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Topic: Pleopod

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	Australian Marine Isopoda - Family Database
		A raised transverse ridge on the ventral surface of the pleotelson situated between the pleopodal (or branchial) cavity and the anus.
		The basal segment of the pleopods and the uropods.
		A cuticular tube in the stylet (distal segment of the endopod) of the male second pleopod, consisting of a ventral opening to a rounded chamber in the centre of the stylet and a confluent tube to the tip of the stylet.
	www.members.optushome.com.au /buz/Asellota/www/glos.htm (2852 words)

	PATHOGENS
		Pleopod I (P) carryng 5 obtuse, brush spines and 7 plumose setae on medial surface of peduncle; exopod fringed with plumose marginal setae but endopod having the same ornamentation restricted to medial margin.
		Pleopod II as in pleopod I, except having an outer seta and 4 (instead of 5) obtuse, medial spines on peduncle.
		Medial surface of peduncle in pleopod V naked, that of pleopod IV with 4 spines and 2 setae and that of pleopod III with 4 spines and 4 setae.
	www.aapqis.org /main/path/viewpath.asp?PathID=32 (510 words)

	Relative pleopod length as an indicator of size at sexual maturity in slipper (Scyllarides squammosus) and spiny ...
		Relative pleopod length as an indicator of size at sexual maturity in slipper (Scyllarides squammosus) and spiny Hawaiian (Panulirus marginatus) lobsters.
		Relative exopodite length ("pleopod length") produced consistent estimates of size at maturity when evaluated with a newly derived statistical application for estimating size at the morphometric maturation point (MMP) for the population, identified as the midpoint of a sigmoid function spanning the estimated boundaries of overlap between the largest immature and smallest adult animals.
		In 2000-01, pleopods for a larger series of morphometrics were similarly measured aboard ship to evaluate production-scale numbers (500-1000 specimens per species on each cruise) based on a single measurement per specimen taken by one measurer.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1G1-129892884.html (4829 words)

	biotemp
		Pleopod fanning draws water through one shelter entrance and out the other and may serve the dual function of aerating and broadcasting the scent of the shelter.
		The male resumes his intense, turbulent pleopod fanning and begins to consume her molt shell after yet another half hour (F).
		When her shell has calcified sufficiently, the female extrudes eggs, the number of which is related to her size, and broods them on her pleopods for a nine to twelve month gestation period.
	www.lobsters.org /tlcbio/biology10.html (1105 words)

	Lander University \| Caecidotea
		The endopod of pleopod 2 is the intromittent organ.
		Pleopod 3 is biramous with a large exopod and smaller endopod (Fig 5, 6).
		The rami of the fourth and fifth pleopods are the
	webs.lander.edu /rsfox/invertebrates/caecidotea.html (2648 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Pleon and pleotelson not fused and not immersed in pereonite 7.
		Pleopods lamellar, elongate, rounded distally accessory gill of pleopod 2 nearly as large as endopod; lateral peduncular lobes and proximomedial lobes present on all pleopods.
		In the male the appendix masculinum on the second pleopod is slender and pointed, whereas in the female it is expanded to form an accessory gill.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc97141 (1297 words)

	Swimming behaviour, Swimming Performance and Energy Balance of Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba - uwe kils
		The pleopods can be compared with a paddle: the two-jointed protopodites as stalks carry large surfaces, formed by exo- and endopodites and their bristly edges.
		The pleopods are joined to the caudal-ventral end of the abdominal segments and are propelled by powerful muscle cards running diagonally after the cranial-dorsal (fig.3).
		When the pleopod strokes become stronger, the fluid dynamic field changes as plotted in fig.11): the stream is no longer so widely fanned out and the average direction decreases to 30 degree relative to the dorsal line.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /rellstab/biomass3.htm (4419 words)

	Australian Isopoda: Families - Glossary
		A fully adult male in the asellote isopod superfamily Janiroidea identified by having a sperm tube of the second pleopod's stylet that is open at its sharp distal tip.
		For female Janiroidean asellotan isopods the operculum equates to a plate over the branchial chamber of the abdomen consisting of the fused second pleopods (the first pleopods are absent in these isopods).
		medial fusion of the male first pleopods, consisting of a funnel-like proximal opening often covering the penile papillae and a confluent tube to a dorsal orifice roughly one quarter the length of the pleopods from their tips.
	www.crustacea.net /crustace/isopoda/glos.htm (2590 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Pleopods (also called swimmerets) are primarily swimming legs, and are also used for brooding the eggs (except in prawns), catching food (then swept to the mouth), and can sometimes bear their own gills.
		In some taxa, the first one or two pairs of pleopods are specialised in the males for fertilisation, and are referred to as the gonopods.
		At the end of the pleon is the tail fan, comprising a pair of biramous uropods and the telson, which bears the anus.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=pleopod (328 words)

	Crustacea Glossary::Definitions
		The mesial branch of a bifurcate appendage, especially one arising from the protopodite of the pleopod of shrimps.
		Refers to three-segmented, flagellum-bearing branch of antennae, appendix interna-bearing branch of pleopods, and one-segmented branch of uropods, while it is considered to represent outer branch of last three thoracopods.
		Represents flagellum-bearing branch of antenna, palp-like branch of maxillules and maxillae, five-segmented main branch of thoracopods, and flattened inner branch of pleopods and uropods.
	crustacea.nhm.org /glossary/define.html?termID=235 (808 words)

	Review of the Haploniscidae
		Pleopod I of male broader proximally than distally, with small proximal hood covering penes, lateral margins concave, medial lobe produced posteriorly past medial lobe.
		Pleopod III exopod shorter than endopod, lateral and medial margins convex, with fringe of spinules and setae, distal tip terminating in rounded angle; endopod with 3 pappose setae, medial seta separated from lateral pair of setae by distinct gap subsuming endopod tip.
		Although not mentioned by previous authors, the ventral dactylar claw of the haploniscid pereopod is distinctive, being a tiny flat blade varying in shape from triangular to a thin spine.
	www.personal.usyd.edu.au /~buz/Asellota/Haploniscidae.html (2973 words)

	info: Pleopod (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Pleopod definition, words related to pleopod, proper usage and pronunciation of the word pleopod from YourDictionary.com.
		swimming leg pleopod of antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)these images can be downloaded for free use by Kindergarten, schools and all kids under the age of 17 in all countries.
		CaecidoteaThe endopod of pleopod 2 is the intromittent organ.
	www.napoli-pizza.net /Pleopod.html (244 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The setae of pleopodal basipodite and endopodite were smooth for egg attachment while the setae of exopodite were branched and suitable for collecting and protecting eggs.
		Some glue secreted to the surface of the pleopod along the seta, while the other glue secreted to the surface of the pleopod by the channel which across the integument of the pleopod.
		The first spawned egg was transferred to the setae that were far from the pore, not attached to the setae of the pleopodal basipodite and endopodite near the genital pore.
	www.actazool.org /paperdetail.asp?id=1396&volume=50&number=5&bgpage=873&endpage=879&year=2004&month=10 (438 words)

	Your National Forest - Recreational Activities
		First pleopods with three or more terminal elements, none with two bent caudally at as much as right angle to shaft of appendage.
		Blade of central projection of first pleopod directed distolaterally, and, in caudal aspect, extending lateral to central projection.
		First pleopod with central projection not reaching forward to the bases of the first pair of pereiopods; distinct shoulder absent on cephalic surface.
	www.fs.fed.us /r8/ouachita/natural-resources/crayfish/key.shtml (553 words)

	Crustacea Glossary::Definitions
		A slender rodlike lappet on the mesial,argin of the endopod of the second through fifth pleopods of shrimps; it is provided with terminal hooked setae by which the two pleopods of a pair must be joined mesially.
		A slender rodlike structure on the mesial border of the endopod of the second through fifth pleopods of shrimps; terminal and/or subterminal hooked setae allow the mesial joining of two pleopods of a pair.
		Small branch on inner margin of pleopod 2, triangular or rod-like, usually with clusters of hooks to attach to its pair.
	crustacea.nhm.org /glossary/define.html?termID=47 (283 words)

	Virtual university/publications/Author:Uwe Kils/biomass3/part1 - Wikinfo
		In the forward position, the protopodites of the pleopods are almost parallel to the body.
		Shown in gray is the surface passed aver by the right fourth pleopod.
		When the pleopod strokes become stronger, the fluid dynamic field changes as plotted in fig.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Virtual_university/publications/Author:Uwe_Kils/biomass3/part1 (13116 words)

	PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORLD SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE ON THE BIOLOGY AND CULTURE OF SHRIMPS AND PRAWNS
		In the male the endopodite of the 1st pleopod or organ of copulation is tapered, with a slight “shoulder” or protrusion, and has at its tip a series of small hooks or cincinnuli; lower on this structure is a group of well-developed, stout spines.
		On the inner margin of the endopodite of the 2nd pleopod, in addition to the appendix interna, is the appendix masculina which is distinctly longer than the former and is armed with about 15 thornlike setae.
		The pleopods move gently and continuously, and the eggs pass from the oviducts in a steady stream between the pereiopods to the abdomen, becoming attached to the anterior pleopods first.
	www.fao.org /docrep/005/AC765T/AC765T07.htm (4330 words)

	Australian Isopoda: Families - Pseudojaniridae
		Pleopods 5 pairs present (males), or 4 pairs present (females); pleopod 3 opercular in males and females, pleopod 1-2 small and not opercular.
		Pleopod 2 of males consisting of an enlarged peduncle, a geniculate endopod and a small muscular exopod; peduncle distal margin enlarged or produced, exopod inserting medially to this; appendix masculina longer and narrower than endopod proximal article, unornamented distally.
		Uropods positioned distally on pleotelson; distinct from pleopods, not forming operculum over pleopodal chamber (although may be folded ventrally below pleotelson).
	www.crustacea.net /crustace/isopoda/www/pseudoj.htm (282 words)

	pictures
		Following dissection a pleopod is removed from the female for viewing under a dissecting microscope.
		They are milky white and fill in from the edges of the pleopod towards the center.
		The stages are determined by the percent of the surface covered by the glands.
	lobsters.unh.edu /AOLA/pictures.htm (610 words)

	Methods of isolating the androgenic sex hormone from crustacean prawn and marine shrimp and methods of use - Patent ...
		The bud is located at the base of endopod segment ("endo") at the base of the appendix intema ("ai") attached to the coxa ("c") or pleopod base which attaches to the prawn ventral tail area.
		With the other hand, the assistant spread apart the fourth and fifth walking legs and the first pleopods of the host with a blunt probe and/or the assistant's free hand in such a way as to clearly expose, to the injector, the ventral area between the fifth walking leg and the first pleopod.
		Sex was determined by the presence of the external male genitalia on the first pleopod and the presence or absence of the appendix masculina on the second pleopod as described in King, J. A Study of the reproductive organs of the common marine shrimp, Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus).
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6740794.html (18292 words)

	Martina Glanzl
		Pleopod use during locomotion in 5 epibenthic decapoda species.
		Factors determining the dominance of Paracentrotus lividus or Arbatia lixula (Echinodermata; Echinoidea) in a rocky bay of Corsica.
		It clearly appeared that the usage of pleopods rises with a steeper slope although generally, the activity of the species shows a lot of differences.
	homepage.univie.ac.at /martina.glanzl/escience.html (947 words)

	Atlantasellus cavernicolus Sket, 1979
		The female 2nd pleopods are missing and the endopodite of the 2nd pleopod of the male has one article.
		The 3rd pleopod is not articulated and the endopodit is absent.
		The 3rd pleopods are strongly sclerotized and have a superficial sculpture with very prominent keels and edges.
	www.tamug.edu /cavebiology/fauna/isopods/A_cavernicolus.html (395 words)

	Inter Research » MEPS » v250 » p205-213
		Results from the use of the method on different sizes, sexes and moult stages of Northern krill Meganyctiphanes norvegica indicate that the swimming capacity of krill increases with the size of the animal, although pleopod beat frequency decreases with increasing size of the animal.
		The moult stage of the animal affects the swimming capacity, with newly moulted krill being weaker swimmers.
		We argue that results of this kind may be useful in attempts to interpret observed demographic distribution patterns in migration studies as well as in studies of krill population dynamics.
	www.int-res.com /abstracts/meps/v250/p205-213 (317 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In females, however, the abdomen retains a greater number of pleopods and is considerably wider
		This relates to the carrying of the fertilised eggs by the female crabs (as seen in all pleocyemates).
		However, since crabs use the first two pairs of pleopods (abdominal appendages) for sperm transfer, this arrangement has changed.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=crabs (893 words)

	Burrow ventilation in the tube-dwelling shrimp callianassa subterranea (Decapoda: thalassinidea). II. The flow in the ...
		Ventral to the abdomen, the flow was dominated by the metachronally
		extent during the recovery stroke owing to a reduction in pleopod area.
		pleopod movements in combination with the increase in flow velocity at the
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/201/14/2159 (358 words)

	Amazon.com: pleopod's (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Relative pleopod length as an indicator of size at sexual maturity in slipper (Scyllarides squammosus) and spiny Hawaiian (Panulirus marginatus) lobsters.: An article from: Fishery Bulletin by Edward E. DeMartini, Marti L. McCracken, Robert B. Moffitt, and Jerry A. Wetherall (Jul 14, 2006)
		Observations on the male pleopod of the species of ILyoplax Stimpson with a key to the identification of the species (Research bulletin / Phuket Marine Biological Center) by Raoul Serène (Unknown Binding - 1974)
		laid and attached to the 'pleopods' or 'swimmerettes' on the underside...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=pleopod's&tag=lexico&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (1032 words)

	TABS Species Account TN00510
		The antennae are not conspicuously fringed on the mesial border, and the lateral margin of the fixed finger is never serrate.
		The first pleopod has a central projection distinctly longer than the cephalocaudal diameter of the shaft at the base of the projection.
		Form 1 males have one or more corneous projections from the distal ends of the first pair of abdominal appendages (pleopods or swimmerets), sperm ducts full of sperm, and hooks on the bases of certain walking legs SP04.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /tn/TN00510h.htm (789 words)

	BLUECRAB.INFO - Blue Crab Mating
		Males have two pairs of pleopods, located towards the front of the abdomen.
		The gonopod, not the penis, is the intromittent organ used to deliver spermatophores to the female gonopore (the penis fits into a groove on the gonopod to which it delivers sperm).
		The second pleopod is much shorter and functions as a piston to push spermatophores through the hollow core of the gonopod (see male anatomy for more information).
	www.bluecrab.info /mating.html (1193 words)

	CSIRO PUBLISHING - Marine & Freshwater Research
		Pleopod cuticular morphology as an index of moult stage in the ornate Rock Lobster, Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius 1789)
		Seven discrete stages and substages of moulting in the ornate rock lobster, Panulirus ornatus, have been distinguished by microscopic examination of the cuticle and setae of the pleopods.
		Pleopod morphology can reliably indicate whether a lobster has moulted within the previous 24 h or is within 72 h of the next ecdysis.
	www.publish.csiro.au /nid/126/paper/MF9890285.htm (143 words)

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