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Topic: Plesetsk Cosmodrome

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	Plesetsk Cosmodrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Plesetsk launch center was discovered publicly by the Kettering space observers group in London.
		Plesetsk is used for polar or high inclination flights to reduce risk of boosters falling in populated areas around Baykonur and the base is also much closer to Moscow's scientific centers than Baykonur allowing easier assess for development organizations around the capital.
		Plesetsk has the same type of launch pads for the R-7 as does Baykonur, and in addition has more modern launch pads.
	home.comcast.net /~rusaerog/centers/Plesetsk.html (378 words)

	Plesetsk Cosmodrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Western journalists allowed on to the site in 1989 were told of two fatal accidents that had happened there: on Jun. 26 1973, nine technicians were killed in a launch pad accident and on Mar. 18 1980, 50 technicians were killed by an explosion while fuelling a Soyuz booster.
		Plesetsk’s location makes it ideal for launching into polar or high-inclination orbits (63-83° inclination) - those typically favored by military reconnaissance and weather satellites.
		The Russian government is keen to shift more activity, especially unmanned launches, away from Baikonur (which first surpassed Plesetsk in number of launches in 1993) since its current agreement with Kazakhstan to use that facility expires in 2014.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/P/Plesetsk.html (380 words)

	Plesetsk
		Plesetsk was the Soviet Union's northern cosmodrome, used for polar orbit launches of mainly military satellites, and was at one time the busiest launch centre in the world.
		A major defect at the Baikonur cosmodrome was that the living quarters were 30 km from the technical positions, forcing the workers to commute 3 to 4 hours a day and requiring many motor vehicles.
		Chief of the cosmodrome for the first 13 years was Glaktion Yehseyevich Alpaidze; first commander of the forces at Plesetsk from 1966 to 1973 was V I Voznyuk.
	www.astronautix.com /sites/plesetsk.htm (2123 words)

	Plesetsk Cosmodrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		PLESETSK COSMODROME, December 14 (Itar-Tass) - Russian President Vladimir Putin gave high marks on Thursday to the work of the Defence Ministry,...
		Plesetsk Cosmodrome is a Russian spaceport, located about 800 km north of Moscow and south of Arkhangelsk (coordinates vary in different sources, but 62.8°N, 40.1°E seems plausible).
		The village of Plesetsk in Arkhangelsk Oblast had a railway station, essential for the transport of missile components.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/p/pl/plesetsk_cosmodrome.html (186 words)

	Power Woes Plague Plesetsk; May Hinder Launch
		According to sources at Russia's Plesetsk Cosmodrome, a limited electricity supply may hinder the launch of a Soyuz rocket scheduled to loft a military satellite into orbit on May 29.
		The Cosmodrome command asked the company's management to restore the regular amount of power, but Arkhangelskenergo refused to grant the request until the Plesetsk authorities agreed to schedule their facility's debt payments to the utility, now estimated to be about 51 million rubles ($1.8 million).
		The Plesetsk Cosmodrome, the world’s northernmost spaceport, is also its most active, having launched about 40 percent of all the world's satellites.
	space.com /news/spaceagencies/plesetsk_russia_010523.html (165 words)

	Plesetsk Cosmodrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The existence of Plesetsk Cosmodrome was originally kept secret, but it was discovered by British physics teacher Geoffrey Perry and his students, who carefully analyzed the orbit of the Cosmos 112 satellite in 1966 and deduced it had not been launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome.
		Plesetsk is used especially for military satellites placed into high inclination and polar orbits since the range for falling debris is clear to the north which is largely uninhabited arctic and polar terrain.
		Plesetsk is not ideally suited for low inclination or geostationary launches because of its high latitude (as compared to the Kennedy Space Center, at around 28° north or Centre Spatial Guyanais at Kourou, the ESA facility, which is at 5° north).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome (590 words)

	Cosmodrome Plesetsk
		In the meantime, on July 4, 1957, in the town of Bolshevo near Moscow, new military unit to be deployed in Plesetsk was officially formed.
		Various processing improvements in Plesetsk allowed reducing the time necessary to prepare R-7 for launch down to seven or eight hours, as oppose to 12-16 hours needed to launch the same missiles from any of two pads in Tyuratam.
		In the second half of the 1990s, the plans to launch Zenit from the Plesetsk were dropped and the yet-to-be-built launch complex was "reoriented" for the Angara launch vehicle.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /plesetsk.html (2478 words)

	Plesetsk Cosmodrome
		This total is greater than the combined totals from all other nations, estimated at more than one-third of all the world's orbital or planetary space launches.
		Plesetsk is located at 62.8 degrees north latitude in the Arkhangelsk region of Russia, about 400 miles northeast of St. Petersburg.
		Plesetsk was chosen for the launch of polar-orbiting military satellites in December 1962, when it became apparent that the Soviet Union's other launch facility, Baikonur, was unsuitable for that purpose.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Dictionary/PLESETSK/DI170.htm (443 words)

	Space Today Online - Spaceports Around the World - Russia
		Baikonur is a large cosmodrome with nine launch complexes encompassing fifteen launch pads.
		In 1957, the first of several pads at Plesetsk Cosmodrome for launches of the old R7 or A-class missiles-rockets were constructed in support of the USSR's then-infant intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) program.
		Plesetsk Cosmodrome is located in Russia at 2.8oN and 40.1oE, which allows the launch of communications satellites and spy satellites to polar and highly elliptical orbits.
	www.spacetoday.org /Rockets/Spaceports/Russia.html (576 words)

	Plesetsk Cosmodrome Launch Facilities - Russia and Space Transportation Systems
		B. Morozov, "Plesetsk", Aviatsiya I Kosmonavtika, June 1993, pp.40-41.
		The Plesetsk Cosmodrome, for many years (1969-1993) the busiest launch facility in the world, is located in northwestern Russia, about 400 miles northeast of St. Petersburg (formerly Leningrad).
		The 1762-km square cosmodrome is supported by the adjacent town of Mirny.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/world/russia/plesetsk.htm (580 words)

	RedOrbit - Space - Russia Says Tests New-Generation Military Satellite
		Plesetsk (Archangelsk Region), 4 May: The Kosmos-2420 military- purpose satellite that was launched from the Plesetsk cosmodrome [on 3 May] is a fundamentally new spacecraft, commander of Space Troops Col-Gen Vladimir Popovkin has told journalists.
		A Soyuz-U booster rocket that lifted off from the Plesetsk cosmodrome on Wednesday [3 May] successfully put into planned orbit the Kosmos series spacecraft, which is intended to ensure Russia's defence.
		Summing up the results of the work, he had noted that the "combat detail of the Plesetsk cosmodrome had demonstrated a high degree of professionalism, technical proficiency and close cooperation with design bureaux, industrial enterprises and research institutes".
	www.redorbit.com /news/space/492318/russia_says_tests_newgeneration_military_satellite/?source=r_space (414 words)

	NASA considers launching a satellite from Plesetsk Cosmodrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Representatives of the Plesetsk cosmodrome told Tass that NASA specialists were interested in a possibility of launching telecommunication and navigation space vehicles.
		According to the estimates of specialists, the project will help save some 170 million dollars from state funds, which were to be spent on the utilisation of the missiles, and will permit Russia to offer its services on the international market of the launching of small-size space vehicles within the shortest possible period of time.
		Vladimir Ivanov, deputy head of the Plesetsk cosmodrome, believes that the putting to use of the launching facilities of the Plesetsk cosmodrome was the main advantage of Eurokot, because not a single space vehicle has been launched in Plesetsk in the interests of cosmonautics since the beginning of the year."
	www.aeronautics.ru /nws001/tass049.htm (297 words)

	Газета.Ru - Russia Plans Slow Withdrawal from Kazakh Space Base
		Previously the funds for upgrading the Plesetsk cosmodrome were provided mainly by the State Cosmos Centre in the name of Khrunicheva, which makes money from commercial launches.
		The program for the development of Plesetsk is still on the drawing board, but already the ministry of defence and Rosaviakosmos have started to take decisions about concrete tasks.
		The first stage of that plan envisaged the modernisation of Plesetsk launch pad for the launch of Proton M, Soyuz and Molniya rockets and to build a new station for the Zenit rockets.
	www.gazeta.ru /2002/02/27/RussiaPlansS.shtml (704 words)

	UFO Area UFOs In Raid On Soviet Space Centre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		But recently the old cosmodrome underwent a total modernisation and new launch pads were installed to include one capable of handling payloads as heavy as most of those shot into space orbit from Baikonur.
		Plesetsk is the Soviets’ most modern cosmodrome and its space shots are mainly of a military nature.
		The Plesetsk cosmodrome, a quadrangle forty-eight by sixty-four kilometres dotted with sophisticated installations, to all intents and purposes, does not exist.
	www.ufoarea.com /events_ufosinraid.html (2550 words)

	1991 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A multiple launch of an Tsyklon from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on the the 16th May 1991 put six spacecraft into a 1415km orbit inclined at 82.6 degrees, The spacecraft form part of the military constellation for the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense (MO RF).
		A multiple launch of an Tsyklon from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on the the 28th September 1991 put six spacecraft into a 1415km orbit inclined at 82.6 degrees, The spacecraft form part of the military constellation for the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense (MO RF).
		A multiple launch of an Tsyklon from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on the the 12th November 1991 put six spacecraft into a 1415km orbit inclined at 82.6 degrees, The spacecraft form part of the military constellation for the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense (MO RF).
	centaur.sstl.co.uk /sshp/mini/mini91.html (276 words)

	Pravda.RU:Tragic Space Shows of Plesetsk Cosmodrome
		Emergency situations on the cosmodrome of Plesetsk are not frequent, though.
		According to experts’ estimates, the number of breakdowns is to increase on the Plesetsk cosmodrome already in 2004, when a lot of Baikonur cosmodrome programs will be implemented on the northern cosmodrome.
		No outsiders were allowed to access the Plesetsk cosmodrome after the state of emergency that took place in October.
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2003/03/07/44170_.html (1323 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| 'Secret' base looks to bright future
		It is the country's second cosmodrome, the only spaceport on the European continent, and, until recently, the busiest in the world.
		Plesetsk's secret history began in 1957, when it was chosen as a test and launch centre for intercontinental ballistic missiles under the codename Object Angara.
		By monitoring the paths of the first satellites launched from the cosmodrome, they deduced that the launches could not have come from Baikonur and pinpointed its exact position.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/science/nature/4320404.stm (981 words)

	Rockot
		Although Rockot's first test missions originated from test silos in Baikonur, initial commercial operations with the booster were moved to Russia's northern cosmodrome in Plesetsk.
		The first launch of the Rockot booster with the Breeze K upper stage and a RVSN-40 experimental satellite from its new pad in Plesetsk was expected as early as September 1999, however, financial and technical problems delayed the inaguration of the pad until end of 1999.
		The first Rockot's launch from Plesetsk was expected to validate the new rocket and its renovated launch complex for future commercial operations.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /rockot.html (2182 words)

	Plesetsk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Plesetsk (Russian: Плесе́цк) is an urban-type settlement in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, situated about 800 km northeast of Moscow and some 180 km souh of Arkhangelsk.
		The Plesetsk Cosmodrome is located in a nearby town of Mirny.
		It is historically significant in that it was/is a nuclear missile base, and, beside Kapustin Yar, it is the only European and Russian rocket launch facility.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Plesetsk (124 words)

	Russia to launch new rocket booster - Soyuz M2 "Onega" - SkyscraperCity
		Plesetsk is located in North Russia at 62.8 degrees latitude, enabling high inclination, polar, and highly elliptical orbits.
		Russia has to use the Baikonur cosmodrome, nearly 3,000 km (1,800 miles) southeast of Plesetsk in the neighbouring republic of Kazakhstan, to launch large satellites and manned spacecraft with its current Soyuz booster.
		The Soyuz-M2 booster was scheduled to lift off from the Plesetsk cosmodrome in northwest Russia on Friday in a step towards bringing most launches onto Russian territory and away from the Soviet-era base of Baikonur in Kazakhstan, Reuters reported.
	www.skyscrapercity.com /showthread.php?t=146150 (1504 words)

	Russian Rockets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Baikonur Cosmodrome is the launch complex where Sputnik 1, Earth's first artificial satellite, was launched.
		Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia's northernmost launch complex, is the world's busiest spaceport.
		Plesetsk is located at 62.8 degrees latitude, enabling high inclination, polar, and highly elliptical orbits.
	liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov /rsa/pads.html (236 words)

	Print the story
		Image: CryoSat arrived at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 1 September 2005, where it was unloaded from the Antonov into the Integration Facility hall.
		The train transport between Archangel and Plesetsk was also uneventful, thanks to the wide experience gained by Eurockot and Khrunichev during previous campaigns.
		Members of the CryoSat team in Plesetsk will oversee the thorough final testing period before the satellite is eventually jointed to the fairing and prepared for launch on 8 October.
	www.physorg.com /printnews.php?newsid=6194 (607 words)

	Eurockot Launch Service Provider
		Plesetsk Cosmodrome is located at 63° N latitude and 40° E longitude in the Archangel region, 800 km northeast of Moscow and 200 km south of the city of Archangel.
		The town of Mirny, some 42 km from the Rockot launch area, in which technicians and engineers of Plesetsk Cosmodrome live together with their families, grew in parallel with the construction of the cosmodrome.
		The Cosmodrome's main supporting town features a well-developed social infrastructure with two stadiums and sports facilities for tennis, volleyball, basketball and a running track.
	www.eurockot.com /alist.asp?cat_id=43&main=4&subm=43 (389 words)

	PLESETSK cosmodrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The cosmodrome includes 9 launch pads for Soyuz, Molniya, Cosmos-3M, Cyclone-3, Rockot launch vehicles, as well as a variety of assembly/testing facilities, telemetry and tracking stations.
		More than 1500 launches have been performed from the cosmodrome, making it one of the most reliable in the world (98.4% of successful launches).
		KBTM is a leading enterprise in charge of Plesetsk ground infrastructure and ground launch complexes Cyclone, Cosmos, Rockot.
	www.kbtm.ru /english/complexes/plesetsk.htm (294 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In March, $115M per year was proposed as a preliminary figure for rent of the cosmodrome and the land around it.
		In the first few months of 1994, little regular funding was received to run the cosmodrome causing it to also fall behind on payments for power and heat.
		The chief of the cosmodrome said in March that facilities at Plesetsk need 5 Billion (1992) roubles for improvements to assume the responsibilities of Baykonur.
	home.comcast.net /~rusaerog/COS/cos2.html (805 words)

	CNN.com - One dead as Russian Soyuz blows up - Oct. 16, 2002
		The 300-tonne unmanned Soyuz-U launch vehicle exploded 29 seconds after take-off from Russia's Arctic Plesetsk cosmodrome late on Tuesday, its blazing debris showering onto the launchpad, a spokesman for the Emergency Situations Ministry said.
		A spokesman for the defence ministry that manages the Plesetsk cosmodrome said the rocket hit the ground near the launchpad which had been sealed off by troops until a government commission completed investigations.
		The main launch site for Russian space programmes is the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, in former Soviet Central Asia, which Moscow leases from its neighbour.
	edition.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/10/16/russia.soyuz (639 words)

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