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Topic: Plasma universe

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Plasma cosmology

Hannes Olof Gosta Alfven

	Plasma cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Plasma cosmology explains the large scale structure and evolution of the universe, from galaxy formation to the cosmic microwave background by invoking electromagnetic phenomena associated with laboratory plasmas.
		Plasma cosmology is explained as much as possible in terms of known physics, using the theoretical and experimental results of laboratory plasma physics in cosmological applications.
		In turn this invariance means that the duration of plasma phenomena scales as their size, so that galaxies a hundred thousand light years across with characteristic evolution times of billions of years scale to transient laboratory-scale phenomena lasting a microsecond.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Plasma_cosmology (4853 words)

	Plasma universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Plasma cosmology is a non-standard cosmological view which relies on the electromagnetic effects of plasma for explaining the large-scalestructure of the universe, energy storage, and energy flow between separate areas of the universe, among other things.
		In the mid- 1990s, interest in plasma cosmologies arose among the standard (Big Bang) cosmological community, mostly as a "fallback" theory, in case COBE failed to discover variations in the cosmic microwave background or in case primordial helium abundances turned out to be unexplainable by standard cosmologies.
		Despite the general importance of plasma in astrophysics, and the assertions of the standard model that electromagneticforces may be important for describing local phenomena, the standard model continues to delineate that these forces are notimportant at large cosmological distances.
	www.therfcc.org /plasma-universe-40545.html (1449 words)

	Plasma cosmology -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Despite the general importance of plasma in astrophysics, and the assertions of the (additional info and facts about standard model) standard model that (additional info and facts about electromagnetic force) electromagnetic forces may be important for describing local phenomena, the standard model continues to delineate that these forces are not important at large cosmological distances.
		Plasma cosmology apologists point out that researchers at the University of Durham have analyzed results from the (additional info and facts about WMAP) WMAP probe and discovered cluster correlations in certain modes of the CMB's anisotropies.
		In his model, the universe exists as a mixture of (Written works (especially in books or magazines)) matter and (Matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those making up normal matter) antimatter which he called (additional info and facts about ambiplasma) ambiplasma.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pl/plasma_cosmology.htm (2503 words)

	Plasma
		It differs from cosmology, or the science of the universe, in that the latter aims at understanding the actual composition and governing laws of the universe as it now exists; while the former answers the question as to how it first came to be.
		Plasma Cosmology is a way of understanding how our universe can come about and exist when the physical cosmos has, and is moved by, an electric cause (mans current understanding of vortexya).
		Plasma clouds moving in the magnetic field of the sun generate a current that flows towards the sun.
	www.angelfire.com /rnb/pp0/plasma.html (1938 words)

	ScienceMaster - JumpStart - Plasma Universe
		Ionospheric plasma is very thin and has distinctive layers that differ in composition and density: the F1 layer (around 200 kilometers) and F2 layer (around 300 to 400 kilometers).
		In the F2 layer, where the plasma is most dense, there are rarely more than 1 million electron-ion pairs in a cubic centimeter (cc), or thimbleful, of space; in comparison, the neutral gas density for the same region is typically 1 billion particles per cc.
		Plasma is strongly influenced by both magnetic and electric forces, and in turn, plasma particles affect the distribution of magnetic and electric fields.
	www.sciencemaster.com /jump/space/plasma.php (748 words)

	Plasma cosmology
		In the mid-1990s, interest in plasma cosmologies arose among the standard (Big Bang) cosmological community, mostly as a "fallback" theory, in case COBE failed to discover variations in the cosmic microwave background or in case primordial helium abundances turned out to be unexplainable by standard cosmologies.
		One of the most well developed models of plasma cosmology which challenges the standard Big Bang cosmology was first developed in 1965 by Hannes Alfven.
		Although 3-D formation simulations of single galaxies have been performed using the plasma model (see articles by Anthony Peratt) wherein electromagnetic forces are taken into account along with gravitation, there have been no published papers which attempt to calculate correlation functions and comparison with observations.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/pl/plasma_cosmology.html (1855 words)

	Electric Plasma effects in the cosmos
		Plasmas are excellent conductors and, therefore, there will not be a significant voltage drop across them while they are carrying current - thus the need for the presence of the DL that "takes" most of any externally applied voltage.
		The electrical conductivity of any material, including plasma, is determined by two factors: the density of the population of available charge carriers (the ions) in the material, and the mobility of these carriers.
		In fact, electric currents, flowing in plasmas, have been shown to produce most of the observed astronomical phenomena that are inexplicable if we assume that the only forces at work in the cosmos are magnetism and gravity.
	www.electric-cosmos.org /electricplasma.htm (2514 words)

	Release 52
		The dark matter is ionized dust particles and ions in the plasma; and dark energy is the electromagnetic fields of the plasma.
		The discovery supports the Plasma Universe model that was conceived by Hannes Alfven, in 1966.
		Plasma Cosmology is based upon a broad foundation of observations, scientific phenomenon, and symmetry between matter and antimatter.
	www.matter-antimatter.com /release_52.htm (371 words)

	Kronia Group - Electric Universe
		Space is filled with plasma, the fourth state of matter.
		Plasma consists of hot ionized atoms and is influenced by magnetic fields.
		In mid-1997, the Soho satellite detected a plasma structure issuing from Venus and almost reaching the surface of Earth.
	www.kronia.com /electric.html (462 words)

	Plasma astrophysics. - Astronomy - What's Been Published (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Plasma astrophysics : nonthermal processes in diffuse magnetized plasmas / D. Melrose.
		Plasma astrophysics : kinetic processes in solar and stellar coronae / by Arnold Benz.
		Astrophysical plasmas and fluids / by Vinod Krishan.
	www.pitbossannie.com /rps-qb-plasma-astrophysics.html (209 words)

	The Plasma Universe
		Plasma processes are important factors in the behavior of stars, interstellar clouds, comets, the aurora, and even in our upper atmosphere.
		Plasma begins to dominate Earth's environment in the ionosphere.
		(Neutral gas density at Earth's surface is approximately 10 billion billion particles per cc.) The plasma in these layers, consisting mainly of electrons and atomic oxygen ions, is sustained by the ionizing action of solar ultraviolet radiation on the neutral atmospheric gas.
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /academy/universe/plasma_univ.html (729 words)

	A strange quark plasma (October 2000) - Physics World - PhysicsWeb
		This suppression was predicted to occur in the quark-gluon plasma, and it cannot be accounted for by extrapolating the absorption of J/psi particles in confined matter from proton-nucleus interactions to lead-lead interactions.
		Such behaviour, which is not expected in the absence of a quark-gluon plasma, has indeed been observed in comparisons of data from proton-beryllium collisions with data from lead-lead collisions (figure 5).
		The quark-gluon plasma is a copious source of strange quarks and antiquarks, which are normally hard to find; therefore, when the plasma fireball breaks up into the final-state hadrons, there will be a good chance that these hadrons will contain two or more strange quarks or antiquarks.
	www.physicsweb.org /article/world/13/10/9 (4332 words)

	Can Gravity be Induced?
		The observation that plasmas align and reinforce magnetic fields is at odds with the fusion/core theories which rest on the assumption that the mutual gravitational attraction of the Sun's individual atoms override all other acting forces.
		It occurs to me that the disparity between plasma behavior and the gravitational solar core theory is understandable; the fusion/core models originated before the nature of plasma configurations were understood.
		Plasmas which are shot through a plasma gun (a magnetic field) and into a vacuum tube display well defined structures.
	www.goodfelloweb.com /nature/cgbi/index.html (3773 words)

	Liquid universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		This resulted, most experts agree, in the formation of a long-sought-after plasma that is believed to be the primal stuff of the cosmos, the state of matter at the beginning of time.
		Not only were the jets uneven, but their absorption by the plasma was 10 times as high as anyone had expected.
		This means the quark-gluon plasma is extremely dense - 30 to 50 times as dense as predicted - which suggests the quarks in the plasma are exhibiting incredibly synchronised group behaviour and interacting strongly with each other and the surrounding gluons.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-10/ns-lu101304.php (1425 words)

	H O L O S C I E N C E - Philosopher's Corner
		Everything we see in the universe, with the possible exception of a few specks of planets and reflection nebulas, is ionized to some degree.
		The initial condition of the observed universe is that of charges already separated.
		After seeing that the universe is already electrified, a calculation on the back of another envelope shows that gravity is too weak--by about 40 orders of magnitude!-- to account for the observed structure, movement, and dissipation of energy.
	www.holoscience.com /views/view_charge.htm (828 words)

	Plasma [Oulu] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In a weakly ionized plasma the charge-neutral interactions are still important, while in strongly ionized plasma the multiple Coulomb interactions are dominant.
		A plasma is a conductor of electricity, but a volume with dimensions greater than the so-called Debye length exhibits electrically neutral behavior.
		On the Earth, plasmas usually do not occur naturally except in the form of lightning bolts, which consist of narrow paths of air molecules of which approximately 20 percent are ionized, and in parts of flames.
	www.oulu.fi /%7Espaceweb/textbook/plasma.html (407 words)

	Articles / Impact / The Plasma Universe - Institute for Creation Research
		The name "plasma" is applied to a high temperature gas when the outer electrons become separated from their atoms.
		That is, the observed behavior of plasma in a small laboratory chamber is assumed to be duplicated on the vastly larger scale of galaxy clusters.
		Fourth, the plasma universe assumes that electric and magnetic forces are dominant in space instead of gravity.
	www.icr.org /index.php?module=articles&action=view&ID=357 (1409 words)

	Plasma Science and Technology - Applications - Plasma Astrophysics
		Plasmas are a combination of neutrals, ions, electrons and fields that have conductive and collective effects and where interparticle dynamics is not dominated simply by binary collisions.
		Even though space plasmas usually maintain quasi-neutrality to within less than about 1 part per million, there can still be substantial currents, convection, plasma flows, plasma waves and shocks and other plasma effects that interconnect plasmas over vast expanse as demonstrated by direct measurements of solar system space plasmas.
		Plasma astrophysics is the cutting edge of 21st century astrophysics and cosmology studies.
	www.plasmas.org /space-astrophys.htm (494 words)

	TheUniverse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In association with the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society
		plasma c osmogony-the formation of the solar system
		pioneers in the development of a plasma universe
	public.lanl.gov /alp/plasma/universe.html (26 words)

	PLASMA THEORY OF THE UNIVERSE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Nuclear fusion reactors could be used to study what the universe was like just after the big bang.
		So claims a physicist who noticed that the plasma created inside these reactors is distributed in a strikingly similar way to galaxies in today's universe.
		Basse argues that the distribution of galaxies today could be the result of variations in the density of plasma after the big bang.
	www.surfingtheapocalypse.net /cgi-bin/forum.cgi?noframes;read=79708 (248 words)

	Panpsychism and Pantheism: The Theory of Everything (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The prevailing theory is gravity based, but the Plasma Universe Model is alive and well.
		Plasma can be created and measured in the laboratory; while gravity cannot.
		To many of the mainstream, the Plasma model seems more like a religion than a science, but then the same could be said of the gravity group who are continually plugging holes in their theories with ideas that often seem fantastic.
	www.panpsychism.net /html/everything.html (252 words)

	The Electric Cosmos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		It is becoming clear that 99% of the universe is made up not of "invisible matter", but rather, of matter in the plasma state.
		Electrodynamic forces in electric plasmas are much stronger than the gravitational force.
		It is no wonder they cannot understand that 99% of all cosmic phenomena are due to plasma dynamics and not to gravity alone.
	www.electric-cosmos.org /index.htm (454 words)

	Plasma Cosmology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Secondly, the model does not invoke any exotic physics (other than antimatter, which has been verified on Earth in high-energy colliders), instead modelling the universe using the well-understood electro static and magnetic forces along with gravity.
		Although 3-D formation simulations of single galaxies have been performed using the plasma model (see articles by Anthony Peratt) wherein electro static and magnetic forces are taken into account along with gravitation, there have been no published papers which attempt to calculate correlation functions and comparison with observations.
		Many astrophysicists believe that the standard cosmology can make the detailed and observable predictions than current plasma cosmology model that has been proposed.
	www.wikiverse.org /plasma-cosmology (1481 words)

	Science: Physics: Cosmology Problems Big Bang - Open Site
		However, the observed irregularities of the universe, which include vast galactic formations, (9) gigantic voids and sheets of galaxies, (10) and the "Great Wall", (11,12) that is estimated to stretch across one half billion light years of space, tend to deny that smoothness.
		The smoothness of the distribution of the matter of the universe is said to be verified by the smoothness of microwave background radiation (MBR) that is received from all directions of space.
		The enormous expansion of the early universe at speeds far in excess of that of light, in accordance with inflation theory, is said to solve the Big Bang smoothness problem.
	open-site.org /Science/Physics/Cosmology_Problems_Big_Bang (4771 words)

	The Ultimate Goal: QGP
		Physicists believe that RHIC collisions will compress and heat the gold nuclei so much that their individual protons and neutrons will overlap, creating an enormously energetic area where, for a brief time, a relatively large number of free quarks and gluons can exist.
		Note that in the plasma, the quarks, gluons and anti-quarks are liberated from their usual bonds, and bond with one another freely.
		As the universe aged and cooled, the plasma coalesced into protons and neutrons (hadronization), then nuclei (nucleosynthesis) and then atoms.
	www.bnl.gov /rhic/QGP.htm (502 words)

	plasma currents and other plasma related information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		plasma plasmas in the universe magnetic fields in space electric currents and transmission lines in space electric...
		Plasma Welding: More Accurate, Better Control At Lower Currents Equally suited to manual and automated applications, plasma offers many advantages in producing miniature and precision welds...
		plasma is determined largely by the configuration of the magnetic field in the plasma.
	www.nethorde.com /plasma/plasma-currents.html (320 words)

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