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Topic: Plume

In the News (Mon 28 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Galapagos plume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The plume is thought to contribute material to GSC lavas, and lavas from the Galápagos hotspot contain an unusually large component of upper mantle material.
		PLUME, WD, FLO and DUM are compositional endmembers, as identified by principal component analysis of isotopic and trace element data on all Galapagos Island and seamount data (Harpp and White, 2001).
		The occurrence of FLO in the south and WD in the north is attributed to zoning of heterogeneities in the plume.
	www.dur.ac.uk /maple.plumes/Galapagos1.html (1075 words)

	Beyond the Plume Myth
		Accommodating plumes relegates mantle convection to a weak, sluggish effect such that basal drag appears as a minor, resisting force, with plates having to move themselves by boundary forces and continents having to be rifted by plumes” (IX p.
		The “plume head, which is assumed to have a diameter of 1000 km, rises to form, beneath the lithosphere, an oblate circular disk, with a diameter of 2000-2500 km.
		Other plume models have resorted to a variety of ad hoc plumbing arrangements for melt to reach the surface including swaying or deflection of plumes, channeling of plume material by lithospheric structure, multiple conduits from a single plume head, or have devised special shapes such as tabular plumes.
	www.newgeology.us /presentation23.html (6760 words)

	Mantle plume - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As the heads of mantle plumes can partly melt when they reach shallow depths, they are thought to be the cause of volcanic centers known as hotspots and probably also to have caused flood basalts.
		Due to the depth of the boundary, proving that plumes are generated near or at the core is difficult and has led to controversy.
		It is usually defined as a plume that has a diameter of at least 1500-3000 km by the time the plume head spreads at the base of the lithosphere.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mantle_plume (1362 words)

	PMEL Hydrothermal Plume Studies: Why Study?
		Detecting hydrothermal plumes by measuring the intensity of temperature and particle anomalies and mapping their distributions has been an effective method for discovering the locations of major vent fields and identifying locations for further exploration.
		Studying the distribution of plume tracers in the far field ocean has led to new insights in understanding patterns of circulation and mixing of the deep and intermediate waters of the Pacific Ocean.
		Finding these event plumes quickly has enabled VENTS researchers to study the thermal and chemical evolution of hydrothermal systems generated by events, and to track an event plume (after the eruption at Gorda Ridge in 1996), enabling us to sample the same plume two months after the eruption.
	www.pmel.noaa.gov /vents/PlumeStudies/plumes-whystudy.html (761 words)

	The PLUME Eperiment
		xperiment studies the shape and the origin of the mantle plume beneath the Hawaiian hotspot that is responsible for spectacular volcanism on the surface.
		Plume basalts (a type of volcanic rock), or OIB (ocean island basalts), seem to be different from mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB).
		The transition zone between 410 and 660km that separates the upper from the lower mantle tends to be thinner when a hot plume intersects it, where the 660 domes upward and the 410 is depressed.
	mahi.ucsd.edu /Gabi/plume.html (2359 words)

	6.3 Formulation of The Reactive Plume Model (RPM)
		In this model, the plume is modeled by a set of ``cells'' consisting of equal masses of pollutants, by assuming a Gaussian distribution of the pollutant mass along the plume centerline.
		In the figure, R1 is the region containing the cell closest to the plume centerline, R2 contains the ground-level cell along the plume centerline in the horizontal, and R3 contains the centerline cells with respect to both the horizontal and the vertical.
		In typical cases, the extreme pollutant concentration occurs along the plume centerline, and the pollutant concentration decreases as the distance of the cells from the centerline increases.
	www.ccl.rutgers.edu /~ssi/thesis/thesis-node41.html (1162 words)

	Measuring emission rates of gases in volcanic plumes, including carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide
		Like this plume rising from the crater of Mount St. Helens, a typical plume of gas rises to some height above a volcano where it reaches equilibrium with the atmosphere and is bent over and blown away.
		The amount of sulfur dioxide gas (SO in a plume is measured with an optical correlation spectrometer (COSPEC) by moving the instrument beneath the plume in an aircraft or along the ground.
		Although the COSPEC can be used from the ground in a vehicle or on a tripod to scan a plume, the highest quality measurements are obtained by mounting a COSPEC in an aircraft and flying traverses underneath the plume at right angles to the direction of plume travel (sketch of traverse).
	volcanoes.usgs.gov /About/What/Monitor/Gas/plumes.html (970 words)

	CS-10 PLUME RESPONSE ALTERNATIVE A
		Captures a portion of the plume before it migrates out of the CS-10 plume footprint and deeper into the aquifer, allowing for more efficient downgradient extraction.
		Plume capture is highest among the alternatives currently under consideration.
		The potential for discharge of the plume to Ashumet Pond and for further migration of the plume beneath the pond is reduced compared to the other alternatives under consideration.
	www.mmr.org /Cleanup/plumes/cs10/alta.htm (368 words)

	Cassini-Huygens: Multimedia-Images
		During a non-targeted flyby by the Cassini spacecraft of Saturn's moon Enceladus on Nov. 26, 2005, Cassini's visual and infrared mapping spectrometer measured the spectrum of the plumes originating from the south pole of the icy moon.
		It shows a very similar signature of small ice particles to that in the plumes, confirming earlier expectations that Enceladus is indeed the source of the E ring.
		Preliminary analyses suggest that the average size of the particles in the plume is about 10 microns (or 1/100,000 of a meter).
	saturn.jpl.nasa.gov /multimedia/images/image-details.cfm?imageID=1906 (289 words)

	Study of Organic Contaminants in Air and Water in ....Episodic Events
		From satellite observations of Lake Michigan, the plume effect event is known to occur on a yearly basis.
		During the plume, the bottom sediment is resuspended and transported off-shore by wind-created waves.
		Due to the coastal plume effect, organic contaminants, previously deposited over time and buried in the lake bed sediment, reenter the water column along with the resuspended bottom sediment.
	www.epa.gov /grtlakes/fund/plumerfp.html (1498 words)

	Paul Hall Research: Plume-Ridge Interaction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The second form of convection involves plumes which arise as a consequence of localised sources of thermal and/or compositional buoyancy within the mantle.
		Plume ridge interaction is most clearly manifested where the plume is located directly beneath or immediately adjacent to the ridge axis (e.g., Iceland and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge).
		In this case plume-ridge interaction may be described by the plume-source/ridge-sink model wherein buoyant plume material is funneled to the ridge axis along the sloping base of the oceanic lithosphere.
	espo.gso.uri.edu /~phall/research_pr.html (624 words)

	Home - Plume
		Plume is a complete set of packages to create and administrate a network of diskless computers used as X terminals.
		Plume is working fine at several places for a long time now (early year 2000), without much maintenance and without specialists needed when something is to be done.
		There is even a French-speaking mailing-list dedicated to current users of Plume installations here.
	plume.bxlug.be (366 words)

	River Plume-Ocean Interactions IV Posters - Ocean Sciences [OS]
		The residual plume is a layer of intermediate salinity fluid that surrounds the new plume.
		Our plume survey showed that nitrate concentrations near the river mouth were high both within the plume and in the near-shore surroundings, but that ammonium levels were higher within the near-field plume (but not the aged plume).
		Furthermore, 50-80% of the phytoplankton biomass found in the modeled plume is oceanic, not riverine, in origin, and, as also suggested by field observation, most of this oceanic fraction is entrained into the plume within a few tidal cycles and a few km of the river mouth.
	www.agu.org /meetings/os06/os06-sessions/os06_OS35I.html (5830 words)

	EOS Volcanology Plume Topography Studies
		The vent is in the lower left corner of the image and the plume (white in this visible channel) is being blown to the east.
		In this area, the algorithm is calculating the altitude of the plume above the ground, based on the elevation of the sun in the sky.
		Super-heated steam plumes, such as the ones seen here in southwest Iceland, form one such set of plumes that is useful for this type of analysis.
	eos.higp.hawaii.edu /eos/ppages/plumetopo.html (804 words)

	Vita Plume
		Of Latvian heritage, fibre artist Vita Plume has used her art to look at the problem of culture loss that results when a massive emigration, such as the post-World War II Latvian emigration, occurs.
		Plume's textile work is informed by traditional Latvian language, techniques and symbols, yet she refuses to adhere to strict traditional dictations on colour and pattern because she believes the changes occurring in a culture over time are necessary to its vitality.
		Plume has instructed at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design and Concordia University, and was the coordinator of the Fibres Program at Concordia University from 1995 to 1998.
	art-history.concordia.ca /eea/artists/plume.html (779 words)

	Chandra :: Photo Album :: Centaurus Cluster :: 29 Jan 02 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The plume is some 70,000 light years in length and has a temperature of about 10 million degrees Celsius.
		Other possibilities are that the plume consists of debris stripped from a galaxy which fell into the cluster, or that it is gas pushed out of the center of the cluster by explosive activity in the central galaxy.
		A problem with these ideas is that the plume has the same concentration of heavy elements such as oxygen, silicon, and iron as the surrounding hot gas.
	chandra.harvard.edu /photo/2002/0146/index.html (234 words)

	Iceland plume - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Iceland Plume is an upwelling of anomalously hot rock in the Earth's mantle beneath Iceland whose origin probably lies at the boundary between the core and the mantle at ca.
		Volcanic rocks related to it are found to both sides of the coast of southern Greenland and had their ages determined to lie between 58 and 64 million years; this coincides with the opening of the north Atlantic in the late Paleocene and early Eocene.
		However, in particular the weak visibility of the plume in tomographic images of the lower mantle and the geochemical hints on eclogite in the mantle source have raised doubts among some scientists like Don L. Anderson that the plume model is really valid.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iceland_plume (1648 words)

	PMEL Hydrothermal Plume Studies: 1986 Cleft Eruption
		In 1986, a large plume of hot, particle laden water approximately one million cubic meters in volume was discovered over the North Cleft segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge.
		We have produced a primitive movie of these plumes between 1986, when the first event plume was discovered, and 1997.
		A longer-lasting chronic plume below marked the initiation of a new vent field or the reinvigoration of an old one.
	www.pmel.noaa.gov /vents/PlumeStudies/FirstMegaplume.html (540 words)

	Plume Moths
		Larvae of plume moths can be recognized by their slender, stalk-like prolegs and their setae with swollen tips.
		Geranium plume moths and snapdragon plume moths appear to be most active in California although they have been found in southeastern greenhouses that have received cuttings from California.
		Two of the economically important members of this genus are the geranium plume moth and the snapdragon plume moth.
	ipm.ncsu.edu /AG136/cater14.html (442 words)

	French culture \| performing arts: Cirque Plume 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A Cirque Plume show is made by the living for the living; It's joyful, colourful, profound, poetic, messy, rough and ready, and precise.
		The plume of the title is a feather which recurrs throughout the show to symbolize everyone's inspiration and dreams.
		Each of Cirque Plume's ten Lincoln Center performances in their own yellow, 935-seat tent was well attended and enthusiastically received.
	www.info-france-usa.org /culture/perfo/events/01cirqueplume.html (861 words)

	Amazon.com: Plume: Music: Loscil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Loscil still inhabits the dream-space of drones and micro-expression, a phantasmal realm where the crackle of dust and static vie with the subtle movement of atmospheric heartbeats and the pulsating rhythm of sunspot activity.
		Plume is Morgan's ode to smoke, a collection of wandering ambience that is both fog and light.
		Venturing into more vaporous atmospheres than his previously aquatic-themed work, Plume is a record that unties you from gravity, frees you from the heavy weight of your ossifying bones.
	www.amazon.com /Plume-Loscil/dp/B000F1IOIY (1126 words)

	Spacecraft At Io Sees And Sniffs Tallest Volcanic Plume
		To see if the Tvashtar plume was still active in August, scientists used Galileo's camera to acquire images when the spacecraft was nearly on the opposite side of Io from the Sun, so that Io appears as a backlit crescent.
		A portion of the plume with intermediate brightness extends north of the eruption's source vent.
		The bright material of the new plume deposit overlies the red-ring plume deposit encircling the Tvashtar volcano at 63 degees north, 123 degrees west.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/jupiter-io-01a.html (1403 words)

	Penguin Group (USA) \| About Us \| Plume
		Plume was founded in 1970 as the trade paperback imprint of New American Library.
		Plume was also a pioneer in gay publishing, with such classics as Edmund White's A Boy's Own Story and Andrew Holleran's Dancer from the Dance, which built the foundation for an exceptional gay and lesbian publishing program.
		Plume's acclaimed literary fiction list boasts many bestselling and prizewinning authors, including Dorothy Allison (Bastard out of Carolina), Pat Barker (Regeneration), E. Doctorow (Ragtime), Diane Johnson (Le Divorce), Joyce Carol Oates (We Were the Mulvaneys), Cathleen Schine (The Evolution of Jane), and Tracy Chevalier (Girl With a Pearl Earring).
	us.penguingroup.com /static/html/aboutus/adult/plume.html (651 words)

	The Legend Of The White Plume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was secretly hoping for one of them to marry the handsome hero White Plume, so called because he always wore one in his fl hair.
		Next morning, Younger Sister said, "You have married the wrong man. Today the real White Plume will come." Older Sister was very cross and declared emphatically that she was certain she had married the true hero, White Plume.
		Later in the night, White Plume called out to the imposter, but hearing no response, he quietly exchanged his own clothes, which he used for a pillow, with those of the imposter.
	www.homestead.com /opossumsally/plume.html (993 words)

	Plume Lighting for Imaging
		The Plume Cocoon is a simple time saving innovation for every photographer and non-photographer who has fought to make small products look great.
		The Plume Cocoon is a Zip Up Semi-rigid Plastic "Dome" made up of four Translucent Diffusion Panels that create a egg shape "baby cove" into which the product is placed.
		You can use the Plume Cocoon with sunlight, skylight, full-spectrum fluorescent or flash as well as *tungsten lights.
	www.plumeltd.com /cocoon.htm (635 words)

	papers/plume/plume.html
		This type of plume is generally not seen in numerical models of mantle convection.
		Simulations using a plume rising from a thermal boundary layer with an olivine-type temperature-dependence show that most of the source material is contained in the plume head and that the conduit is largely composed of entrained material.
		Snapshots of the evolution of the thermal plume shown every 100 s (laboratory scaling).The grey scales indicate temperature in degrees Celsius.The transition from source to surrounding material is indicated by the solid line.The inset focuses on the plume head at 400 s.
	www.geo.lsa.umich.edu /~keken/papers/EPSL.97/plume.html (608 words)

	2005 Chapman Conference--The Great Plume Debate: The Origin and Impact of LIPs and Hot Spots
		A mantle starting plume is predicted to consist of a large spherical head followed by a small tail.
		Plume heads have been proposed to be responsible for Earth's major flood basalts and plume tails for aseismic ridges and island chains that connect the flood basalt to the current position of the hot spot.
		Many variants of the original classical plume hypothesis have been invoked to take account of such observations, but this approach has been criticized on the grounds that it sacrifices scientific objectivity and renders the theory invulnerable.
	www.agu.org /meetings/cc05gcall.html (2165 words)

	The Plume (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Therefore the minimum daily salinity serves as a better marker for the presence of the plume than either the maximum daily salinity (although the maximum daily salinity may deserve investigation as well, since it would mark the absence of the plume at some point during the tidal cycle) or the daily salinity range.
		While the difference in distribution of the wind between periods when the plume is absent and when the plume is present is substantial, it is not necessarily the case that the direction of the wind is a cause of the presence or absence of the plume.
		Within each month, the distribution of points where the plume is absent is not significantly different from the distribution of points where the plume is present.
	www.ccalmr.ogi.edu /~cseaton/ogi01plume.html (496 words)

	The Regency Plume Newsletter
		THE REGENCY PLUME is now in its 15th year of publication with over 1000 subscribers from all over the world.
		The sole aim of THE REGENCY PLUME is to enrich the reader's knowledge of the Regency period and to aid authors who are setting books within that time frame in their quest for historical accuracy.
		THE REGENCY PLUME is a bi-monthly newsletter especially for people who love to read Regency and Regency-set historical novels, and for the writers who write them.
	theregencyplume.tripod.com (1300 words)

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