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Topic: Planetary Grand Tour

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	MSN Encarta - Planetary Science
		Planetary geologists analyze rock samples from Earth and other worlds to determine the chemical compositions of planets in the solar system, which gives important clues regarding the origins and evolution of planetary bodies.
		These planetary fragments appear to have been blasted from the surfaces of these worlds by the impact of large asteroids that originated in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
		To planetary scientists, this indicates that the outer disk was cold enough that the ices of carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia could form.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563540_2/Planetary_Science.html (1687 words)

	Planetary Grand Tour - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Conceived by Gary Flandro of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the Grand Tour would have exploited the alignment of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto, an event that would occur in the late 1970s, and not recur for 176 years.
		NASA budget cuts eventually doomed the Grand Tour missions, as well as later proposals for a "mini grand tour".
		However, some elements of the Grand Tour were added to the Voyager program, which visited all the outer planets except Pluto.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Planetary_Grand_Tour (254 words)

	Solar system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They are not as clearly distinguished as planetary moons, sometimes being almost as large as their partners.
		The radiation from supernovae in spiral arms could theoretically sterilize planetary surfaces, preventing the formation of large animal life on land.
		The Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the outer planets following their launch in 1977, with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980 - 1981.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/solar_system (2653 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Planetary Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Study of Earthâs planetary system has revealed much about the origin, evolution, and essential processes of planetary systems in general.
		The immediate practical applications of planetary science concern the preservation of Earthâs environment in a state that supports life.
		The long-term applications of planetary science focus on the evolution of the physical structures of planetary systems and on the search for planets surrounding stars other than the Sun.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761563540___49/Planetary_Science.html (165 words)

	Solar System Encyclopedia Article, History, Biography @ Local Color Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Planetary systems are a more generic term for stars and the objects that orbit around them.
		The first probe to explore the outer planets was Pioneer 10, which flew by Jupiter in 1973.
		planetary system, although it was widely believed that other comparable systems did exist.
	www.stardustmemories.com /encyclopedia/Solar_system (2486 words)

	Artemis Project: Artemis Project Tour Design Guide
		Tours are organized with the Visitor's Center as the top-level document.
		As illustrated between Tour #2 and Tour #3, tour rings may also intersect, in which case there will be two (or more) sets of tour ring navigation aids at the bottom of the document.
		Navigational links to points outside the tours can be placed on the left side of the screen as an extension of the masthead in the same manner as the main ASI home page.
	www.asi.org /adb/09/04/02/tour-design-guide.html (637 words)

	, Voyager's Grand Tour: To the Outer Planets and Beyond (Smithsonian History of Aviation and Spaceflight Series), ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Content: A rare planetary alignment, a visionary team, and two space probes transform our knowledge of the solar system Every 176 years, Earth and the outer planets gather on one side of the sun, allowing close observation in a single flight, or Grand Tour.
		Content: "Voyager's Grand Tour: To the Outer Planets and Beyond," is an excellent book that tells the fascinating story of an overwhelmingly significant pair of probes that went to the outer planets of the Solar System, one of which is still providing scientific data as it reaches our heliopause.
		Note that actual planetary science covering our new knowledge of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and their many moons is found in other books, even though that knowledge was provided by the Voyager vessels.
	node13439.bookshop.com.ru /75/13439/item/1588341240.htm (1092 words)

	Planetary Society Is Huygens/Titan Resource Website Will Carry Sounds of Titan - Experts Available for Interview \| ...
		Emily Lakdawalla is The Planetary Society's Science and Technology Coordinator. She has been a guiding force behind several of the Society's projects, such as the Red Rover Goes to Mars Student Astronaut program, Mars Stations, and the Huygens International Art contest, to name a few.
		Planetary Society staff and officers are available for interviews about the sounds of Titan as well as other aspects of the mission. For more information about The Planetary Society or for interviews, please contact Susan Lendroth at 626-793-5100 ext 237.
		Carl Sagan, Bruce Murray and Louis Friedman founded The Planetary Society in 1980 to advance the exploration of the solar system and to continue the search for extraterrestrial life. With members in over 125 countries, the Society is the largest space interest group in the world.
	www.saturntoday.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=15903 (518 words)

	The Planetary Tour of Star Wars -"S" Database
		Grand Admiral Thrawn attacked a convoy from Sarka, which was defended by a New Republic Bulk Cruiser converted to a starfighter carrier.
		Beneath the surface of Selonia is a powerful planetary repulsor, which was used in ancient times to transport the planet into its current orbit from an unknown location.
		Grand Moff Tarkin developed the Tarkin Doctrine of rule by fear while he was a governor in charge of the Sesswenna sector and the Outer Rim Territories.
	www.imperialorder.org /galaxy/database/sfrm.html (6177 words)

	Voyager
		The mission was originally designed to make a "Grand Tour" of all five outer planets, but was descoped due to funding limitations.
		Additional planetary flybys for Voyager 1 were sacrificed to permit better science observations at Saturn.
		Following their final planetary encounters, the vehicles began the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM), which will measure interstellar fields, particles, and waves to the outer limits of the Sun's sphere of influence, and possibly beyond.
	www.astronautix.com /craft/voyager.htm (652 words)

	Voyager: The Grand Tour of Big Science
		By December 16, 1971, Fletcher had agreed to delete the TOPS version of Grand Tour from its fiscal 1973 budget request and to replace it with a pair of less expensive Mariner spacecraft to be known as Mariner Jupiter-Saturn to be launched in 1977.
		On October 15, 1971, although Grand Tour had not yet been authorized, the space agency issued an "Invitation for Participation in Mission Definition for Grand Tour Missions to the Outer Solar System" to specify its scientific objectives, that is, typical payloads and scientific instruments requiring a long lead-time to develop.
		Planetary scientists wanted Jupiter-intensive studies and separate missions to the individual outer planets, while NASA (especially JPL) wanted to send numerous spacecraft to the outer planets, but each one taking advantage of the rare Grand Tour launch window.
	history.nasa.gov /SP-4219/Chapter11.html (14150 words)

	Powell's Books - Grand Tour Rev Edition a Travellers Guide To the So by Ron Miller
		Hurricanes so enormous that the earth itself could be lost in one; a volcano larger than the state of Missouri and higher than Everest; a planet with a billion moons; a planet that rotates on its side; worlds made of solid ice; a world where it rains gasoline.
		Now with 190,000 copies in print, here is a spectacular Grand Tour of the solar system featuring a unique blend of science and art-photographs along with dazzling full-color paintings, drawings, and maps based on years of astronomer William Hartmann's research, personal observation, and interviews with colleagues.
		In text and diagrams, too, The Grand Tour explains how the strange and uncanny worlds on the journeys came to be, and what it would be like to actually set foot upon them today.
	www.powells.com /cgi-bin/biblio?inkey=1-1563050315-5 (319 words)

	Jupter Press Conference bios (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		His current research concerns planetary rings, the small bodies of the solar system (dust, satellites, comets and asteroids), orbital evolution and tides, in addition to the rotational dynamics and strength of satellites, planets and asteroids.
		He is a leader in the exploration by spacecraft of the solar system, having been involved in the Mariner 9 and Viking missions in the 1970s and in the Voyager grand tour of the outer planets, which visited Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune during the decade from 1979 to 1989.
		He was instrumental in initiating NASA's new Discovery program of small, inexpensive, planetary missions and has been selected by NASA to lead one of these efforts, the Comet Nucleus Tour, to be launched in 2002 for the detailed exploration of three comets.
	www.news.cornell.edu /releases/sept98/Jupiter.bios.html (536 words)

	OSETI III: 18 Years of Searching -- Where is The Planetary Society Headed?
		The Planetary Society has been supporting Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) projects for 18 years, ever since the first move by the U.S. Congress to outlaw the expenditure of NASA funds on the effort.
		He is a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, American Astronautical Society, the Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society, Sigma Xi and Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
		He left JPL in 1980 to become the Executive Director of The Planetary Society, a non-profit, popular society for enhancing the exploration of the planets and the search for extraterrestrial life.
	www.coseti.org /4273-34.htm (645 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Planetary Sciences (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Planetary Sciences presents a comprehensive coverage of this fascinating and expanding field at a level appropriate for graduate students and researchers in the physical sciences.
		Observations of the planets, moons, asteroids, comets and planetary rings in our Solar System, as well as extrasolar planets, are described, and the process of planetary formation is discussed.
		This is followed by hefty sections on planetary surfaces, planetary interiors, and planetary magnetospheres, each of which discuss the individual planets and satellites separately.
	images.spinics.net /am/0521482194 (1114 words)

	Cassini-Huygens: An Interview with Charley Kohlhase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		And a signature is just as unique as a fingerprint, and back in the 1950s, even when JPL was conducting just rocket launches, engineers would often write their names with a grease pencil somewhere on either the skin of the vehicle or inside.
		We would have people sign their name and then these names would be etched onto an aluminum plate that was about 4 by 5 inches big, and the plates would be stored somewhere inside the spacecraft.
		I would go to The Planetary Society and see them in groups scanning and sorting, and someone would say, 'Hey, look here -- here's a wonderful print' or 'Here's a wonderful this or that.' It was something that added a little interest to the job they were doing.
	www.planetary.org /news/2004/cassini_q-a_kohlhase.htm (2327 words)

	Caution -- Planetary Traffic Jam Ahead!
		A few hours later at 4 A.M., armed with a large-size amateur telescope, they can continue their grand tour by observing Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, a few wandering asteroids and maybe even Comet Ikeya-Zhang in the east.
		Finally, by quickly glancing down at the ground, they will have completed their grand tour of the solar system.
		It really wasn't until Kepler became fascinated with the harmony of the planets in the 16th century that the idea of a planetary conjunction came about to try to attach a scientific explanation to this event.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/skynightly-02a.html (1623 words)

	Traveller News Service
		With him were Grand Princess Iphigenia and her consort, Prince Ganidiirsi. With Strephon's return, the core of the Imperial family is once again represented on Capital for the first time in many days.
		Empress Iolanthe remains on tour in the rimward provinces, and is not expected to return until late in 1122.
		She was greeted by planetary officials, by the Duke of Harlequin, and by representatives of Archduke Adair.
	www.sjgames.com /gurps/traveller/tns.xml (8966 words)

	OASI - Archived Astronomy News Items
		Although Grand Tour will be cancelled, preparations are still going on for the launch of the first probe to Jupiter, Pioneer F. Launch date for Pioneer F is set for 27 February 1972.
		From analysis of the distribution of brightness across the planetary disk of Uranus, it seems that the planet uniformly shrouded by a thick layer of methane clouds topped by a semi-transparent atmosphere composed of molecular hydrogen gas.
		In the same year occurs the launch window for the Grand Tour, whereby a space probe could follow a trajectory to visit all the outer planets except Pluto.
	www.ast.cam.ac.uk /~ipswich/Miscellaneous/Archived_spaceflight_news.htm (16890 words)

	PlanetTrek Sculptors & Director
		Charley Kohlhase is a planetary mission designer, author, artist, teacher, environmentalist, and public outreach specialist.
		In his four-decade JPL career, he led the mission design activities for robotic missions to most of the planets, including the Cassini Mission now en route to Saturn, and the epic Voyager Grand Tour, receiving three NASA special achievement medals.
		Carl Sagan, Bruce Murray and Louis Friedman founded The Planetary Society in 1980 to advance the exploration of the solar system and to continue the search for extraterrestrial life.
	planettrek.planetary.org /aboutFine.html (605 words)

	Planetary Society: Voyager 25th Anniversary
		"The Voyager mission came into being when NASA cancelled another mission called the Grand Tour, a very large mission that was to have sent spacecraft to all of the outer planets, including Pluto.
		The plan for the Grand Tour had been to take advantage of a once in every 175 years planetary alignment and launch four specially designed, identical, Thermoelectric Outer Planets Spacecraft known as TOPS -- two in 1977 and two in 1979.
		Robby Vogt {Rochus E. Vogt} - a professor now at Caltech -- headed up the Science Working Group for the Grand Tour and had continued on in that capacity with MJS77, determining what the detailed science objectives should be and what kind of basic experiments ought to be performed.
	www.planetary.org /voyager25/bud-schiermier.html (1968 words)

	Definition of Solar system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Sizeable objects that orbit these planets are moons.
		Since then, increasingly distant planets have been reached, with probes landing on Venus in 1965, Mars in 1976, and Saturn 's moon Titan in 2005.
		Spacecrafts have also made close approaches to other planets: Mariner 10 passed Mercury in 1973, while the Voyager probes performed a grand tour of the solar system following their launch in 1977, with both probes passing Jupiter in 1979 and Saturn in 1980 - 1981.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/solar_system.html (2292 words)

	Amazon.ca: Books: Stardust to Planets: A Geological Tour of the Sola System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		McSween gives new life to the standard "Grand Tour" of astronomy by keeping his eyes on the rocks--the geologic facts of the solar system.
		Head of the Geological Sciences department at the University of Tennessee, McSween avoids the temptation to use these shards of information as any sort of "cosmologist's stone" to advance a vision of the origins of the universe, although his few generalizations line up with the Big Bang theory.
		This well-written report from a working planetary scientist achieves his goal of demonstrating how "geologic perspective can provide a new understanding of our cosmic neighborhood." It offers an enlightening balance to the spate of books by theoretical physicists and cosmologists.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0312093942 (334 words)

	The Planetary Tour of Star Wars -"P" Database
		Grand Admiral Thrawn had funds transferred into Admiral Ackbar's account through the central bank on Palanhi in an effort to discredit the Admiral and create a false trail to trap anyone who investigated.
		Five years after the Battle of Endor, Grand Admiral Thrawn's forces visited Pantolomin and forced the Coral Vanda to surrender its passenger Captain Hoffner, who knew the location of the lost Katana fleet.
		Grand Admiral Thrawn's forces made information raids on several systems in the Paonnid region.
	www.imperialorder.org /galaxy/database/pfrm.html (2180 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Exploring Planetary Worlds at Epinions.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Basic information on planetary motion and gravity is provided and is explained in a way that is easy to understand for both scientists and non-scientists.
		In addition to the photographs, Morrison includes sketches and diagrams to explain various concepts that are introduced in the text, such as planetary magnetic fields, and rotational anomalies.
		The text in each chapter clearly goes over the history of exploration for each planet, the craft that have visited it, the current state of knowledge (as of 1993) and any future missions planned for the planets.
	www.epinions.com /content_134609800836 (697 words)

	SCIFI.COM: Web Guide > Science Fact > Space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Site features include a star-spotting quiz, a database of historically important astronomers, a 3-D tour of the solar system, a timeline of space exploration, a newsletter, and many articles of interest.
		This multimedia tour of the solar system also includes tons of fascinating astronomical info, including a chronology of discovery, facts on hypothetical planets, other solar systems, and more.
		Take a fly-by tour of the solar system, and observe close-up views of the planets, extraterrestrial weather patterns, and more, in this site's 3-D interactive model.
	www.scifi.com /webguide/subcategory.php3?id=100 (3988 words)

	People: Center Faculty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Cleaveland's interests include the origin and evolution of planetary atmospheres and examination of the great differences between the Earth, Venus and Mars as a way of determining what the most important influences are that shape planetary environments.
		He is a founding co-I of the Arkansas Center for Planetary and space Sciences, serves as Chairman of the Deployment Subcommittee of the AIAA Working Group on Gossamer and Inflatable Structures for Space Applications, and served as an Associate Editor of the recently released Gossamer Spacecraft: Membrane and Inflatable Structures Technology for Space Applications.
		He is the director of the Arkansas-Oklahoma Center for Space and Planetary Sciences and is a member of the Cosmochemistry Research Group.
	www.uark.edu /misc/csaps/People/cen_faculty.html (2843 words)

	A grand tour of the solar system? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A lot of fuel is consumed in slowing down when you get to Saturn, and then slowing down again when you return to Earth.
		The second part of the strategy is to gather propellant for the return trip at the destination, thereby reducing the average takeoff weight of the bombs.
		"The mission was the grand tour of the solar system", remembers Harris Mayer." (pp.
	www.talkaboutabook.com /group/rec.arts.books/messages/421446.html (1095 words)

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