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Topic: Piston engine

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	Rotary piston engine having a cogwheel pump and an oil metering pump - Patent 6474965
		A rotary piston engine according to claim 6, wherein the oil drainage openings of the side disks and a junction opening of the primary chamber are equi-directionally arranged.
		A rotary piston engine according to claim 17, wherein the oil drainage openings of the side disks and a junction opening of the primary chamber are equi-directionally arranged.
		A rotary piston engine according to claim 19, wherein the oil drainage openings of the side disks and a junction opening of the primary chamber are equi-directionally arranged.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6474965.html (2037 words)

	Steam Engine - MSN Encarta
		The relative positions of the piston and the slide valve are governed by the relative positions of where the crankshaft and the slide valve rod are fastened to the flywheel.
		By varying the point in the engine cycle at which steam is admitted to the cylinder, it is possible to vary the amount of compression and expansion in the cylinder and hence to vary the power output of the engine.
		Further improvement in the design of steam engines is afforded by the uniflow engine, which uses the piston itself as a valve and in which all portions of the cylinder remain at approximately the same temperature when the engine is operating.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761554687/Steam_Engine.html (1987 words)

	Axial piston engine - Patent 6796774
		An axial piston engine (1), including a housing (2) in whose inner compartment (4) a cylinder drum (17) and a swash plate (26) located axially adjacent thereto are situated.
		In the operating mode of the axial piston engine, in the housing interior a specific amount of leakage oil collects, which is under low pressure and flows off through a discharge gap or discharge channel to a tank.
		The underlying object of the invention is to develop an axial piston engine of the initially indicated type in such a way that, while simultaneously guaranteeing a stable construction, the multitooth coupling enables a flow penetration and/or a mechanical penetration from one side of the multitooth coupling to the other.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6796774.html (3169 words)

	Torsional Excitation by Piston Engines
		Piston engines are often referred to as "Internal Combustion" (IC) engines, which is something of a misnomer.
		However, the fact remains that piston engine output consists of peaks and valleys, and the peaks greatly exceed the measured torque of the engine.
		The waveform in Figure 2 the instantaneous torque curve for an even-firing 4-cylinder engine, measured at the output flange of the crankshaft.
	www.epi-eng.com /ET-PistonExcit.htm (1454 words)

	The Concept IC Engine
		In a conventional reciprocating internal combustion engine, the piston is forced down the cylinder by the expanding gases and the pressure they generate.
		The concept IC engine therefore, in effect has two engines, the primary or piston engine and the secondary or turbine engine, which are powered using the same amount of fuel needed to run a conventional reciprocating internal combustion engine.
		In conventional engines 42% of the energy generated is lost to exhaust, and 28% to the cooling system, by using energy which would otherwise be wasted, and improving on it, the recoilless engine, could be a 100% more efficient than present day conventional engines.
	conceptengine.tripod.com /conceptengine/id3.html (1242 words)

	Quasiturbine> Theory> Detonation Engine
		In experiments on photo-detonation with piston engines, the researchers attenuate the violence of the detonation by reducing the oxygen concentration in admission by mixing the air with exhaust.
		In speed, because the piston passes at the TDC with one discontinuous speed (deceleration, stop, and acceleration in opposite piston), whereas the QT-blade passes the high point at constant speed (with moreover a null radial component).
		Firstly, the piston is in rise (kinetic ascending) when early photo-detonation comes to strike it (kinetic downward), and like two objects moving in opposite direction run up very violently, the piston resists badly, whereas the QT-blade passes the TDC at constant kinetic and null radial speed.
	quasiturbine.promci.qc.ca /ETheoryDetonationEngine.htm (2820 words)

	Piston - WOI Encyclopedia Italia
		In general, a piston is a sliding plug that fits closely inside the bore of a cylinder.
		The piston is an important component of a piston engine and of hydraulic pneumatic systems.
		As the piston moves inside the cylinder, it transforms the energy from the expansion of a burning gas (usually a mixture of petrol or diesel and air) into mechanical power (in the form of a reciprocating linear motion).
	www.wheelsofitaly.com /wiki/index.php/Piston (269 words)

	JDM Honda Civic - JTuned: March 2003 - Piston Engine Theory (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The piston engine is, by far, the most common internal combustion engine used in the automotive industry.
		There are many parts to the piston engine and understanding the mechanics of that makes troubleshooting and modification theory much easier to understand.
		As the piston rises, it compresses all of the air and fuel mixture into a fraction of what it used to be.
	www.jdmcivic.com /jtuned/0303/pistonengine.php (846 words)

	Quasiturbine> Theory> Engine Problematic
		For all piston engines, the displacement is the total of the maximum cylinder volume, but for example, the 4-stroke piston does intake this volume of fuel mixture only once every 2 revolutions.
		Due to this effect, the engine in Beau de Rocha (Otto) cycle opposes to all RPM revolution increase (well known as the engine compression braking) and this intrinsic resistance to speed augmentation is compensated by a constant and important fuel consumption at all time, except at full power.
		Generally, the engine combustion chamber is a non-desirable parasite volume from the stand point of energy efficiency, since it must be pressurized in pure lost before being able to produce strong forces on the piston and so to make useful mechanical work.
	quasiturbine.promci.qc.ca /ETheoryEngineProblematic.htm (2946 words)

	Piston Engines
		The V-1650 liquid-cooled engine was the U.S. version of the famous British Rolls-Royce "Merlin" engine which powered the "Spitfire" and "Hurricane" fighters during the Battle of Britain in 1940.
		Designers responded by fitting the engine with a "supercharger." This was a pump that took in air and compressed it.
		Until that happened, the piston engine retained its advantage for use in bombers and airliners, which needed to be able to fly a great distance without refueling.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Evolution_of_Technology/piston_engines/Tech23.htm (1794 words)

	Watt Atmospheric Engine
		In this valve position, the upper piston chamber is opened to the boiler, and the lower piston chamber is open to the condenser.
		The steam piston and pump piston are connected to the beam with parallel motion mechanisms.
		The lower inlet to the piston is to the left of the valve.
	www.egr.msu.edu /~lira/supp/steam/wattengine.htm (1334 words)

	Howstuffworks "Basic Engine Parts"
		The core of the engine is the cylinder, with the piston moving up and down inside the cylinder.
		In a multi-cylinder engine, the cylinders usually are arranged in one of three ways: inline, V or flat (also known as horizontally opposed or boxer), as shown in the following figures.
		Piston rings provide a sliding seal between the outer edge of the piston and the inner edge of the cylinder.
	www.howstuffworks.com /engine2.htm (596 words)

	Aviation Maintenance Magazine :: Understanding Piston Engine Overhauls
		Based on their TBO (Time Between Overhaul) ratings, every piston engine must be removed, taken apart, checked, serviced, have components repaired or replaced as needed, and then be reassembled and reinstalled by trained professionals in order to remain in service.
		"Piston engine TBO is predominantly predetermined by their manufacturers, based on a combination of their hours of service and their age," explained Victor Sloan, president of Victor Aviation Service in Palo Alta, California.
		To get piston engines to their TBOs, it is vital to maintain them conscientiously, to monitor their performance constantly, and to do your best to hit that magic 40 hours/month flying time.
	www.aviationtoday.com /am/categories/bga/509.html (1702 words)

	Drive mechanisms of an opposed-piston engine
		because (1) power is supplied by two crankshafts in an opposed-piston engine, instead of one, and (2) the camshaft drives of the engines we have discussed thus far supply power to one or more accessories as well as to the valve-actuating gear.
		This is not true of the camshaft in an opposed-piston engine since ports are used instead of valves for both intake and exhaust.
		While the two engines described in preceding sections had only gear-type drive mechanisms, the opposed-piston engine used as an example in this section has chain assemblies as well as gear trains incorporated in the mechanisms that supply power to engine parts and accessories.
	www.tpub.com /engine3/en3-65.htm (268 words)

	Proper Engine Break-In by S&S
		Essentially, piston fit is the measurement, or clearance, between the piston skirt and cylinder walls that enclose it.
		A common way to lug an engine is to operate it at an extremely low rpm while the transmission is in a higher gear (for instance, leaving the transmission in fourth gear when it should be in second or third where engine speed is better matched to transmission speed).
		The best prevention for lugging an engine (either old or new) is to downshift to a lower gear where the engine runs more freely, and the transmission assists the engine in delivering peak power to the rear wheel.
	www.jpcycles.com /tech/articles/enginebreakin.htm (2365 words)

	American Stirling Co. - Stirling engines, Waste heat consulting, Sterling engines. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The hot piston moves to the upper part of the cylinder and the cold piston moves to the lower part of the cylinder during the first 90 degrees of revolution.
		And the pressure in the engine is increased.
		The two pistons are moved to upper part by the contraction of the air during the next 90 degrees.
	www.stirlingengine.com /TwoPiston-Anim.adp (203 words)

	The Subaru Boxer Engine: Piston and Crankshaft (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The piston is one of the most important parts of the engine, and its job is tough and complex.
		The head of the piston was treated with alumite to prevent wear in the grooves of the piston rings, and the piston skirt was coated with molybdenum to reduce friction.
		The crankshaft in a Subaru engine is short because a 4- or 6-cylinder horizontally opposed engine has two banks of two or three cylinders rather than a long single row of four or six cylinders, as with in-line engines.
	www.irvinesubaru.com /enthu/theboxerengine.html (924 words)

	Mahle Piston Kits - Engine Masters Magazine
		The phosphate coating on the piston top and the Grafal anti-friction coating on the piston skirts are applied to the finished pistons by Mahle, so they’re ready to go...
		Sharp builders have learned how critical temperature control inside the combustion chamber is, and coated pistons (along with coated chambers and valves) go a long way toward keeping detonation at bay and making each pistons contribution to the torque at the flywheel more consistent from cylinder to cylinder.
		The rings engineered to work with Mahle’s pistons are specifically designed to improve seal and fit correctly within the grooves.
	www.popularhotrodding.com /enginemasters/articles/hardcore/0412em_piston_kit (825 words)

	Green Car Congress: Concept: Oscillating Piston Engine (Another Toroidal Engine)
		The OPE is one of a number of toroidal internal combustion engines currently under development, including the MYT engine (earlier post), the VGT RoundEngine, the Rotary Opposed Piston Engine (ROPE), and the Trochilic engine.
		A toroidal engine is one in which the power pistons rotate in a perfectly circular chamber with the drive shaft at the geometric center.
		In a four-stroke-cycle engine, a rapid combustion is followed by an intake stroke which significantly cools the piston and the cylinder prior to the next power stroke.
	www.greencarcongress.com /2006/05/concept_oscilla.html (1276 words)

	Checking Piston to Valve Clearance
		Piston to valve contact is probably one of the most common causes of damage to a racing engine.
		Anytime you make a change to your engine in relation to the cam lift, cam timing, pistons, cylinder heads, rockers arms, or anything else that can change, even so slightly, the position of the valve in relation to the piston, you MUST verify that you have the minimum clearances safely met.
		It is required that on engines such as the big block Chevy that has different handed pistons that you do at least two cylinders so as to verify each design.
	www.centuryperformance.com /piston2valve.asp (1934 words)

	The Medium Speed 4 Stroke Trunk Piston Engine
		Diesel electric propulsion allows the engines to be placed wherever is most suitable, as they no longer have to be aligned with reduction gearing and shafting as is the case with conventional installations.
		The purpose of the skirt or trunk in four-stroke cycle engines is to act in a similar manner to a crosshead.
		With such engines, which are termed trunk-piston engines, the engine height is considerably reduced compared with that of a crosshead engine of similar power and speed.
	www.marinediesels.info /4_stroke_trunk_piston_engine_access.htm (422 words)

	Piston Airplane Engine Management
		Old-style piston-airplane engines require that the pilot constantly adjust the air-fuel mixture as the plane rises into thinner air or descends into denser air.
		Sadly, the engineers at Diamond decided that both the spring and the cable should be attached with the same bolt.
		Some flight schools teach a "burn-off" procedure in which the throttle is opened to about 1600 RPM, the engine is leaned for max RPM and run for 30 seconds, and finally the throttle is pulled back to idle before the mixture is pulled full lean for shutdown.
	philip.greenspun.com /flying/engine-management (2036 words)

	Trammel Engine Tech
		The Trammel Engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine based on a well known motion mechanism, called a Trammel mechanism or an ellipsograph, which serves the function of coupling a linear oscillating motion to a rotational motion.
		Fig.1 shows a conceptual drawing of the Trammel engine consisting of two perpendicular rigid piston pairs, connected through the outer pivot points of a clockwise rotating linkage having also a center pivot point performing a counter-clockwise circular orbit and through which a rotational output can be captured.
		The mechanical drawings for the second iteration of the basic engine are in the process of being done and a SAE paper on the subject has been written and was presented at Future of Transportation Technology (FTT) conference in Costa Mesa CA 1999.
	home.earthlink.net /~laust/engine.htm (1497 words)

	Piston Summary
		Of course, it is within the internal combustion engine that the piston was put to its most practical use.
		In any of these piston engines, the reciprocating power of the piston is converted into rotary power through the use of the connecting rod and crankshaft.
		One of the biggest internal combustion engines in the world, the Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C is a two-stroke; it is bigger than most two-storey houses, has pistons nearly 1m in diameter and is one of the most efficient mobile engines in existence.
	www.bookrags.com /Piston (789 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Car Engines Work"
		The purpose of a gasoline car engine is to convert gasoline into motion so that your car can move.
		Diesel engines are one form and gas turbine engines are another.
		A steam engine in old-fashioned trains and steam boats is the best example of an external combustion engine.
	auto.howstuffworks.com /engine.htm (606 words)

	The Ball Piston Engine: Report
		The engine design utilizes existing recent technology to advantage, such as silicon nitride ball pistons, so a large development effort is not required.
		Efforts to develop rotary internal combustion engines have been undertaken in the past, and are continuing.
		The Hanes rotary engine [3] uses an eccentric circular rotor in a circular chamber with sliding radial vanes.
	www.ballpistonengine.com /report.html (419 words)

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