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| | MIOCENE - LoveToKnow Article on MIOCENE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12) |
 | | The mammalian land-fauna of Europe made striking advances, and assumed a decidedly African aspect. |
 | | Marsupials had disappeared from it before the Burdigalian period, during which primitive genera like Palaeochoerus, Hyopotamus, and the hornless ruminants Anthracotherium and Brachyopus, became extinct, while proboscideans (Mastodon, Dinotherium), rhinoceros and apes (Oreopithecus, Pliopithecus) came in, followed by antelopes, beavers and probably Machaerodus in the Vindobonian. |
 | | The spread of turf-forming grasses was succeeded in the Pontian by an enormous increase of herbivorous mammals, including Hip parion and horned ruminants (Helladotherium, Antilope, Cervus, Camelopardalis, Palaeotragus), whose migrations were facilitated by the desiccation of the Medi terranean basin. |
| 88.1911encyclopedia.org /M/MI/MIOCENE.htm (990 words) |
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