this immense distance, the Pistol Star would be visible to the naked eye, as a fourth magnitude star, if it were not obscured by dust clouds in the plane of the Milky Way.
		Factoring in all the material the Pistol Star has shed in its brief lifetime, this extraordinary object may have started out with a mass of up to 200 solar masses – larger than the maximum stellar mass anticipated by contemporary theories of stellar evolution.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/P/Pistol_Star.html (254 words)

	The pistol, the pistol star, and the quintuplet in the galactic centre: results from ISO CVF imaging and SWS ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The location of the Pistol star in the centre of the Pistol Nebula corroborates the suggestion that the two objects are intimately associated, and specifically that the Pistol Nebula is formed from ejecta from the Pistol star.
		Dust formed within the ejecta, is heated primarily by the Pistol star, and is responsible for the continuum emission from the Nebula.
		The Pistol star may not be hot enough to produce a significant fraction of the ionization.
	www.iso.vilspa.esa.es /meetings/paris/Paris_abstracts/node124.html (503 words)

	Science & Technology at Scientific American.com: Heavenly Heavyweight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The sun, a relatively dim bulb by celestial standards, cannot hold a candle to the "Pistol star." This behemoth, identified by astronomers using NASA's orbiting Hubble Space Telescope may be the brightest star known.
		Burning at such a dramatic rate, the Pistol Star is destined for certain death in a brilliant supernova in one to three million years.
		Pistol Star is approximately 25,000 light-years from Earth near the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
	sciam.com /article.cfm?articleID=000F2C88-D2C4-1CDE-B4A8809EC588EEDF (470 words)

	Pistol Star
		This region is located west of Alnasl (Gamma2 Sagittarii) and W (Gamma1) Sagittarii, and Kaus Media (Delta Sagittarii); northwest of Kaus Australis (Epsilon Sagittarii); southwest of the Lagoon Nebula (M8) and open cluster NGC 6530; southeast of Kaus Borealis (Lamda Sagittarii) and Nunki (Sigma Sagittarii); and south of the Trifid Nebula (M20).
		Similar to Eta Carinae in brightness, the Pistol Star is one of the most luminous stars in the Local Group of galaxies surrounding the Milky Way (Figer et al, 1995).
		The Pistol Star may be radiating enough energy to halt the further infall of gas and dust that had been agglomerating onto the star, thus limiting its maximum mass.
	www.solstation.com /x-objects/pistol.htm (1151 words)

	Most powerful star discovered (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Researchers estimate the Pistol Star is 25,000 light-years from Earth, near the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
		Based on the new pictures, Figer said, "It's pretty clear this gas (of the nebula) came from an eruption from the star," that occurred 4,000 to 6,000 years ago.
		The Pistol Star appears to be scheduled for a short, violent life.
	www.dailybruin.ucla.edu /DB/issues/97/10.08/news.star.html (658 words)

	Detection of extended low-density ionized gas around the Carina nebula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This may indicate that the Carina Nebula is an evolved HII region.
		The size in the line of sight direction can be estimated from the line intensity and it is about 10pc for the central bright region, which is simlar to the extension of this nebula on the sky.
		We have detected the ELD ionized gas around the Carina Nebula by direct observations and derived the electron density unambiguously for the first time.
	www.iso.vilspa.esa.es /meetings/paris/Paris_abstracts/node123.html (437 words)

	CNN - Astronomers claim 'most massive' star ever seen - October 7, 1997
		The Pistol Star was first observed in the early 1990s by astronomers in South Africa and Japan using Earth-based telescopes with infrared cameras.
		Researchers estimate the Pistol Star is 25,000 light-years from Earth, near the center of the Milky Way.
		She said she isn't convinced from the new images that the Pistol Star is a single star.
	www.cnn.com /TECH/9710/07/pistol.star.ap (432 words)

	[No title]
		The Pistol Star is not visible to the eye, but is located in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius, hidden behind the great dust clouds along the Milky Way.
		The Pistol Star was first noted in the early 1990s, but its relationship to the nebula was not realized until 1995, when Figer proposed in his Ph.D. thesis that the "past eruptive stages of the star" might have created the nebula.
		The astronomers believe that the Pistol nebula was created by eruptions in the outer layers of the star which ejected up to 10 solar masses of material in giant outbursts about 4,000 and 6,000 years ago.
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /~gcnews/gcflash/gcflash_Vol.6_No.9 (925 words)

	Hubble Space Telescope: News and Updates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The nebula is so big (four light-years in diameter) that it would nearly span the distance from the Sun to Alpha Centauri, the nearest star to Earth's solar system.
		The Pistol Star was first noted in the early 1990s by astronomers in South Africa and Japan, but its luminosity and relationship to the nebula was not realized until 1995, when Figer proposed in his Ph.D. thesis that the "past eruptive stages of the star" might have created the nebula.
		The Pistol Star would be visible to the naked eye as a fourth magnitude star in the sky (which is quite impressive given its distance of 25,000 light-years) if it were not for interstellar dust clouds of tiny particles between the Earth and the center of the Milky Way that absorb the star's light.
	www.thetech.org /exhibits/online/hubble/updates/oct0897.html (853 words)

	Star's so bright, I gotta wear shades
		The star, dubbed the "Pistol Star" after the shape of the nebula surrounding it, lies more than 25,000 light-years from the Earth, near the center of the galaxy.
		In fact, the Pistol Star would be clearly visible with the naked eye if it weren't for clouds of space dust between us and the galaxy's center.
		The connection between the Pistol Nebula and the star at its center was first suggested by Figer in his 1995 Ph.D. thesis, in which he proposed that the nebula was created by "past eruptive phases" of the star.
	www.jhu.edu /~newslett/10-16-97/Science/1.html (634 words)

	[No title]
		The Pa- alpha (1.87 micron) NICMOS image shows that the nebula completely surrounds the Pistol Star, although the line intensity is much stronger on its northern and western edges.
		The blueshifted emission (V_max ~ -60 km/sec) is much weaker than the redshifted emission (V_max ~ +10 km/sec), where the velocities are with respect to the velocity of the Pistol Star; further, the redshifted emission spans a very narrow range of velocities, i.e., it appears ``flattened'' in the position-velocity diagram.
		These data suggest that the nebula was ejected from the star several thousand years ago, with a velocity between the current terminal velocity of the stellar wind (95 km/sec) and the present expansion velocity of gas in the outer shell of the nebula (60 km/sec).
	www.aoc.nrao.edu /~gcnews/gcflash/gcflash_Vol.10_No.5 (647 words)

	APOD: October 8, 1997 - The Brightest Star Yet Known
		In 1990 a star named the Pistol Star was known to lie at the center of the
		Pistol Star was so massive it was throwing off the mass that actually created the
		released today confirm the spectral relation between the star and the nebula.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap971008.html (165 words)

	The gigantic fiery Pistol Star will encircle the earth for 3 days . . .
		The Pistol Star was first seen in the early 1990s with infrared equipment on Earth-based telescopes.
		The Pistol Star is 25,000 light years away from the earth.
		The Pistol Star was discovered in the early 1990's and Jesus announced it to the world on June 18, 1991.
	www.tldm.org /news/PistolStarMesssages.htm (1819 words)

	Andrea Moneti's professional website
		The Pistol Nebula and Quintuplet Cluster in the Galactic Centre
		The central region of the Galaxy viewed by the MSX Spirit-III instruments: a true-color composite with the 8 um image in blue, the average of 12 and 15 um in green, and the 21 um in red.
		The top part of the Pistol Nebula can be seen also in the Quintuplet datacube, which also shows the increasing size of the point-spread function and the different temperatures of the Quintuplet sources.
	www2.iap.fr /users/moneti (663 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Perhaps the brightest star (at least of those we know about) is the behemoth Pistol Star, first found in 1990 in the Pistol Nebula, so named because the cloud of gas appeared to have something of a gun-shape to it from our vantage point.
		In 1997, scientists found that the Pistol Star was so huge that several thousand years ago, it ejected almost ten solar masses of gas, actually creating the Pistol Nebula.
		The Pistol Star is physically smaller than Betelgeuse - it only would extend to the Earth's orbit if placed where our Sun is. However, the Pistol Star emits over ten million times more light than the Sun.
	www.morehead.unc.edu /articles/bigstars (795 words)

	Astronomers: Star may be biggest, brightest yet observed
		In a National Science Foundation-funded study scheduled to be presented today at the American Astronomical Society national conference in Atlanta, the team says the star is at least as bright as the Pistol Star, the current record holder, so named for the pistol-shaped nebula surrounding it.
		Whereas the Pistol Star is between 5 million and 6 million times as bright as the sun, however, the new contender, LBV 1806-20, could be as much as 40 million times the sun's brightness.
		One longstanding problem with gauging the brightness of stars at great distances is that what seems at first to be one amazingly bright star turns out on closer examination to be a cluster of nearby stars.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-01/uof-asm010504.php (988 words)

	Infrared Emissions
		In the case of the Pistol Star, it produced the nebula and an extreme stellar wind that is ~10 billion times stronger than our Sun's.
		The Pistol Star would be visible to the naked eye as a fourth magnitude star in the sky, but interstellar dust clouds of tiny particles between the Earth and the center of the Milky Way that absorb the star's light.
		All that should be left are beautiful nebula and, perhaps, a neutron star or fl hole where the original star once stood.
	business.fortunecity.com /rowling/167/SuperNovae/InfraRed.html (2183 words)

	Zoom Astronomy Glossary: P
		The Pistol star is the largest-known star; it is the most massive and the brightest star.
		This star is at the center of the Pistol Nebula and created it by expelling tremendous amounts of gas in violent eruptions.
		A planetary nebula is a nebula formed from by a shell of gas which was ejected from a certain kind of extremely hot star.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/astronomy/glossary/indexp.shtml (4166 words)

	Boston Globe Online / From the Archives / Health Sense
		The star is buried in a cloud known as the Pistol Nebula, for its shape.
		In short, the Pistol Star is a celebrity among the trillion stars of the Milky Way Galaxy, and that alone attracts our attention.
		The Pistol Star, if it is a single star, is only a few million years old, and should blow itself to smithereens as a supernova within another few million years -- a spectacular end to its brief reign as king of the hill.
	www.boston.com /globe/search/stories/health/science_musings/102797.htm (832 words)

	Pixon reconstruction of the Pistol Star (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Pixon reconstruction of near infrared imaging of the "Pistol Star", the most luminous star ever discovered.
		The raw image shows the strong spreading of the light around stars due to diffraction from the Hubble Space Telescope.
		Consequently all the stars are properly brought back to points of light and the structure of the underlying nebula is seen in unprecedented detail.
	www.pixon.com /figures/FIG_Pistol_Star.html (154 words)

	NASA Observatorium Observation of the Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A supermassive star near the center of the Pistol Nebula, so named because of its resemblance to a pistol (some imagination is required to see it).
		For instance, astronomers believe that the Pistol Nebula that surrounds the star is the result of major outbursts 4,000 and 6,000 years ago.
		The Pistol Nebula lies near the center of the Milky Way galaxy (in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius) some 25,000 light-years away.
	observe.arc.nasa.gov /nasa/ootw/1997/ootw_971029/ob971029.html (481 words)

	Ernest Hemingway - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This suicide caused great hurt for Hemingway; he immediately traveled to Oak Park to arrange the funeral and caused controversy by vocalizing what he thought to be the Catholic view, that suicides go to Hell.
		Science fiction novelist Joe Haldeman won the Hugo Award and the Nebula Award for his novella, The Hemingway Hoax, a story which explored the effect that Hemingway's lost stories might have had upon twentieth century history.
		The famous heavy-metal band, Metallica were inspired by 'For Whom The Bell Tolls' and penned the eponymous song that went on to become a major hit.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ernest_Hemingway (6755 words)

	Journey to the Center of the Galaxy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		If it is indeed a single star, then it presents a challenge to current theories of stellar evolution - when massive stars, such as the Pistol Star, reach old age after only a few million years, high velocity stellar winds eject the outermost layers of the star's atmosphere.
		The stellar winds associated with the Pistol Star as well as the winds of about 15 other hot, massive stars at the Galactic Center have recently been detected at radio wavelengths with the VLA.
		The Pistol star gets its name from its close proximity to the Pistol Nebula, an unusually shaped cloud of hot gas thought to have been, at one time, an outer atmospheric layer of the Pistol Star.
	www.astro.ucla.edu /~tanner/gcdyn.html (633 words)

	SPACE.com -- Spacewatch Friday: Extreme Astronomy: Objects at the Limits and Beyond
		The Pistol Star unleashes as much energy in six seconds as our Sun does in a year.
		This is also the same region of the sky where the Pistol Star is located, but it is hidden from our view by a cloak of interstellar dust.
		The Pistol Star might be only 1 million to 3 million years old, astronomers say, and it will live for only another similar amount of time before exploding in a supernova.
	www.space.com /spacewatch/extreme_objects_020913-3.html (480 words)

	Catalog Page for PIA03653
		The next inset to the right includes the extremely luminous "Quintuplet" stars, a set of five massive stars believed to have buried themselves in cocoons of dust.
		Just below and to the right of the Quintuplet is the "Pistol" nebula, a bubble of ejected material from the central, massive Pistol star.
		The finger-like pillars to the left are part of a structure known as "Sickle." They are similar in size and shape to those in the famous picture of the Eagle Nebula taken by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
	photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA03653 (488 words)

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