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Topic: Planned obsolescence

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	PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE: THE ULITMATE ECONOMIC INEFFICIENCY
		The main culprit is planned obsolescence, whereby the profitability of companies is given higher priority than the welfare of consumers or the environment.
		Planned obsolescence has been around since the 1920's and became widespread by the 1950's.
		Planned obsolescence is one of the most consistent features of modern capitalism.
	www.davidmcminn.com /ngc/pages/obsol.htm (1322 words)

	Planned obsolescence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Planned obsolescence (also built-in obsolescence (UK)) is the conscious decision on the part of an agency to produce a consumer product that will become obsolete and/or non-functional in a defined time frame.
		Planned obsolescence has great benefits for a producer in that it means a consumer will buy their product repeatedly, as their old one is no longer functional or desirable.
		Planned obsolescence was first developed in the 1920s and 1930s when mass production had opened every minute aspect of the production process to exacting analysis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Planned_obsolescence (1738 words)

	Planned obsolescence (business) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Obsolescence, in general, is the process of passing out of usefulness.
		Planned systemic obsolescence is the deliberate attempt to make a product obsolete by altering the system in which it is used in such a way as to make its continued use difficult.
		Obsolescence is built into these products in the sense that marketers are aware of the shortness of their product life cycles so they work within that constraint.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Planned_obsolescence_(business) (1504 words)

	[No title]
		Indeed, rapid obsolescence and planned obsolescence are unavoidable drafting issues for employers, and interpretation issues for trial courts, in the 21st century.
		Obsolescence is a Consequence of Rapidly Evolving Technology EarthWeb and similar cases may presage an era where judges declare certain employee knowledge obsolete in determining whether to enforce noncompete and confidentiality agreements in the high-tech industry.
		If planned obsolescence is truly alive, well and profitable, then employers will be hard-pressed to convince courts that they should be allowed to capitalize on that profitability at the expense of their employees by drafting noncompete agreements devoid of a planned obsolescence clause.
	www.stlr.org /html/volume6/hodges.txt (8839 words)

	PARALLAX - The Journal of Ethics and Globalization (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Planned obsolescence is a business strategy born of the same pressure driving globalization: the incessant need for new markets.
		The ethical corollary to planned obsolescence is planned evanescence.
		Planned obsolescence is smart business in a frantic market, and it's futile to demand its end.
	www.parallaxonline.org /ewhotakestrash.html (807 words)

	TDP - Planned Obsolescence's Unplanned Risks Computers, Cell Phones and TVs Putting Throwaway Culture Into Overdrive
		Obsolescence by any other name has helped nourish a sweet economy, but a hidden cost is coming due fast, in the poisonous waste quickly overwhelming the world's capacity to deal with it.
		Though he illustrates various forms of obsolescence, much of Slade's book is an amiable and informative history of 20th century technologies, often through the life stories of the people involved in creating, producing and disseminating them.
		Slade takes planned obsolescence one step beyond with a chapter on how the United States fed Soviet spies faulty technological designs in the '70s and '80s, so that their oil facilities and military systems broke down suddenly and sometimes spectacularly.
	www.discovery.org /a/3482 (779 words)

	Computers: The Poster Children of Planned Obsolescence? - Associated Content
		Planned Obsolescence is a term seldom used by your standard citizen, but is also a term that is very important in the business of marketing and technology.
		Others argue that planned obsolescence is needed in order to keep innovation at a steady pace and to bring new and improved products to the market faster.
		Whether you believe planned obsolescence is a good thing or not, it is still very prevalent in today's computer market, but only hurts the consumer that likes to stay on the "cutting edge" of technology.
	www.associatedcontent.com /article/471548/computers_the_poster_children_of_planned.html (412 words)

	New Engineer: Ethics and Planned Obsolescence
		This is article was published as Sharon Beder, "Is planned obsolescence socially responsible?", Engineers Australia, November 1998, p.
		By the 1950s planned obsolescence had become routine and engineers worried over the ethics of deliberately designing products of inferior quality.
		However they weren't so much concerned about the ethics of planned obsolescence so much as the possible outcomes for the hypothetical company cited in the case study, which had a solid reputation for high quality products.
	www.uow.edu.au /arts/sts/sbeder/columns/engcol8.html (510 words)

	Committee of 100, Planned Obsolescence
		But nationwide research shows that the current plan for a new convention center will result in a facility that will not rank among the 15 largest convention centers in the nation.
		With the Mt. Vernon plan for a new convention center, D.C. is on the brink of repeating the same mistake it made with the old convention center.
		The Committee of 100 on the Federal City is the oldest citizens planning and advocacy group in Washington.
	www.dcwatch.com /comm100/100plan.htm (1139 words)

	Medicare for Software: How to Sustain and Retire Software (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Planning for a software product's productive lifetime is nonetheless an important and rewarding activity.
		lanned obsolescence is nothing more than extending the well known technique of "time-boxing" from the development stage through to the sustenance, deprecation and retirement stages of a product's life.
		Even if you plan only two versions a year, it is likely that each version's useful lifetime is much more than six months.
	community.borland.com /borcon2004/article/paper/0,1963,32239,00.html (1484 words)

	In Praise of Shoddy Products - Mises Institute
		One of the many targets of anti-market thinkers in the 1950s was so-called "planned obsolescence"—the practice of manufacturers to design their products to wear out and break down at a certain point in the future.
		Clever manufacturers would couple this planned obsolescence with a cosmetic change masquerading as an improvement to fool the consumer into thinking that he got his money's worth, when in fact he was really being ripped off, paying twice for what should have only been bought once.
		It is planned by producers because consumers prefer improvement to permanence, availability to longevity, replaceability to repairability, motion and change to durability.
	www.mises.org /fullstory.aspx?Id=1701 (1491 words)

	"Planned Obsolescence" Is A Waste: Where To Repair Your Electronics
		As far as real planned obsolescence goes, I think it is a combination of hardware/manufacturing, software, the current state of technology, etc...
		The only thing I missed from the general definition of planned obsolescence is the part where the obsolescence is purposely designed in.
		This biggest factor in planned obsolescence is lack of parts, well and crappy non repairable parts like plastic.
	consumerist.com /consumer/fix-it/planned-obsolescence-is-a-waste-where-to-repair-your-electronics-288633.php (4369 words)

	Planned Obsolescence
		For some products it's easy to see that planned obsolescence is inevitable.
		To have obsolescence due to innovation is one thing.
		Planned obsolescence weakens the bond between customer and business and makes the customer more distrusting of business.
	www.mabelwhite.com /plannedobsolescence.htm (453 words)

	The Manila Times Internet Edition \| BUSINESS > Innovation and planned obsolescence (Site not responding. Last check: )
		According to wikipedia.org: “Planned or built-in obsolescence is the conscious decision on the part of an agency to produce a consumer product that will become obsolete in a defined time frame.
		Planned obsolescence has great benefits for a producer.
		Planned obsolescence could have beneficial or detrimental effects.
	manilatimes.net /national/2005/nov/03/yehey/business/20051103bus11.html (723 words)

	Planned Obsolescence
		Products ranging from inexpensive light bulbs to high-priced goods such as cars and buildings are subject to planned obsolescence by manufacturers and producers.
		Planned obsolescence does not always sit well with consumers, especially if competing companies offer similar products but with much more durability.
		However, planned obsolescence doesn't always have such a negative connotation.
	www.investopedia.com /terms/p/planned_obsolescence.asp (321 words)

	CrunchGear » Archive » The Futurist: Why The iPhone Reeks Of Planned Obsolescence
		Planned obsolescence is a business model, and Apple has perfected it.
		So you and I can talk till the cows come home about how annoying planned obsolescence is, but at the end of the day, iPhones are still going to be sold out for months after the release, and Apple will make gobs of cash.
		Regarding the “who cares?” message from Andy: the shortcomings Seth describes, and their being a result of planned obsolescence, matters because Apple is marketing the iPhone in a manner opposite of its reality.
	www.crunchgear.com /2007/06/14/the-futurist-why-the-iphone-reeks-of-planned-obsolescence (4362 words)

	Industrial Strength Design: How Brooks Stevens Shaped Your World
		Stevens was proud to claim that he had coined the term 'planned obsolescence,' by which he described a strategy for stimulating sales based on making products appear, through design, to be improved over their previous (equally functional) models.
		Today, planned obsolescence also is considered a method of stimulating consumer demand by designing products that wear out or become outmoded after limited use.
		All the same, however, he was careful to say that planned obsolescence was not the same as organized waste.
	www.mam.org /exhibitions/_sites/brooks/lesson4.asp (1912 words)

	Stratics Central - Dave Cerra - Planned Obsolescence 2: Thanks for the Check, Dad (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Sojourner column that suggested that the use of expansion pack releases is essentially planning obsolescence into MMO design generated quite a bit of email.
		Obviously, I feel that greed is only our friend in the short-term, which is why I described expansion packs as models of planned obsolescence that are ultimately a slippery slope.
		I don't believe that it's necessary for a publisher, or a self-publishing developer, to continue to own every step of the channel to enjoy the profits, and I certainly don’t think that it should be done at the expense of the consumer.
	www.stratics.com /content/columns/cerra/cerra5.php?nocookies=1 (1288 words)

	What is planned obsolescence a definition from WhatIs.com - see also: built-in obsolescence
		Planned obsolescence, also called built-in obsolescence, is the conception, design and production of a product, such as hardware or software, with the intent that it should be useful, functional or popular for a limited length of time.
		In the computer industry, planned obsolescence occurs in a synergistic manner between the hardware and software sectors.
		Cynics decry planned obsolescence as a symptom of a "disposable society" and express nostalgia for the "good old days" when things were "built to last." Corporate executives counter with the claim that planned obsolescence is market-driven, taking place for no other purpose than to keep pace with the ever-changing needs and wants of consumers.
	whatis.techtarget.com /definition/0,,sid9_gci1238871,00.html (336 words)

	The Groove Cats
		Usually this practise is called ‘planned obsolescence’ to differentiate it from other forms of obsolescence.
		Well aside from people being diddled when reasonable expectations of durability are not met, planned obsolescence results in extra landfill and extra pollution at the manufacture stage.
		Further technology improving rapidly enough to avoid planned obsolescence is in the minority, and do not include household goods like vacuum cleaners and toasters.
	groups.msn.com /TheGrooveCats/bosch.msnw (1000 words)

	Planned obsolescence is unfair
		Technological Obsolescence: Technological obsolescence is another word for the computer industry; in today's world, computer companies are forced to introduce new products as rapidly as possible to stay ahead of competition.
		In fact, technological obsolescence is so common across product and market categories that in every category you will find this problem, be it cars, scooters, watches, milk, shampoos, or even baby food.
		Planned obsolescence weakens the bond between customer and business and makes the customer more distrusting of business.
	www.blonnet.com /businessline/catalyst/2001/01/04/stories/1904o053.htm (931 words)

	The Liberal Order: Planned Obsolescence
		Let’s put some numbers to Arnold Kling’s argument that planned obsolescence is not a profit maximizing strategy as in his example of the myth of GE’s lifetime light bulb.
		Planned obsolescence is only a profit maximizing strategy when a firm enjoys a very high markup for his or her product that must be repurchased.
		Here's another drawback of planned obsolescence: If I sell you a one-year lightbulb, there's no guarantee that you'll buy a lightbulb from me next year.
	liberalorder.typepad.com /the_liberal_order/2006/01/planned_obsoles.html (791 words)

	Planned Obsolescence vs. Designed Deterioration : TreeHugger
		Core77 points us to a great essay by designer Khoi Vinh about the relationship between planned obsolescence -- the idea that objects are designed with a specific lifetime in mind -- and "designed deterioration" -- the very TreeHugger idea that we should be designing objects that actually improve with age.
		Though a case can be made that the iPhone will be the last phone you'll buy, planned obsolescence and technological advancement suggest otherwise; yet, Apple still sold approximately 500,000 of them during the gadget's opening weekend of sale.
		Planned obsolescence is a personal choice; everyone decides when they will shell out their dollars for new electronic products.
	www.treehugger.com /files/2007/07/planned_obsoles_1.php (2210 words)

	The iPod Is Bad Garbage :: tyeebooks.ca
		James Glave: You portray planned obsolescence and disposability as forces of evil and waste.
		The problem for them was, there is not enough obsolescence in the television market; they are built to last five to seven years.
		This episode is significant because it revealed how planned obsolescence -- the technological Trojan Horse -- had become such a cultural principal in the United States that it was elevated to the level of geopolitics, and in that arena it worked very well.
	thetyee.ca /Books/2006/08/01/MadeToBreak (1977 words)

	hulger.org » Blog Archive » PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE
		The official definition he came up with was “Instilling in the buyer the desire to own something a little newer, a little better, a little sooner than is necessary.” It became something that he would be repeating for the rest of his career, and he took nearly every opportunity to present his philosophy.
		By the late 1950s, Planned Obsolescence had become a commonly used term that people understood, although it wasn’t looked on favorably.
		One of Vance Packard’s criticisms of planned obsolescence was related to an ethical principle.
	www.hulger.org /brookes-stevens-planned-obsolescence (571 words)

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