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Topic: Plasminogen

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	The Llinás group - Research - Human Plasminogen Kringle 1
		The solution structure of the human plasminogen kringle 1 domain complexed to the antifibrinolytic drug 6-aminohexanoic acid (epsilon Ahx) was obtained on the basis of 1H-NMR spectroscopic data and dynamical simulated annealing calculations.
		With the presence of disulfide bonds, plasminogen's structure is divided into a contiguous series of five homologous regions called kringles.
		Plasminogen is converted to plasmin by cleavage of Lys-77 releasing the N-terminal peptide.
	www.chem.cmu.edu /groups/Llinas/res/structure/hpk.html (497 words)

	Oxford Biomedical Research (800) 692-4633
		Plasminogen Description: Plasminogen, a single chain glycoprotein zymogen, is the precursor the fibrinolytic enzyme plasmin.
		The native form of plasminogen is composed of 791 amino acids with glutamic acid located at the N-terminal portion (Glu-plasminogen).
		Plasminogen is converted to plasmin via a cascade of various reactions that result in the hydrolysis of Arg560-Val561 peptide bond of plasminogen resulting in two chains that remain covalently associated by a disulfide bond.
	www.oxfordbiomed.com /vb106plsminogen.html (164 words)

	Impaired Arterial Neointima Formation in Mice with Disruption of the Plasminogen Gene -- Carmeliet et al. 99 (2): 200 ...
		Expression of plasminogen activators and inhibitors in injured rat arteries.
		Glomerulonephritis in mice with genetic deficiencies of the plasminogen systesm.
		Thrombin receptor and urokinase-type plasminogen activator are colocalized in vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/99/2/200 (5225 words)

	Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Potentiate Plasmin Generation by Both Urokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator-Dependent ...
		Plasminogen activators play a role in the response of the vessel wall to injury, presumably by mediating the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that is necessary for their migration and proliferation.
		Although both of the plasminogen activators are implicated in VSMC plasmin generation, it is primarily uPA that has been considered to be involved in pericellular proteolysis due to its binding to a specific cellular receptor (uPAR) that both potentiates and localizes its activity.
		The determination of plasminogen activator activity under these conditions is complicated by the direct effect of 6AHA on Glu-plasminogen activation due to conversion of plasminogen into a more readily activatable substrate, thus leading to an underestimation of the effect of competing the cellular binding of plasminogen.
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/90/6/2312 (8614 words)

	Function of Plasminogen
		Plasminogen is the inactive precursor of the trypsin-like serine protease plasmin.
		When plasminogen becomes activated and is converted to plasmin, it unfolds a potent enzymatic domain that dissolves the fibrinogen fibers that entgangle the blood cells in a blood clot.
		When plasminogen is activated in a blood clot, it unfolds to expose an enzymatic domain that cleaves fibrinogen fibers.
	www.cs.stedwards.edu /chem/Chemistry/CHEM43/CHEM43/Plasmin/FUNCTION.HTML (473 words)

	Plasminogen directs the pleiotropic effects of uPA in liver injury and repair -- Currier et al. 284 (3): 508 -- AJP - ...
		of the plasminogen gene in uPAT transgenic mice.
		Plasminogen deficiency causes severe thrombosis but is compatible with development and reproduction.
		Plasminogen deficiency results in poor clearance of non-fibrin matrix and persistent activation of hepatic stellate cells after an acute injury.
	ajpgi.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/284/3/G508 (3845 words)

	Specific Proteolysis of Human Plasminogen by a 24 kDa Endopeptidase from a Novel Chryseobacterium Sp.
		Thereby, plasminogen is converted into an angiostatin-like fragment containing kringles 1-4 (K1-4) and miniplasminogen (kringle 5 and the serine proteinase domain).
		Plasminogen, bound to monocytoid THP-1 cells, was also cleaved by the 24k-endopeptidase, resulting in generation of an angiostatin-like fragment and in a decreased capacity to generate cell-associated plasmin following activation by urokinase.
		Interaction of this novel 24k-endopeptidase with plasminogen thus yields an angiostatin-like fragment and affects plasmin-mediated cellular proteolytic activity.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bichaw/2000/39/i02/abs/bi992014r.html (289 words)

	Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase of Streptococcus pneumoniae Is a Surface-Displayed Plasminogen-Binding Protein ...
		Binding kinetics and concentration dependence of binding of plasminogen and plasmin to GAPDH are shown as changes in plasmin resonance.
		Plasmin and plasminogen were used in concentrations of 500 (for plasminogen only), 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.625, 7.8, and 3.9 nM.
		Tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated activation of plasminogen on the surface of group A, C, and G streptococci.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/4/2416 (1847 words)

	Haematologic Technologies - Human Plasminogen - Mouse Plasminogen - Bovine Plasminogen
		Plasminogen is a single chain glycoprotein zymogen which is synthesized in the liver and circulates in plasma at a concentration of approximately 2.4 µM (1,2).
		The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin occurs by a variety of mechanisms, but all result in hydrolysis of the Arg560-Val561 peptide bond of plasminogen, yielding two chains which remain covalently associated by a disulfide bond.
		Native glu-plasminogen is prepared from fresh frozen human plasma by a modification of the procedure of Castellino (3), utilizing gel filtration and affinity chromatography.
	www.haemtech.com /Zymogens/Plasminogen.htm (371 words)

	Ham-Wasserman Lecture: Role of the Plasminogen System in Fibrin-Homeostasis and Tissue Remodeling -- Collen 2001 (1): 1 ...
		The proenzyme, plasminogen, is converted to the active enzyme plasmin by tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) or by urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), which binds to a cellular u-PA receptor (u-PAR).
		Non-fibrin-specific plasminogen activators (streptokinase, two chain urokinase, anisoylated plasminogen-streptokinase activator complex or anistreplase) activate both plasminogen in the fluid phase and fibrin-associated plasminogen.
		The effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, or both on coronary-artery patency, ventricular function, and survival after acute myocardial infarction.
	www.asheducationbook.org /cgi/content/full/2001/1/1 (3905 words)

	Tissue plasminogen activator and seizures: a clot-buster's secret life -- Pawlak and Strickland 109 (12): 1529 -- ...
		Tissue plasminogen activator contributes to the late phase of LTP and to synaptic growth in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway.
		Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is targeted to the regulated secretory pathway.
		Regulation of seizure spreading by neuroserpin and tissue-type plasminogen activator is plasminogen-independent.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/109/12/1529 (1843 words)

	Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and the kidney -- Eddy 283 (2): 209 -- AJP - Renal Physiology
		of membranous nephropathy, megalin, is a plasminogen receptor
		Protease-activated receptor 1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 expression in chronic allograft nephropathy: the role of coagulation and fibrinolysis in renal graft fibrosis 1.
		Glucocorticoid-modulated gene expression of tissue- and urinary-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and 2.
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/283/2/F209 (7036 words)

	Tissue plasminogen activator having zymogenic or fibrin specific properties (US5728567)
		Tissue plasminogen activator having zymogenic or fibrin specific properties and substituted at amino acid positions 296-299, DNA molecules encoding them, vectors, and host cells
		Browne et al., "A Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Mutant with Prolonged Clearance In Vivo" Journal of Biological Chemistry 263 (4) :1599-1602 (1988).
		Cambier et al., "Pharmacokinetics and thrombolytic properties of a nonglycosylated mutant of human tissue-type plasminogen activator, lacking the finger and growth factor domains, in dogs with copper coil-induced coronary artery thrombosis" J. Cardiovasc.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US05728567 (946 words)

	TSRI - News and Publications
		This cleavage stimulates plasminogen activation because Lys-plasminogen is more readily activated by plasminogen activators than is Glu-plasminogen.
		We found that the plasminogen-binding and activation capacity of viable peripheral blood monocytes increases 28-fold as the cells differentiate into tissue macrophages in response to colony-stimulating factor 1, thereby arming the cells with plasmin, an important protease involved in cell migration.
		Apoprotein(a) is highly homologous to plasminogen; it contains 10 disulfide-bonded kringle domains homologous to plasminogen kringle 4, 1 domain homologous to plasminogen kringle 5, and a protease-like domain (that cannot develop proteolytic activity).
	www.scripps.edu /news/sr/sr2002/cb26.html (734 words)

	Plasminogen antibodies from RDI Divison of Fitzgerald Industries Intl
		Plasminogen in plasma and other fluids can be measured by capturing onto a microplate plate coated with a affinity absorbed polyclonal antibody to plasminogen.
		After washing, the captured plasminogen is detected with goat anti-plasminogen IgG conjugated to HRP.
		The color generated is proportional to the concentration of plasminogen present in the sample.
	www.researchd.com /miscabs/trk4p11.htm (430 words)

	BLAST Search Results
		293 2e-77 gbJ03520.1MUSTPA Mouse tissue plasminogen activator mRNA,...
		Homo sapiens plasminogen (PLG), mRNA 182 5e-44 refNM_000301.1
		Rattus norvegicus plasminogen (Plg), mRNA 175 6e-42 embAJ242649.1RNO242649 Rattus norvegicus mRNA for plasmin...
	www.chickest.udel.edu /orthomouse/m211.html (3186 words)

	Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Supports IL-8-Mediated Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration by Inhibition of the ...
		Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Supports IL-8-Mediated Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration by Inhibition of the Constitutive Shedding of Endothelial IL-8/Heparan Sulfate/Syndecan-1 Complexes -- Marshall et al.
		Plasminogen receptors in the mediation of pericellular proteolysis.
		Chapman, H. Plasminogen activators, integrins and the co-ordinated regulation of cell adhesion and migration.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/171/4/2057 (7232 words)

	Purification of native {alpha}-enolase from Streptococcus pneumoniae that binds plasminogen and is immunogenic -- ...
		Purification of native {alpha}-enolase from Streptococcus pneumoniae that binds plasminogen and is immunogenic -- WHITING et al.
		Kuusela P, Ullberg M, Saksela O, Kronvall G. Tissue-type plasminogen activator-mediated activation of plasminogen on the surface of group A, C, and G streptococci.
		Plasminogen activator/coagulase gene of Yersinia pestis is responsible for degradation of plasmid-encoded outer membrane proteins.
	jmm.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/51/10/837 (3029 words)

	Tussue plasminogen activator having zymogenic or fibrin specific properties (US5840564) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Browne et al., "A Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Mutant with Prolonged Clearance In Vivo" Journal of Biological Chemistry 263(4):1599-1602 (1988).
		Gardell et al., "Isolation, Characterization, and cDNA Cloning of a Vampire Bat Salivary Plasminogen Activator" Journal of Biological Chemistry 264(30):17947-17952 (Oct. 25, 1989).
		Madison et al., "Amio acid residues that affect interaction of tissue-type plasminogen activator with plasminogen activator inhibitor 1" Proc.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US05840564 (1261 words)

	Elevated Expression of Urokinase-like Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 During the ...
		Mechanisms contributing to increased synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 in endothelial cells by constituents of platelets and their implications for thrombolysis.
		Regulation of murine type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor gene expression in vivo: tissue specificity and induction by lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and transforming growth factor-beta.
		Regulation of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor gene expression in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells: induction by transforming growth factor-beta, lipopolysaccharide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/18/5/808 (4085 words)

	New Functions for an Old Enzyme: Nonhemostatic Roles for Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator in the Central Nervous ...
		Schematic description of the proposed role of a tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) as a regulator of the permeability of the neurovascular unit.
		Neuroserpin, a brain-associated inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator is localized primarily in neurons.
		Plasminogen activator release at the neuronal growth cone.
	www.ebmonline.org /cgi/content/full/229/11/1097 (4358 words)

	Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) for stroke
		Tissue plasminogen activator can be used to treat some people who are having a stroke caused by a blood clot (ischemic stroke
		Tissue plasminogen activator should be given within the first 3 hours after the first symptoms of stroke start.
		Effects of tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke at one year.
	www.webmd.com /hw/stroke/hw224370.asp (739 words)

	Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitor Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 Are Coordinately Expressed ...
		Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitor Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 Are Coordinately Expressed during Ovulation in the Rhesus Monkey -- Liu et al.
		Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitor Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 Are Coordinately Expressed during Ovulation in the Rhesus Monkey
		Politis I, Wang L, Turner JD, Tsang BK 1990 Changes in tissue-type plasminogen activator-like and plasminogen activator inhibitor activities in granulose and theca layers during ovarian follicle development in the domestic hen.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/145/4/1767 (5557 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 97034811 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Plasminogen is the inactive precursor of the blood proteinase plasmin, the enzyme responsible for the dissolution of fibrin clots.
		Specific cell surface receptors for the two major plasminogen activators exist on a number of cell types and probably play an important role in controlling plasminogen activation.
		The identification of plasminogen fragments that lack enzymic activity but affect cell growth and migration, and the discovery of the plasminogenrelated growth factors, has highlighted previously unsuspected links between blood coagulation and fibrinolysis on the one hand, and regulation of cell behaviour on the other.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/wiley032/97034811.html (222 words)

	Characterization of PauB, a Novel Broad-Spectrum Plasminogen Activator from Streptococcus uberis -- Ward and Leigh 184 ...
		To these were added preincubated mixtures of plasminogen activator preparations such as WT PauA and WT PauB, wild-type plasminogen activators from culture supernatants of S.
		Leigh, J. Purification of a plasminogen activator from Streptococcus uberis.
		The mechanism of a bacterial plasminogen activator intermediate between streptokinase and staphylokinase.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/184/1/119 (3730 words)

	Plasminogen Activators and Inhibitors in the Corneas of Mice Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- Berk et al. 42 ...
		Plasminogen Activators and Inhibitors in the Corneas of Mice Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- Berk et al.
		Plasminogen Activators and Inhibitors in the Corneas of Mice Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
		release of the plasminogen activators on the stromal surface,
	www.iovs.org /cgi/content/full/42/7/1561 (5689 words)

	Amazon.com: plasminogen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		conversion of the plasma zymogen, plasminogen (Pg), to the serine protease...
		Plasminogen Activation in Fibrinolysis, in Tissue Remodeling, and in Development (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, V. by Cornelis Kluft, Pieter Brakman, and New York Academy of Sciences (Paperback - Dec 1992)
		High Quality Plasminogen -- Molecular Innovations supplies plasminogen and plasmin from human, mouse, rat, bovine, rabbit and chicken sources.
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&search-alias=aps&keywords=plasminogen&page=1 (590 words)

	Plasminogen inhibits TNF{alpha}-induced apoptosis in monocytes -- Mitchell et al. 107 (11): 4383 -- Blood
		Plasminogen inhibits TNF{alpha}-induced apoptosis in monocytes -- Mitchell et al.
		of apoptosis, plasminogen binding is markedly increased on monocytoid
		of increasing concentrations of plasminogen, apoptosis was inhibited
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/107/11/4383 (197 words)

	NH2-terminal Structural Motifs in Staphylokinase Required for Plasminogen Activation -- Schlott et al. 273 (35): 22346 ...
		Construction of Expression Plasmids and Purification of Sak42D Variants-- The variants of Sak42D (6) were initially derived from the expression plasmid pMEX602Sak42D (2).
		Kinetic Constants of Plasminogen Activation by Catalytic Amounts of Preformed Equimolar Complexes of Sak42D Variants with Plasmin-- The kinetic constants of plasminogen activation by plasmin-Sak complexes were derived from Lineweaver-Burk plots.
		Activation of Plasminogen by Catalytic Amounts of Sak Variants-- Catalytic amounts of Sak42D induced activation of plasminogen to plasmin with a lag phase of approximately 5 min, reaching
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/273/35/22346 (3082 words)

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