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Topic: Pluvial lake

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List of prehistoric lakes

Lake Lahontan

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Lake Bonneville

Proglacial lake

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	Lake Lahontan History
		Lake Lahontan is a pluvial lake that formed within the western portion of the Great Basin, occupying the majority of northwestern Nevada during the middle to late Pleistocene.
		Lake Lahontan was the second largest pluvial lake in the northern hemisphere, covering approximately 21,000 km² during its period of high water level.
		Pluvial lakes are, by definition, lakes that have had considerable fluctuations in water levels primarily due to climatic changes and fluctuations in precipitation.
	www.uwec.edu /jolhm/Past_Classes/1998/491Class/Nov7/history.htm (621 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 4
		Lake Lahontan is a pluvial lake that formed within the western portion of the Great Basin,occupying the majority of northwestern Nevada during the middle to late Pleistocene.
		A pluvial lake is one that has had considerable fluctuations in water levels primarily due to climatic changes and fluctuations in precipitation and evaporation rates.
		Pluvial lakes are formed within closed basin formations that have no through-drainage outlets into surrounding fluvial or coastal systems.
	www.uwec.edu /jolhm/Past_Classes/1999/RENO/oct08/History.html (612 words)

	Great Salt Lake - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Salt Lake City and its suburbs are located east of the lake, between the lake and the Wasatch Mountains, but land around the north and west shores are almost uninhabited.
		The lake is deepest in the area between these island chains, about 10.7 m (~35 ft) deep at the 1,280 m (~4,200 ft) level.
		North of the causeway, the lake is dominated by halophilic bacteria which gives the water an unusual reddish or purplish color.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Great_Salt_Lake (1466 words)

	Extent of Pleistocene Lakes in the Western Great Basin
		Lake Warner shoreline from Weide (1975), Lake Alvord shoreline and overflow from Hemphill-Haley (1987), and Lake Coyote shoreline and overflow from Lindberg and Hemphill-Haley (1988).
		The extent of older pluvial lakes in unvisited lake basins is unknown.
		Lake areas (late Pleistocene and maximum) are based on shoreline altitudes measured at the field localities shown on map and described in detail in Reheis and Morrison (1997) and Reheis and others (in press).
	geo-nsdi.er.usgs.gov /metadata/map-mf/2323/metadata.faq.html (1986 words)

	Great Salt Lake: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Great Salt Lake Salt Flats (Salt Flats: A flat expanse of salt left by the evaporation of a body of salt water) lie to the west, and the Oquirrh Mountains (Oquirrh Mountains: 300pxthumbrightoquirrh mountains forming western border of the salt lake valleythe oquirrh...
		The only animals that live in the lake are tiny brine shrimp (brine shrimp: Common to saline lakes), the eggs of which are harvested in quantity.
		The lake is deepest in the area between these island chains, about 35 ft (10.7 m) deep at the 4200 ft level.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/great_salt_lake (1200 words)

	[No title]
		Lake Lisan, the Pleistocene precursor of the Dead Sea.
		Radiocarbon chronology of Lake Lahontan and Lake Bonneville.
		Biostratigraphy and radiocarbon dating of the Holocene lake sediments of Tyotjarvi and the peats in the adjoining bog Varrasuo west of Lahti in southern Finland.
	cdiac.esd.ornl.gov /ftp/ndp011/lakelevl/lakelevl.ref (3705 words)

	Pluvial Lakes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The most significant factor affecting the supply of water to the lakes in closed basins is precipitation in the drainage area.
		The amount of this precipitation that reaches the lake depends on seasonal distribution of precipitation (proportions of snow and rain), the type and amount of vegetation, mean annual and seasonal temperatures, and topography.
		There are difficulties in using lake level fluctuations as indicators of paleoprecipitation because of problems with estimating past rates of evaporation, and percentages of precipitation that became runoff.
	geography.uoregon.edu /arbd/430-530/10_6.htm (288 words)

	[No title]
		Description: Abstract: During the Pliocene to middle Pleistocene, pluvial lakes in the western Great Basin repeatedly rose to levels much higher than those of the well-documented late Pleistocene pluvial lakes, and some presently isolated basins were connected.
		Purpose: The purpose of this map is to show the differences between the extents of late Pleistocene pluvial lakes and older, larger lakes caused by much higher effective moisture during past glacial-pluvial episodes.
		Completeness_Report: Late Pleistocene lake areas are shown for all pluvial lakes within the map area that extend into Nevada or are part of the Lahontan drainage basin.
	geode.usgs.gov /ftp/nvesp/state_bnd.met (1633 words)

	ipedia.com: Great Salt Lake Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Salt Lake City and its suburbs are on the eastern shore of the lake.
		As all three rivers feeding the lake flow into the southern half, the northern half of the lake is now noticeably saltier than the south half.
		The lake is difficult to approach, being fringed by mud flats, but from time to time a resort called Saltair has operated on the southern shore of the lake.
	www.ipedia.com /great_salt_lake.html (356 words)

	Proglacial lake: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		At the end of the last ice age (ice age: Any period of time during which glaciers covered a large part of the earth's surface) approximately 10,000 years ago, large proglacial lakes were a widespread feature in the northern hemisphere.
		In other cases, such as Glacial Lake Missoula (Glacial Lake Missoula: glacial lake missoula was a prehistoric proglacial lake in western montana that existed...
		pluvial lake (pluvial lake: a pluvial lake is a lake which experiences significant increase in depth and extent as a...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/proglacial_lake (137 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In geology, a proglacial lake is a lake formed by the damming action of a moraine or ice dam during the retreat of a melting glacier.
		At the end of the last ice age approximately 10,000 years ago, large proglacial lakes were a widespread feature in the northern hemisphere.
		In other cases, such as Glacial Lake Missoula and Glacial Lake Wisconsin in the United States, the sudden rupturing the supporting dam allowed a rapid catastrophic floods, resulting in the formation of gorges and other structures downstream from the former lake.
	proglacial_lake.iqexpand.com (413 words)

	para&proglacial
		Pluvial lakes are ancient lakes of great size that formed in closed basins (like the bolsons of the American Southwest) as a consequence of glacial climates and the surplus of available moisture over evaporation and transpiration.
		One of the largest pluvial lakes to have existed on North America was Pluvial Lake Bonneville.
		In addition to Lake Bonneville, numerous other pluvial lakes were located throughout the Basin and Range region and in Africa and Australia.
	www.homepage.montana.edu /~geol445/hyperglac/propara1 (1146 words)

	GEO_PLATE_KL-12.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Most investigators agree that the high lake levels are associated with cool climatic intervals in which the volume of precipitation and runoff exceeds the evaporation.
		The history of lake fluctuations is complex, especially when one considers that the last high lake episode would tend to either wipe out or modify features produced by preceding levels and that most of the lake deposits are very similar.
		Former lake shorelines are not the kind of geomorphic feature that readily shows up at the scale of Landsat imagery; however, careful examination of the Plate image reveals the hint of shorelines in the Traverse Mountains (A on index map) and in the McDowel Mountains (B), showing the vast extent of the Pleistocene lake.
	daac.gsfc.nasa.gov /geomorphology/GEO_7/GEO_PLATE_KL-12.HTML (828 words)

	TIMING OF PLUVIAL LAKE-FILLING EVENTS IN THE WESTERN GREAT BASIN
		According to the ruling paradigm for Lake Lahontan, OIS 2 lakes were about as large as the older lakes; higher shorelines of previous lake cycles, if recognized, were ascribed to effects of tectonics or stream capture.
		Combined field and geochronological studies in three basins demonstrate the presence of shoreline deposits associated with at least two or three lakes that were older and larger than the OIS 2 lakes.
		Geochronological results indicate that all three basins contain shorelines of lakes present between about 125 and 200 ka (correlative with OIS 6) that were significantly higher (+17 to +35 m) than the younger OIS 2 shorelines.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/inqu/finalprogram/abstract_53755.htm (489 words)

	University of Nevada, Reno :: Sundance Archaeological Research Fund (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Current research issues related to the Lake Parman assemblages include: (1) analyzing the lithic technological organization of the assemblages; and (2) identifying the territorial and/or subsistence ranges of the occupants of the sites through geochemical source provenance analysis (obsidian sourcing).
		Preliminary observations of the technological organization of the Lake Parman collections suggest that elements of curation, including multi-use tools and tool recycling, are present in the assemblages.
		The Lake Parman assemblages are primarily manufactured on obsidian, which originated from between approximately 5 km and 200 km away.
	www.unr.edu /cla/anthro/sundance/parman.asp (554 words)

	GEO_PLATE_E-13.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Figure E-13.3 is an oblique aerial photograph of a portion of the pluvial lake deposits in Searles Valley.
		Note the ancient lake strandlines in the foreground and the pluvial drainage patterns into the lake in the center of the figure.
		Searles Lake sediments are also visible in the foreground of Figure E-13.4.
	daac.gsfc.nasa.gov /geomorphology/GEO_8/GEO_PLATE_E-13.HTML (774 words)

	Pluvial Landscapes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Of the major pro- and paraglacial landscapes, only the Channeled Scablands of eastern Washington are more impressive than the shorelines of the pluvial lakes of the world - especially the American Basin and Range.
		Select a 1:100,000 map sheet (1 by 1/2 degree) in the part of western Utah occupied by pluvial Lake Bonneville.
		Look for evidence of erosional (termed the "shoreline angle", defined as the elevation of intersection of former lake bluffs and abrasion platforms) and depositional lakeshores (spits and bars, defined as the highest elevation along a feature).
	www.homepage.montana.edu /~geol445/labs/pluvial9.htm (272 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Ground Water at Yucca Mountain: How High Can It Rise? (1992)
		High stands of a pluvial lake largely reflect surface water runoff (Enzel et al., 1989), while spring discharge, or outflow, is affected by the amount of water entering the water table, known as aquifer recharge, chiefly from snowmelt in the high mountains.
		Increased recharge in the highlands of the Spring and Sheep Ranges should increase the hydrologic gradient, which is the pressure difference between recharge and discharge areas, resulting in a rapid increase in outflow through springs at the end of that gradient.
		Thus, there is a reason for the apparent correlation of major “pluvial” episodes evident in a comparison of the record of lake-level fluctuations from Searles Lake with Las Vegas Valley spring records (Figure 3.7).
	www.nap.edu /books/030904748X/html/75.html (802 words)

	References
		S., 1982, Geology of Pluvial Lake Chewaucan, Lake County, Oregon: Oregon State University Studies in Geology, 11, 78 p.
		N., 1980, Pluvial Lake Modoc, Klamath County, Oregon, and Modoc and Siskiyou Counties, California: Oregon Geology, v.
		E., 1922, Map of Pleistocene lakes of the Basin and Range Province and its significance: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.
	nwdata.geol.pdx.edu /Thesis/FullText/2000/Conaway/references.html (1111 words)

	Pluvial Lakes
		“Pluvials“ (high lake levels) were assumed to be roughly contemporaneous with “glacials.“
		History of Lake Level varies with climatic regime.
		Northern Great Basin: lakes full 14-15 ka, low by 11,500 yr B.P. moderate raise in the early Holocene and the early Neoglacial
	www.geo.arizona.edu /palynology/geos462/03pluvial.html (261 words)

	Pluvial lake - TheBestLinks.com - Evaporation, Glaciation, Nevada, Pleistocene, ...
		Pluvial lake - TheBestLinks.com - Evaporation, Glaciation, Nevada, Pleistocene,...
		Pluvial lake, Evaporation, Glaciation, Nevada, Pleistocene, Utah, United States...
		You can add this article to your own "watchlist" and receive e-mail notification about all changes in this page.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Pluvial_lake.html (130 words)

	PRELIMINARY RESEARCH ON THE RELATIVE AGE ESTIMATES OF SHORELINES ASSOCIATED WITH PLUVIAL LAKE MADELINE, LASSEN COUNTY, ...
		Shoreline remnants record the existence of pluvial Lake Madeline, an internally drained lake system within the southeastern Modoc Plateau region of California.
		At maximum lake levels this system covered ~777 km2, connecting what is now Grasshopper Valley, Dry Valley, and the Madeline Plains.
		Results demonstrate how soil development decreases with decreasing altitude, suggesting shorelines here are recessional features and that subsequent lake stands of pluvial Lake Madeline were lower than that obtained during deposition of the 1654 m shoreline.
	gsa.confex.com /gsa/2005CD/finalprogram/abstract_85834.htm (501 words)

	Abstract: Shiers, Eric M. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		During the late Quaternary freshwater pluvial lakes have periodically formed in what is now Willcox Playa.
		These studies have led to mixed interpretations about the number and timing of lake high stands as well as the climatic implications.
		This study should provide a detailed account of the Lake Level and corresponding vegetation of the Willcox region for the period of the Holocene through Late Pleistocene.
	www.geo.arizona.edu /geodaze/98/program/thursday/shiers.html (164 words)

	2001 NW Pacific Cell FOP Trip to Summer Lake, Oregon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This year's trip is to the subbasins of Pleistocene Lake Chewaucan in south-central Oregon.
		Also, because parking will be tight at many of the stops, please plan to consolidate into the minimum number of vehicles possible before leaving the starting point at the beginning of each day.
		Also, the town of Paisley, near where the Chewaucan River comes into the Chewaucan basins, is close to the stops for the second and third days of the trip.
	www.cs.csubak.edu /Geology/Faculty/Negrini/FOPDocs/NWFOP2001.html (1037 words)

	Date: Wed, 1 Sep 1999 22:03:31 -0700 (PDT)
		He volunteered this year’s trip, and will show us the end members of a carbonate soil chronosequence that were used to constrain the time of faulting along the Quinn River fault zone.
		David will present the upstream evidence for overflow from pluvial Lake Alvord and the potential source of the catastrophic flood evidence we will visit on Friday with Marith.
		Stop 2-1 is at a bar almost exactly 10 miles north of Fields (on a gravel bar related to the pluvial lake!).
	www.geology.cwu.edu /facstaff/meghan/alvord/final_flyer.html (1930 words)

	DEES Publications: Books and Book Chapters
		and J.C. Priscu, 2004: Polar lakes, streams and springs as analogs for the hydrologic cycle on Mars.
		in press: Perennial Antarctic Lake Ice: A refuge for Cyanobacteria in an Extreme Environment.
		Spillover point of pluvial Lake Beckwourth into the Lahontan Basin, railroad tunnel portal on east side of Beckwourth Pass: Friends of the Pleistocene Pacific Cell Field Trip Guidebook, p.
	www.dees.dri.edu /pubs-books.htm (812 words)

	Geosciences Student Publications
		Jarvis, Todd; and Huntoon, Peter, 2003, A stinking lake and perpetual pot holes: living with gypsite karst in Laramie, Wyoming, in Johnson, K. S.; and Neal, J. T., Evaporite karst and engineering/environmental problems in the United States: Oklahoma Geological Survey Circular 109, p.
		Breemer, C.W., Clark, P.U., and Haggerty, R., 2002, Subglacial hydrology of the late-Pleistocene Lake Michigan Lobe, Laurentide Ice Sheet: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v.
		Licciardi, J.M., 2001, Chronology of latest Pleistocene lake-level fluctuations in the pluvial Lake Chewaucan basin, Oregon, USA: Journal of Quaternary Science, v.16, p.
	www.geo.oregonstate.edu /research/stupubs.htm (2535 words)

	Publications
		Gath, E.M., 1984, An overview of glacial chronology for the Mammoth Lakes regions, eastern Sierra Nevada, California; in Payne, C.M., Ruff, R.W., and Gath, E.M. (eds.), Geology of the Long Valley, Mono Craters; Mammoth Lakes Area; South Coast Geological Society, Santa Ana, California, p.
		Gath, E.M., 1987, Quaternary lakes in the Owens River system; in Gath, E.M. and Others (eds.), Geology and Mineral Wealth of the Owens Valley Region, California; South Coast Geological Society, Santa Ana, California, p.
		Rymer, M.J., Seitz, G.G., Weaver, K.D., Orgil, A., Faneros, G., Hamilton, J.C., and Goetz, C., 2002, Geologic and Paleoseismic Study of the Lavic Lake Fault at Lavic Lake Playa, Mojave Desert, Southern California: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol.
	www.earthconsultants.com /body_p.html (9342 words)

	Curriculum Vitae Owen Kent Davis
		Davis, O.K. A late glacial pluvial maximum, the history of the Arizona monsoon, and the astronomical theory of climatic change.
		Davis, O.K. Pollen analysis of Wildcat Lake, Whitman County, Washington: The introduction of grazing.
		Davis, O.K. Pollen analysis of Wildcat Lake, Whitman County, Washington: The fungal spores.
	eqsun.geo.arizona.edu /palynology/vitae99.html (8679 words)

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