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	Pliny the Younger - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Born in Como, Italy, Pliny the Younger was the nephew of Pliny the Elder, who is considered by many to be the greatest naturalist of antiquity.
		As a litterateur, Pliny started writing at the age of fourteen, with a tragedy in Greek, and in the course of his life he wrote a quantity of poetry, most of which was lost despite the great affection he had for it.
		Pliny the Younger states that several earth tremors were felt at the time of the eruption and were followed by a very violent shaking of the ground.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pliny_the_Younger (1290 words)

	Pliny the Elder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pliny's view of life is gloomy; he regards the human race as plunged in ruin and in misery (ii.24, vii.130).
		A special interest attaches to his account of the manufacture of the papyrus (xiii.68 seq.), and of the different kinds of purple dye (ix.130), while his description of the notes of the nightingale is an elaborate example of his occasional felicity of phrase (xxix.81 seq.).
		Seated statues of both the Plinies, clad in the garb of scholars of the year 1500, may be seen in the niches on either side of the main entrance to the cathedral church of Como.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pliny_the_Elder (2513 words)

	Pliny the Elder
		Pliny was a Roman senator and the commander of the imperial fleet at the naval base of Misenum.
		Pliny's last assignment was that of commander of the fleet in the Bay of Naples.
		Pliny's nephew, whom we know as Pliny the Younger, was with him at Misenum, but did not venture out on the ships with his uncle.
	www.crystalinks.com /pliny.html (1412 words)

	Pliny the Elder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Gaius Plinius Secundus, (23–79) better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient author and scientist of some importance who wrote Naturalis Historia.
		Pliny's view of life is gloomy; he regards the human race as plunged in ruin and in misery (ii.24 (http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/2.html#24), vii.130 (http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/7.html#130)).
		About the middle of the 3rd century an abstract of the geographical portions of Pliny's work was produced by ; and early in the 4th century the medical passages were collected in the Medicina Plinii.
	www.secaucus.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Pliny_the_Elder (2557 words)

	Pliny the Younger (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pliny was orphaned at an early age had Virginius Rufus (an important man and general in the Roman army) as his tutor.
		As a litterateur, Pliny started writing at the age of 14, with a tragedy in Greek, and in the course of his life he wrote a quantity of poetry, most of which was lost despite the great affection he had for it.
		So as the Letters begin, Pliny the Younger is telling Tacitus that the following words are meant to be used as an accurate history of the death of Pliny the Elder and of the eruption itself (which destroyed Herculaneum, Stabiae and Pompeii, one of Rome's most important cities).
	usapedia.com /p/pliny-the-younger.html (1191 words)

	Pliny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pliny the Elder perished in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
		Pliny the Younger -- a name that may be familiar to horticulturists for his detailed work in describing plants -- referred to the "garden rooms" at his Tuscan...
		Pliny the Elder, a Roman nobleman, scientist and historian who died in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD The great-nephew of the former, Pliny the Younger, a statesman, orator, and writer who lived between 62 AD and 113 AD.
	www.wikiverse.org /pliny (201 words)

	Pliny the Younger's villas and garden letters
		In the time of Pliny this and other technical words were probably so incorporated in common speech that there was no sense of their being derived from the Greek gymnasium, though this feeling was strong in Cicero’s time.
		Pliny says the place is very convenient from the point of view of utility, and not expensive to keep up; and he had no large park or important pleasure-garden here.
		Pliny calls this (in his witty, antithesis-loving style) Tragedy, because it is poised on the cothurnus, and the other one on the strand is Comedy, because it is on the soccus, nearer to the ground.
	www.gardenvisit.com /got/4/5.htm (4064 words)

	Pliny the Elder
		We do not know much about his family, except for the fact that he had a sister, and that his father was wealthy enough to be a member of the equestrian class, which means that he possessed at least 400,000 sesterces (100,000 normal day wages).
		Pliny, however, developed a liking of the military, and was soon promoted to prefect of a cavalry unit.
		Pliny seems to have stayed in the Rhine army for some time, because in 50/51, he took part in the campaign against the Chatti, a tribe that lived opposite Mainz.
	www.livius.org /pi-pm/pliny/pliny_e.html (1224 words)

	Pliny
		Pliny the Elder was the governor of Bithynia in Asia Minor and lived between 23-79.
		We find that already before Pliny became governor, it was generally recognized as a capital crime to be connected with the church, and it had become the custom to put an accused Christian to the test by requiring him to sacrifice to the image of the emperor.
		Pliny the Elder is almost the only Roman who won renown as an investigator of the phenomena of nature.
	www.latter-rain.com /eccles/pliny.htm (235 words)

	Medieval Bestiary : Pliny the Elder
		Gaius Plinius Secondus, called Pliny the Elder to distinguish him from his nephew, known as Pliny the Younger, was born in 23 CE in Como (Northern Italy).
		In 79 CE Pliny was killed in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, which he had come to study.
		Pliny's work habits are described in a letter by the younger Pliny (Epistles 3.v): "...he possessed a keen intellect; he had a marvellous capacity for work, and his powers of application were enormous.
	www.bestiary.ca /prisources/psdetail529.htm (903 words)

	from jesus to christ: why did christianity succeed?: pliny's policy - execution
		Pliny is one of the most important aristocrats of his generation.
		So we have to imagine Pliny seated [as] a Roman magistrate all decked out in his finery, enthroned in the tribunal with his guards and his bailiffs and his courtiers around him, and before him stand these Christians and Pliny can't figure out who they are or why they're there and he has to ask.
		Still, Pliny's a little nervous about this situation even though he has taken legal action [in executing the Christians], he feels compelled to write to his friend the emperor and tell him what he's done because it's an unusual case.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/why/pliny.html (1105 words)

	Pliny the Younger
		With the senator Cicero and the father of the church Augustine, Pliny is the best-known of all Romans.
		Pliny had to study rhetoric, because was essential to be able to speak in public.
		Of course there were several ranks in the Senate (former quaestors, former praetors, former consuls...) and Pliny belonged to the least important senators, but nevertheless: he was a senator, and he was allowed to wear a toga with a broad purple edge.
	www.livius.org /pi-pm/pliny/pliny_y.htm (1674 words)

	[No title]
		Pliny tells us that his uncle looked to him for assistance in his literary work, and he was thus engaged when his uncle lost his life in the eruption of Vesuvius in 79, so graphically described in the two famous letters to Tacitus.
		Pliny was not the man to make a bold stand against tyranny, and, during those perilous years, one can well believe that he did his best to avoid compromising himself, though his sympathies were wholly on the side of his proscribed friends.
		Pliny writes of the slaves of his household just as any kind- hearted Jamaican planter would have written before the Emancipation Act, and it is to be noted that the head slaves of a Roman gentleman's establishment were often Greeks of high literary attainments, and treated by their masters as intimate and affectionate friends.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/etext02/ltpln10.txt (20078 words)

	PBS: The Roman Empire in the First Century - Ancient Voices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pliny the Elder, a friend of Vespasian and a naval commander, was a prolific author.
		Pliny describes in detail the nature of the physical universe: geography, anthropology, zoology, botany, and the medicinal uses of plants and curatives derived from the animals, among a host of other topics.
		Pliny and his young nephew and ward, Pliny the Younger, were present at the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
	www.pbs.org /empires/romans/voices/voices1d.html (423 words)

	Re: orion Solinus, Dio, Pliny
		It is possible, for instance, that Pliny does routinely use "infra" to mean downstream: this does not guarantee that his source used "infra" in that sense.
		Pliny goes directly from Callirhoe near Jericho to the Essenes; Solinus injects between these two a discussion of balsam groves (from Pliny 12.111-124 - balsam was cultivated near Jericho) and Sodom and Gomorrah (Dio Chrysostom also put the Essenes in the vicinity of Sodom - per Philo, near Jericho; per Strabo 16.2.44, near Masada).
		Per Pliny 5.73, Ein Gedi was "second only to Jerusalem [Jericho] in the fertility of its land and in its groves of palm-trees." This is clearly an allusion to the royal parks of date-palms (and balsam) at Jericho and Ein Gedi, and shows a good knowledge of the date industry.
	orion.mscc.huji.ac.il /orion/archives/1998a/msg00257.html (801 words)

	Pliny the Elder
		Of course, his patron Pomponius was dead, but Pliny was a veteran officer and had published two important books on military matters and a biography, so it is not exaggerated to say that he was "someone".
		Pliny must have known that he was not the man to cope with this type of situation.
		In August 79, Pliny's sister and her son were staying with him at Misenum, when the Vesuvius became active.
	www.livius.org /pi-pm/pliny/pliny_e2.html (1648 words)

	AllRefer.com - Pliny the Elder (Classical Literature, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Pliny the Elder (Caius Plinius Secundus)[pli´nE] Pronunciation Key, c.
		It is divided into 37 books and, after a preface, deals with the nature of the physical universe; geography; anthropology; zoology; botany, including the medicinal uses of plants; curatives derived from the animal world; and mineralogy, including an account of the uses of pigments and a history of the fine arts.
		Pliny's industry was immense and his knowledge of sources extensive, but his information is mostly secondhand and quite useless as science.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/PlinyEld.html (322 words)

	Pliny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pliny the Elder's Natural History defined the scope and breadth of the field of natural history, the description ("historia") of nature, as opposed to natural philosophy, the inquiry into the causes of natural phenomena.
		Pliny, a Roman nobleman, died in 79 AD investigating the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius that buried Pompeii.
		Cosmology: According to Pliny, the Sun occupies a privileged position in the middle of the heavens, where it may shine its light both downward upon the Earth and inferior planets, and outward toward the superior planets and the fixed stars.
	homepage.mac.com /kvmagruder/hsci/06-Roman/pliny.html (1340 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: The Letters of the Younger Pliny (Penguin Classics) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pliny's obsequious tone is quite different from his personal letters, and I can almost picture Trajan rolling his eyes when his secretary arrived with another of Pliny's overly deferential missives.
		Pliny's self-selected letters comprise a fascinating bit of ancient autobiography, and should be of interest to a wide variety of readers.
		Pliny is no exception to the rule, his letters are teeming with light and a love of life and contemplation.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0140441271?v=glance (1580 words)

	LacusCurtius • Pliny the Elder's Natural History
		I hand-keyed the Latin text of Pliny from Teubner editions of the text as established by Karl Mayhoff.
		Although my bet is that Pliny himself didn't worry about accents and breathings, the Greek in the Teubner edition has them: on these pages therefore Greek is given in font SPIonic, which few people have, but which I burned in.
		Pliny dies in the eruption of Vesuvius: an interesting 18c engraving, commented.
	penelope.uchicago.edu /Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/home.html (1233 words)

	The Destruction of Pompeii, 79 AD
		This voice belongs to Pliny the Younger whose letters describe his experience during the eruption while he was staying in the home of his Uncle, Pliny the Elder.
		The elder Pliny was an official in the Roman Court, in charge of the fleet in the area of the Bay of Naples and a naturalist.
		Pliny died there in 113 at the age of 52 or 53.
	www.eyewitnesstohistory.com /pompeii.htm (1573 words)

	Classics 219: The Roman Empire: Pliny, Letters
		Your letter, my dear Pliny, was extremely acceptable, as it informed me of the zeal and affection with which you, together with the army and the provincials, solemnized the day of my accession to the empire.
		I agree with you, my dear Pliny, that there seems to be no other method of facilitating the placing out of the public money, than by lowering the interest; the rate of which you will determine according to the number of borrowers.
		The method you have pursued, my dear Pliny, in the proceedings against those Christians which were brought before you, is extremely proper; as it is not possible to lay down any fixed rule by which to act in all cases of this nature.
	www.princeton.edu /~champlin/cla219/219pliny.htm (11316 words)

	Pliny - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pliny the Elder, an ancient Roman nobleman, scientist and historian.
		Pliny the Younger, an ancient Roman statesman, orator, and writer.
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pliny (85 words)

	Pliny and Trajan on the Christians
		Pliny tells us that he was seventeen at the time of the eruption of Vesuvius, which would mean he was born in 62 CE.
		Pliny's itinerary in Pontus is puzzling: he seems have gone first to Sinope, then east to Amisus, and back-- either by sea, or by passing through Sinope again-- to Amastris, before returning to Bithynia.
		According to Keresztes, "Pliny's unhesitating decision to have the faithful confessors put to death" indicates the existence of a general practice, and the legal basis for such a practice can only be some kind of imperial edict previously issued by Nero.
	users.drew.edu /~ddoughty/christianorigins/persecutions/plinynot.html (3254 words)

	bloch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pliny, like Pausanias, has had a long career as a mine of information for archaeologists and art historians, interested in understanding the provenance of the visible remains of Classical art.
		But new approaches to Pliny’s own historiographic methods and the place of art history in the wider frame of his research has yet to be fully integrated into art historical scholarship on the ancient world.
		Attribution is a serious problem for Pliny in his chapters on art history because of the nature of his organisational schema.
	www.apaclassics.org /AnnualMeeting/03mtg/abstracts/doody.html (537 words)

	Bibliography: The Younger Pliny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Hart, G. The Villas of Pliny: A Study of the Pastimes of a Roman Gentleman.
		Baker, Robert J. "Pliny, Epistulae 7.31 and the Persistence of a Theme," Maia 37: 49-54.
		Pliny the Younger on Private Recitations and C. Titius on Irresponsible Judges," Latomus 49: 464-72.
	classics.uc.edu /~johnson/pliny/plinybib.html (2158 words)

	04-07hen
		Pliny's writing is an art; he does not describe monumental art except to 'hallow and colour' his pages.
		It begins by referring to Mayor and his dedication of his book on Pliny 3 to Karl Ernst Georges in 1880 before moving on to Martial's epigram dedicated to Pliny, followed by a discussion of Pliny's obituary on Martial and how the two writers used each other for their own immortality.
		Pliny does not mention from whom the legacy came, so why should he say whether they also had a shared interest and that this was part of his remembrance or memorial?
	www.classics.und.ac.za /reviews/0407hen.htm (1974 words)

	Rocky Road: Pliny the Elder
		Next to Aristotle, Pliny the Elder was probably the single most influential scholar in Classical times.
		Pliny wrote several books on Roman history and a grammar book, but by far his greatest achievement was Natural History.
		Pliny the Elder was killed during the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD, apparently suffocated by volcanic ash.
	www.strangescience.net /pliny.htm (390 words)

	Skeptical Inquirer: Pliny the Elder: rampant credulist, rational skeptic, or both?
		Pliny the Elder's Natural History was the premier source of information about the natural world for fifteen hundred years.
		Pliny's Natural History, an encyclopedic compendium of Roman knowledge, was called by Cuvier "one of the most precious monuments that has come down to us from ancient times" (Cuvier 1854).
		The evidence we have, as we read his Natural History, suggests Pliny was a conflicted man, with a deep belief in skepticism and rational inquiry, yet unable to rise out of the magical thinking endemic around him.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2843/is_1_27/ai_95501851 (1444 words)

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