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Topic: Playa lake

	Playa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The playa and shore of Lake Hart, an endorheic desert lake in South Australia
		Playa, also known as alkali flat or sabkha, is a dry lakebed, generally the shore of, or remnant of, an endorheic lake.
		Large-sized playas are further excellent spots for pursuing land speed records, as the smoothness of the surface allows low-clearance vehicles to travel very fast without risk of disruption by surface irregularities, and the course of travel does not need to be too precise to avoid obstacles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Playa (414 words)

	EPA > Wetlands > Wetland Types > Playa Lakes
		Playa lakes are round hollows in the ground in the Southern High Plains of the United States.
		The temporal nature of playa lakes led to confusion on the part of early European explorers, some of whom described the region as a desert and others a land of millions of small lakes.
		Playas are important because they store water in a part of the country that receives as little as twenty inches of rain a year and where there are no permanent rivers or streams.
	www.epa.gov /owow/wetlands/types/playa.html (630 words)

	LiveScience.com - Exploring a Dried Lake Bed
		Technically, a "playa" is a lowland desert basin that is undrained, and a "playa lake" is the shallow, ephemeral lake that forms in the wet season within the lowest parts of a playa.
		Playa lakes dry during the summer and their evaporation sometimes leaves pans of salt deposits as well as dried streambed and drainage lines on the naked desert landscape.
		Playa lakes also host ephemeral populations of many invertebrate species including mayflies, dragonflies, grasshoppers, true bugs, beetles, flies, and many others, although the life histories and ecologies of many of these species are poorly studied or unknown.
	www.livescience.com /imageoftheday/siod_060524.html (359 words)

	playa research - Dr. Loren Smith
		"Playa," and its synonym "playa lake," are a couple of those vague terms like "swamp" or "marsh" that are generally used to describe some type of wetland.
		Playas are shallow, usually only 5 feet deep at most, and have erratic hydroperiods, frequently drying and filling with water in most years.
		Indeed, the Rainwater Basin wetlands of south central Nebraska to the east of the shortgrass prairie are classified as playas.
	www.rw.ttu.edu /smith/playa.htm (1479 words)

	Digital Resources for Managing Wetlands
		Playa lakes are a significant landform found in arid and semiarid climates.
		She believes that, "the future of playa lake research does not lie in the investigation of individual playas and that recharge values that are representative of a "type area" will come from comprehensive studies of the Ogallala aquifer that will combine all of the critical data that affects recharge on the Southern High Plains".
		Playas are often modified in urban areas to control flooding and this use of playas is in need of further study.
	www.library.ucsb.edu /istl/97-summer/article3.html (2126 words)

	Our Dynamic Desert
		Sediments are distributed across the surface of a playa by thin sheets of water that flow down slope (relief on playas may be measurable in only centimeters per mile), or by sediment entrained in standing water and redistributed by wave action.
		Many playas in the desert southwest display giant polygonal fissures attributed to the drying out of sediments at depth; these fissures are attributed to both the ongoing climatic drying of the region and to extraction of groundwater (Neal and Motts, 1967).
		For instance, the playa in southern Death Valley is located immediately adjacent to rising Black Mountains (to the east) where the valley is rapidly sinking; whereas on the opposite side of the playa huge alluvial fans drain from the Panamint Mountains (to the west).
	pubs.usgs.gov /of/2004/1007/playas.html (968 words)

	Great Plains Playa Lakes
		Playa lakes hold water only after rainfall or runoff events; most of the time, they are dry (which explains why many people don't recognize them as wetlands).
		Playas are not large (their average size is only about seventeen acres, though they range from an acre or less to more than a hundred acres in extent), and even with their vast numbers they occupy only about two percent of the total prairie landscape.
		Although most playa lakes (as many as ninety-nine percent, by some estimates) are located on private land, often adjacent to farms, grazing lands, and feedlots, some of these wetlands are readily birded from public roads.
	www.leas.bizland.com /playas.htm (1726 words)

	Searles Lake - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Searles Lake is one of a chain of Pleistocene lakes that extends from Owens Lake to as far as ancient Lake Manly in Death Valley.
		Borax was first produced from the dry lake surface in 1873 by John Searles under the name of the San Bernardino Borax Mining Company.
		Searles Lake is a huge resource of sodium and potassium minerals of the carbonate, sulfate, borate and halide classes of mineralogy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Searles_Lake (492 words)

	USGS Geology in the Parks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Playa lakes are among the flattest landforms in the world.
		Soda Lake lies at the terminus of the Mojave River.
		During wetter climates, the playa lake basins of the Basin-and-Range province were filled with perennial lakes.
	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov /docs/parks/mojave/sodalake1.html (159 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Smith, Playas of the Great Plains
		More recently Rosen defined playas from a geologic perspective: "as an intracontinental basin where the water balance of the lake (all sources of precipitation, surface water flow, and groundwater flow minus evaporation and evapotranspiration) is negative for more than half the year, and the annual water balance is also negative" (1994, 1).
		Evaporation and precipitation greatly influence the length of the playa hydroperiod, the native vegetation present, and the agricultural crops that are grown.
		The eastern edge of the Rainwater Basin playas and the Todd Valley playas are in tallgrass prairie that was historically dominated by bluestems, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), and Indian-grass (Sorghastrum nutans) (Küchler 1975).
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exsmipla.html (6656 words)

	LAKE TSIMANAMPETSOTSA, A MODERN ALKALINE PLAYA LAKE IN MADAGASCAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Lake Tsimanampetsotsa in southwestern Madagascar represents a dynamic modern analog for the spectacular lagerstatten-producing alakaline playa lakes of the fossil record.
		The lake sits amongst the last vestiges of the pristine southern spiny forest of Madagascar and is frequented by a highly endemic vertebrate fauna.
		The lake directly precipitates carbonate in a closed evaporite basin defined by cliffs of Eocene marine limestone to the east and a wide strip of aluvium capping low outcrops of limestone to the west.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2001AM/finalprogram/abstract_26774.htm (388 words)

	Silver Lake Playa Field Trip Report
		The playa surface is composed of silt-sized particles with predominately clay mineralogy.
		The playa is bounded to the west by the Soda Mountains, which are composed of a suite of varnished rock-types (Precambrian metasedimentary rocks, Lower Cambrian quartzite units, and Pre-Tertiary plutonics which range in composition from gabbro to granite) and uncoated rocks (Lower Permian and Lower Cambrian/Precambrian carbonates).
		In the Landsat TM false-color image of Silver Lake, with bands 2 (0.52 – 0.60 m m), 4 (0.76 – 0.90 m m), 7 (2.08 – 2.35 m m) mapped as blue, green and red respectively, carbonate units are pale green in color (Figure 2).
	wufs.wustl.edu /fido/report.htm (1744 words)

	State Executive Director's Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Playas are shallow, depressional, rechargeable wetlands formed through a combination of wind, wave, and dissolution processes with each wetland existing in its own watershed.
		Restoring playa lakes will provide habitat for migratory waterfowl during migration and winter; recharge the Ogallala aquifer; and recharge groundwater supplies critical for drinking water, irrigation, and wildlife.
		A threat to playas is sedimentation from cultivation of adjacent cropland.
	www.fsa.usda.gov /KS/playalakes.htm (258 words)

	Chapter 7: Sediments of Lake Otero, Playa Lucero and Alluvial Systems
		The purpose of this chapter is to describe and briefly illustrate the sediments of Pleistocene Lake Otero, Holocene Playa Lucero and, in addition, the fluvial sediments of the west side of the basin.
		Most of the terrains downwind of Playa Lucero are areas not of sand deposition, but of wind scour—plainly demonstrating that Playa Lucero is not presently a significant source of gypsum, nor is it an appropriate model for the origin of White Sands as a whole.
		This light-colored gypsum is a remnant of Lake Otero sediments.
	www2.nature.nps.gov /geology/parks/whsa/geows/Chapter7.htm (2619 words)

	Great Plains Trail of Oklahoma (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Playa Lakes are on off the most important and unique wetlands people have never heard about.
		Playa lakes, (shallow, usually round basins with clay floors) lie in the lowest points of watersheds and hold water only after rainfall or runoff from the surrounding prairie.
		On the southern edge of the loop is a captivating view from the dam of Optima Lake and the wildlife using this very shallow lake.
	www.wildlifedepartment.com /trailimages/playalake.htm (827 words)

	Senate passes playa lake bill for Lubbock (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Playa lakes are natural saucer-like depressions in the topography found on the plains of West Texas and eastern New Mexico.
		Several hundred playa lakes are located within Lubbock's extraterritorial jurisdiction, which extends five miles beyond the city limits.
		City officials have sought authority over the playa lakes in the extraterritorial jurisdiction because the lakes are critical to Lubbock's drainage system.
	www.lubbockonline.com /news/041297/senate3.htm (146 words)

	Playas & Wetlands
		Playa (Spanish for "beach") basins are most commonly believed to be formed by wind deflation and/or land subsidence (sediments compact to conform with underlying formations).
		Today, because of their impermeable floors, playas occasionally are used to store effluent (outflow) from water treatment systems, and feedlot runoff to protect the aquifer (geological formation containing water, especially one that supplies water for wells, springs, etc.) from contamination.
		To enhance educational and appreciative use of the Cactus playa area, parking facilities, educational kiosks, observation platforms, blinds and interpretive trails are planned to be completed in 1999.To assure success of the project, several partners have worked together, contributing expertise, time and funds.
	www.teachingtools.com /H2O/Playas.htm (1248 words)

	Playa Lakes Joint Venture Projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Because past playa lake WRP proposals have been unsuccessful, these points are needed for the proposal to be competitive.
		The primary objective of the project is the reduction of sediment loads entering enrolled playas, with the resulting benefits of protection of playa wetland functions and establishment of native cover.
		Project benefits include establishment of native vegetation in the playa lake watershed to capture sediment, which may improve water retention necessary for the recovery of an area historically used by migratory waterfowl and other wildlife.
	www.pljv.org /projects/Projects2004.html (1501 words)

	NMBGMR Geologic Tour: Chicosa Lake
		Chicosa Lake State Park closed in April 1996 because of excessive drawdown of the water table and subsequent drying of the lake; the animals were moved to Las Cruces and the land was given to the city of Roy.
		The eastern margin of the lake basin is formed by silt and clay dunes derived from the lake by wind erosion (deflation).
		After the depression is formed, enlargement of the lake can occur by 1) further dissolution of underlying carbonates by downward percolation of organic acids, 2) eolian removal of clastic material from the floor of the lake, and/or 3) downward transport of clastic material by soil water (Osterkamp and Wood, 1987; Wood and Osterkamp, 1987).
	geoinfo.nmt.edu /tour/state/chicosa_lake/home.html (1250 words)

	PLAYA LAKES EXHIBIT ON DISPLAY AT GARDEN CITY / December 2005 / 2005 Web News / Web News / News / KDWP Info / KDWP - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Playa lakes of the southern Great Plains are not only essential to migrating waterfowl, they are critical to recharging underground water supplies in western Kansas.
		To promote awareness of playas and their importance to wildlife and humans, the Playa Lakes Joint Venture (PLJV) -- an alliance of public and private conservation groups formed to preserve playas throughout the Great Plains -- commissioned the Northwest Texas Museums Association to develop a Traveling Playa Lake Exhibit.
		Playas are shallow, seasonal wetlands found in abundance throughout the Great Plains of Texas, New Mexico, Kansas, and Oklahoma.
	www.kdwp.state.ks.us /news/kdwp_info/news/web_news/2005_web_news/december_2005/playa_lakes_exhibit_on_display_at_garden_city (384 words)

	Development of sand-dune ecosystems at Mono Lake
		We began study of the vegetation and landforms of the dune systems and exposed playa as the lake rapidly regressed during the 1980's as a result of water diversions and a significant drought, with the lake reaching an historical low level of 6374'.
		As the lake regressed, it left exposed playa as a surface for plant and animal colonization; we were able to investigate the processes of succession in arid environments.
		As the lake is currently transgressing, we are able to observe the effects of a rising water table (as fresh water rides on top of the heavy, saline lake water) on upland perennial phreatophytic shrubs.
	trc.ucdavis.edu /catoft/dune.htm (1299 words)

	USGS Geology in the Parks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The white, mirage-like surface of Soda Dry Lake, a playa in Mojave National Preserve.
		At Soda Dry Lake in Mojave National Preserve water may lie very near the surface of the playa even during the hottest, driest times of the year.
		Racetrack Playa in Death Valley National Park is another, almost perfectly flat dry lake bed.
	wrgis.wr.usgs.gov /docs/usgsnps/gmorph/gplaya.html (192 words)

	Market Wire News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The general geology of the Franklin Lake Playa lies primarily in southern Nye County, Nevada and the eastern area of Inyo County, California.
		The playa is one of a series of alkali salt "drylakes" formed from collapsed volcanic structures, backfilled with flyash produced by the eruption and since eroded to desert playa basins.
		The Franklin Lake Playa continues to be filled by drainage from the mineralization and mines from surrounding mountains, along with significant evaporation (billions of gallons annually) creating a surface "wicking" effect, which pulls mineral saturated brines from hydrothermal deposits to the surface thereby depositing its minerals in the playa basins.
	www.marketwire.com /mw/release_printer_friendly?release_id=72575&category= (822 words)

	Pinyon Design-Lemmon Valley Marsh & Playa Master Plan Excerpts
		The playa itself is an end-point of the "funnel" that drains the neighboring mountains, hills, and upland slopes of their precious water.
		There is no river in the playa to carry the water away to the ocean or to an adjacent valley.
		The area around the marsh and playa is as important and as valuable as the marsh.
	www.pinyondesign.com /projects/swanlake/lemmon.html (1107 words)

	Abstracts, 1996 Pubs, Bureau of Economic Geology
		Origin of playa lakes has been debated for decades because the lakes are abundant and the processes that form them obscure.
		Playa lake basins in the study area contain 5 to 18 m of Quaternary lake sediments, including gray clays, oxidized red-brown clays, heterogeneous lacustrine delta deposits, fine lacustrine-eolian sand and silt beds and laminae, and admixed sand and clay.
		Lake sediments interfinger with calcic soils and red-brown loam of the Blackwater Draw Formation near the edges of the playas.
	www.beg.utexas.edu /mainweb/publications/abstracts/pubs-1996.htm (3587 words)

	Owens (Dry) Lake, California
		Dust storms from the dry lake bed are a significant health hazard to residents of Owens Valley and nearby areas, and impact air quality in a large region around the lake bed.
		Salt-rich dust derived from the Owens Lake playa is deposited in significant quantities, much larger than those elsewhere in southern Nevada and California, to distances of at least 40 km north and south of the playa.
		Owens Lake is an extreme example of the potentially destabilizing effect on land surfaces and vegetation by the extraction of surface and ground water in desert regions.
	geochange.er.usgs.gov /sw/impacts/geology/owens (2935 words)

	ISTL: Summer 1997
		Due to the central role that Texas Tech University has played in the pursuit of original and applied research into playa lakes, it naturally follows that the library catalog at this institution would provide the first place to search for relevant citations and texts that could be converted into a digital format.
		The Playa Lake Research Bibliography is a hypertext resource of citations, abstracts, images, and full text articles useful to managers, engineers, and biologists working on playas around the world.
		However, to do this, the developer must first modify the existing playa lake by removing sediment from the center and using it to fill around the margin thereby recovering some of the lake area.
	www.library.ucsb.edu /istl/97-summer/article3a.html (1857 words)

	EO Newsroom: New Images - Searles Lake, California
		Searles Lake is known for the abundance of rare elements and evaporate minerals, such as trona, hanksite, and halite formed within its sediments.
		Lake levels rose and fell dependant on glacial outwash from the Sierra Nevada as climate shifted.
		The width of the playa is approximately 10 kilometers.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16968 (335 words)

	Wildlife and Biodiversity: Bottomland Forested and Playa Lake Wetlands
		Texas playa lakes—shallow, circular basins—are the wintering wetland habitat for millions of waterfowl that migrate from as far north as Canada.
		There are approximately 19,000 playa lakes located in 37 counties of the Texas High Plains.
		Fifteen million birds annually migrate through these playas in the fall and spring on their way to and from wintering habitat on the Gulf Coast and farther south.
	www.texasep.org /html/wld/wld_5wet_type.html (888 words)

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