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Topic: Platysma muscle

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	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The platysma is a broad sheet of muscle arising from the pectoral (chest) and deltoid (shoulder) muscles and rises over the collarbone (clavicle), proceeding upward in a slanting manner along the sides of the neck.
		The muscle draws the lower lip and corner of the mouth sideways and down, partially opening the mouth, as in an expression of surprise or fright.
		When all the fibers work to their maximum, it increases the diameter of the neck as well, as may be seen during the intensive breathing of a sprinting runner.
	www.innerbody.com /text/musc18-new.html (90 words)

	NECK LIPOSUCTION OR FACE-LIFT?
		These structures include the laryngeal cartilage (Adam's apple, which is larger in men), the hyoid bone, the tongue muscle, and the platysma muscle (sheet-like muscle) and the fat which lies between the platysma and the surface dermis (leather layer) of the skin.
		The platysma is a sheet-like muscle that extends from the lower jawbone all the way to the collarbone of the neck.
		Platysma bands eventually become thick and cord-like, which causes them to tent the skin of the neck as they contract, tether or dangle between the jawbone and the collarbone.
	www.lipoinfo.com /chap31.htm (2447 words)

	IV. Myology. 5. The Fasciæ and Muscles of the Anterolateral Region of the Neck. a. The Superficial Cervical ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Fasciæ and Muscles of the Anterolateral Region of the Neck.
		Beneath the Platysma, the external jugular vein descends from the angle of the mandible to the clavicle.
		Its anterior portion, the thickest part of the muscle, depresses the lower jaw; it also serves to draw down the lower lip and angle of the mouth in the expression of melancholy.
	www.bartleby.com /107/110.html (332 words)

	Anatomy Atlases: Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Part I: Muscular System: Glossary of Terms
		Pertaining to a muscle of the groin and ilium.
		Pertaining to a muscle arising from the mandible.
		Pertaining to muscles in the lumbosacral region, the "tenderloin".
	www.anatomyatlases.org /AnatomicVariants/MuscularSystem/Terminology.shtml (2274 words)

	cat-muscles
		This muscle is the cutaneous maximus which adheres to the latissimus dorsi and pectoralis muscles in the axillary region.
		The clavotrapezius is a large anterior muscle extending from neck to shoulder; an extension of this muscle onto the shoulder is the clavobrachialis.
		The acromiotrapezius is a thin muscle extending from the occipital bone to the metacromion process of the scapula and is the middle of the three trapezius muscles.
	core.ecu.edu /biol/singhasc/cat-muscles.htm (1571 words)

	THE AGING NECK (Oct.1997)
		The platysma is the vestigial remnant of the panniculous carnosus of animals (which allows the horse to flick a fly off its back) and comes from the Greek work "plate" It is a quadrangular sheet of muscle which originates on the fascia of the pectoralis major muscle and ascends to three main points of insertion.
		The platysma is innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve.
		The anterior border of the platysma is a key landmark because the tendency is to develop a plane deep to the platysma, risking injury to the marginal nerve.
	www.utmb.edu /otoref/Grnds/Aging-neck-9710/Aging-neck-9710.html (3106 words)

	Muscles of the Neck
		The sternocleidomastoid is crossed by the platysma and external jugular vein.
		The scalenus anterior muscle is a key muscle of the root of the neck.
		Insertion: the muscle passes downward and laterally and is inserted into the upper surface of the first rib, behind the groove for the subclavian artery.
	download.videohelp.com /vitualis/med/mm_neck.htm (1250 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Frontalis muscle (F) arises from the Galea aponeurotica near the coronal suture, inserts onto the supercilliary ridge of the frontal bone, and interdigitates with fibers of the Procerus, Corrugator, Depressor supercilli, and Orbicularis oculi muscles.
		The antagonists of the Frontalis muscle are the central brow depressors consisting of the Procerus, Corrugator, and Depressor supercilli muscles and the lateral depressor of the brow, the superolateral portion of the pre-orbital Orbicularis oculi (Figure 3-4).
		The Platysma is a broad sheet of muscle arising from the fascia of the Pectoralis and the Deltoid muscles.
	www.slackbooks.com /excerpts/66623/66623.asp (2694 words)

	Physician Assistant Gross Anatomy
		Platysma muscle — thin, sheetlike muscle, used in facial expression, arises from the skin and superficial fascia covering the upper portion of the pectoralis major and anterior deltoid muscles, covers the lower 2/3 of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the lower anterior part of the trapezius and the superolateral part of the anterior triangle
		Brachialis muscle — arises from the anterior surface of the humerus, from the entire surface of the medial intermuscular septum and from the anterior surface of the lateral intermuscular septum; inserts on the tuberosity of the ulna; supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve and the radial nerve
		Tibialis posterior muscle — arises from the posterior surface of the face of the tibia, from the medial surface of the fibula and the posterior surface of the interosseous membrane
	medinfo.ufl.edu /pa/anatomy/hitlist2.html (9294 words)

	Aesthetic Plastic Surgery - San Francisco, CA - Face Lifting: Problems, Solutions, and an Outcome Study
		Suture of the platysma border may lead to the development of a hypertrophic scar in the anterior midline, producing a highly visible scar band in response to extension and flexion movements of the neck.
		Extensive platysma transection with aggressive subcutaneous lipectomy fell into disrepute in the late 1980s because of the frequently observed postsurgical appearance characterized by a skeletonized neck and platysma translocation with bizarrely placed contractions of the platysma in animation.
		Platysma bands at the cervicomental angle may develop in patients in their mid to late 30s, and that perhaps is the most annoying early sign of facial aging.
	www.drjohnowsley.com /writings/paper6/paper6.html (2749 words)

	Platysma Muscle of the Head, Face, and Neck (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It runs from the upper chest area through the neck to the lower cheek area, originating in the fascia of the pectoral and deltoid regions and inserting into the mandible and several muscles such as triangularis.
		It lowers the lower jaw and lip, and tenses the neck to form noticable vertical and/or horizontal ridges and depressions in the neck.
		Platysma is innervated by the deep cervical branch of the facial nerve (VII) and is supplied with blood by the suprascapular and facial arteries.
	face-and-emotion.com /dataface/expression/platysma.html (103 words)

	eMedicine - Facelift, Extended SMAS : Article by Andrew A Jacono, MD, FACS
		The superficial branch of the transverse facial artery that accompanies the fibers is coagulated with a bipolar cautery.
		When the platysma muscle is identified and followed 4-8 mm further, the bluish bulge of the external jugular vein is seen beneath the muscle fibers.
		Muscle bundles of the platysma are seen to terminate in skin insertions in the area of the mandibular margin.
	www.emedicine.com /plastic/topic45.htm (7900 words)

	BOSNIAK+ZILKHA, Minimally Invasive Neck Rejuvenation in New York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The quality and texture of the skin, amount and firmness of subcutaneous fat, platysma muscle strength, thickness and form, quality of subplatysmal fat, anatomy of submaxillary glands, thyroid cartilage and surrounding bones are some of the elements that influence the appearance of the neck.
		The platysma muscle is actually a pair of skeletal muscles that originate from the deep fascia and skin of the lower neck and upper chest, extend laterally to the anterior surface of the deltoid muscles and insert at the inferior border of the mandible and the skin inferior to the mouth.
		In general for the platysma muscle 4 to 5 injections of 2 units/0.1cc (Botox Cosmetic, diluted in normal saline) are given along the vertical bands.
	www.eye-lift.com /articles_06_neckrejuvenation.asp (4548 words)

	Aesthetic Plastic Surgery - San Francisco, CA - SMAS-Platysma Face Lift Update
		Prominent neck cords due to chronic contraction and hypertrophy of the platysma muscle as it bowstrings across the concave surface of the anterior neck have been treated by muscle transection to release the contracting force.
		The muscle incision is made low enough in the neck that the subsequent elevation of the myocutaneous flap does not cause the area of trasnsection to overlie the submandibular triangle and possibly increase the prominence of the submandibular contents, including the submaxillary gland.
		This alteration in the direction of muscle pull may result in a temporary decrease in the downward component of the patient's mouth movement, even though the muscle is not actually paralyzed.
	www.drjohnowsley.com /writings/paper2/paper2.html (1554 words)

	Search Results for "Platysma"
		...somatic motor fibers to the muscles of the face, scalp, and auricle, the Buccinator and Platysma, the Stapedius, the Stylohyoideus, and posterior belly of the Digastricus;...
		It is covered by the integument, superficial fascia, Platysma, and deep fascia, ramifying in which are some of the branches...
		At its origin it is continuous with the fibers of the Platysma.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=col107%amp;query=Platysma (273 words)

	Scalp and Face
		Platysma (N22) - following this muscle up from the neck to the mouth is helpful in determining the plane for other muscles around the mouth.
		Disturbing facial muscles as little as possible, dissect the facial artery (865/N19) from the angle of the mandible where it is deep to the platysma muscle to its termination at the medial angle of the eye.
		At the anterior margin of the masseter the duct turns at a sharp angle and pierces the buccinator muscle (N50), also a muscle of facial expression, to enter the vestibule of the mouth.
	app1.unmc.edu /dissection/idg08face.cfm (540 words)

	B O S N I A K + Z I L K H A, Eyelid and Cosmetic plastic surgeons New York propose non-surgical necklift - Non-Invasive ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The quality and texture of the skin, the amount and firmness of the subcutaneous fat, the platysma muscle strength, thickness and form, subplatysmal fat, anatomy and prominence of submaxillary glands, thyroid cartilage and the surrounding bones are some of the elements that influence the appearance of the neck.
		The platysma muscle is a pair of skeletal muscles originating from the deep fascia and skin of the lower neck and upper chest, extending laterally to the anterior surface of the deltoid muscles and inserting at the inferior border of the mandible and the skin inferior to the mouth.
		Hyperkinetic activity and loss of tone of the platysma muscle due to senescence of the neck may result in vertical muscle bands and horizontal neck rhytids formation.
	www.eye-lift.com /articles_04_noninvasiveneckrejuvenation.asp (4338 words)

	Services: chin/neck modification
		The hyoid bone serves as a central fulcrum to which is attached many of the vital muscles of the neck, such as the myohyoid, stylohyoid, omohyoid, and other "strap" muscles Of the neck.
		A triangular excision of the platysma muscle is made with the apex directed to the chin and the base brought distally to beyond the hyoid bone.
		The platysma is brought together in the midline down to the level of the hyoid bone where, using a subperiosteal stitch, it is attached.
	www.drpetmecky.com /proceedures/chinneck/chinneck.html (622 words)

	Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body - The Superficial Cervical - Yahoo! Education (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Fasciæ and Muscles of the Anterolateral Region of the Neck.
		Beneath the Platysma, the external jugular vein descends from the angle of the mandible to the clavicle.
		Its anterior portion, the thickest part of the muscle, depresses the lower jaw; it also serves to draw down the lower lip and angle of the mouth in the expression of melancholy.
	messenger.yahooligans.com /reference/gray/subjects/subject?id=110 (318 words)

	Prelab Images - Anterior Triangle of the Neck
		After cleaning the platysma remove it from its attachment to the clavicle and reflect it upwards towards the mandible careful not to damage the veins and cutaneous nerve underneath it.
		The posterior triangle (boundaries are the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, and the clavicle) is composed of the omoclavicular/subclavian triangle (boundaries are the clavicle, sternocleidomastoid, and inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle) and the occipital triangle (bounded by the trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle).
		It will end up supplying the muscles of the larynx in plates 74 and 75 (except for the cricothyroid muscle which is supplied by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve).
	anatomy.med.umich.edu /nervous_system/antneck_pre.html (1187 words)

	Serial platysma notching
		Ziya Saylan, MD The platysma bands are visible in older and in younger patients after submental liposuction or patients with an aged neck.
		This study shows that this technique of correction of the platysma bands in older patients and also in some of the younger patients in combination with face or S-Lift or posterior neck lift is more effective and causes less complications than suturing the muscle in the midline.
		With a baby mosquito clamp the muscle band is dissected on both sides so that it can be undermined with the same mosquito clamp and can be taken out of the wound with the help of the instrument.
	www.saylanmd.com /platysma.htm (1467 words)

	Michigan Neck Lift Detroit
		This indicates relaxation of the facial muscles as well as a hemiation of the neck muscle called the platysma muscle.
		The muscle ends of the platysma causing neckbands are first identified and then sewn together in a corset-like fashion.
		Permanent stitches are then placed from each opposing muscle band to a bone behind the ear to secure the neck muscle for a long period of time.
	www.drroche.com /gcr-necklift.htm (459 words)

	UH head and neck
		Note that the subclavian vein passes anterior to the anterior scalene muscle, and that the apex of the parietal pleura is close to the vein.
		Reflect the coronoid process with the temporalis muscle still attached to it and peel the inferior aspect of the temporalis from the cranium, reflecting it upwards, so that it is out of the way of the remainder of the dissection.
		Identify the lingual artery at the anterior and posterior edges of this muscle and note that the rest of the artery is hidden from view because it passes medial to the hyoglossus muscle.
	www2.hawaii.edu /~rosenhei/head.html (11980 words)

	SkinCare Physicians: Cosmetic & Laser Medicine & Surgery: Neck Lipo & Facelift
		At the conclusion of the liposuction procedure, the platysma muscle can be tightened through a small incision that is hidden under the chin.
		The concept of repairing and tightening the platysma muscle is central to the surgeon's ability to shape and contour the aging neck.
		There are a variety of muscle repair techniques used by physicians around the world, but the novel platysma repair procedures performed at SkinCare Physicians are renowned for producing smooth and eye-pleasing contours of the neck, and refining the jaw line and jowls.
	www.skincarephysicians.net /services/cosmetic/facelift.html (1911 words)

	Seniority: Exercise is no weapon in wattle battle
		But the platysma, which runs from the jaw bone down either side of the throat, connecting to the deltoid muscle in the chest, is unique.
		The platysma does not respond to exercise the way the abdominals respond to situps or the thigh muscles respond to squats.
		Once the muscle is taut, the skin of the neck and jaw line is draped over the platysma.
	www.sptimes.com /2003/07/29/Seniority/Exercise_is_no_weapon.shtml (736 words)

	DEPT. OF SURGERY (OMMC) OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES
		The plane between the cyst and the posterior belly of the digastric and stylohyoid muscles is developed by blunt dissection
		Locate the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and mobilize it from the capsule of the parotid gland, dissection is carried down in the area inferior and posterior to the cartilaginous external auditory canal.
		Anterior belly of the omohyoid muscle is divided from the sling of the digastric muscle
	members.tripod.com /j_guerra_gsj/id16.html (1527 words)

	Botox® Cosmetic for facial wrinkles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The toxin then migrates along the muscle to the area when the nerves enter it (the neuromuscular junction) and blocks the transmission of nerve signals.
		This may be because the muscle atrophies to some degree or because the patient has retrained their facial expressions.
		When used in the area around the eyes, it is possible for the Botox® Cosmetic to affect the muscle that elevates the upper eyelid (the levator).
	www.sowdermd.com /ProcedurePages/face_botox.html (285 words)

	biology - List of muscles of the human body
		2 The muscles of the anterolateral region of the neck
		The muscles of the anterolateral region of the neck
		The muscles of the shoulder and musculotendinous cuff
	www.biologydaily.com /biology/List_of_muscles_of_the_human_body (102 words)

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