
	Where results make sense

Topic: Pockels effect

Related Topics

Kerr effect

Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels

Scientific phenomena named after people

Nonlinear optics

Hall effect

Stark effect

Josephson effect

Meissner effect

Peltier effect

Electric field

Casimir effect

Cherenkov effect

Birefringence

Refractive index

Dark Shadows

In the News (Sun 29 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Electro-optic effect - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The electro-optic effect is a change in the optical properties of a material in response to an electric field that varies slowly compared with the frequency of light.
		Pockels effect (or linear electro-optic effect): change in the refractive index linearly proportional to the electric field.
		Kerr effect (or quadratic electro-optic effect, QEO effect): change in the refractive index proportional to the square of the electric field.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electro-optic_effect (397 words)

	Pockels effect - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is distinguished from the Kerr effect by the fact that the birefringence is proportional to the electric field, whereas in the Kerr effect it is quadratic in the field.
		Pockels cells may be used to modulate the phase of a passing beam.
		If the Pockels cell is rotated 45° with respect to the polarization of the light, this leads to rotation of the polarization of a light beam by 90°.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pockels_effect (543 words)

	Inrad-Pockels Cells
		Pockels cells are characterized by fast response, since the Pockels Effect is largely an electronic effect that produces a linear change in refractive index when an electric field is applied, and they are much faster in response than devices based on acoustic changes in a material, for example.
		Pockels cell that dramatically decreases piezoelectric ringing and allows the Pockels cell to be used at higher repetition rates.
		KDP capacitive-type Pockels* cell with a 9.5 mm aperture and AR coated for 1064 nm.
	www.inrad.com /pages/pockelsc.html (752 words)

	Cleveland Crystals, Inc ELECTRO-OPTIC PROPERTIES of KDP, KD*P, DKDP
		The linear electro-optic effect may be regarded as a special case of second order (non-linear!) electric interaction in the crystal: The action of a low frequency applied field and the electric field of the optic-frequency electro-magnetic wave combine to cause electric polarization at the optic frequency.
		More than that, a part of the linear electro-optic effect may be regarded as secondary: The electric field causes a deformation of the crystal by the converse piezoelectric effect and this deformation in turn produces a change in the refractive indices through the elasto-optic effect.
		The effect of birefringence is reduced by one-half, and the maximum effective d coefficient now occurs for a beam at 45° to the optic axis.
	www.clevelandcrystals.com /KDP.htm (2690 words)

	Kerr effect - TheBestLinks.com - Laser, Modulation, Refractive index, Telecommunication, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is distinct from the Pockels effect in that the induced birefringence is directly proportional to the square of the electric field.
		The Kerr electro-optic effect is the case in which the external electric field is a slowly-varying field applied by, for instance, a voltage on some electrodes.
		The optical Kerr effect, or AC Kerr effect is the special case in which the external electric field is from light itself, such as that from a laser.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Kerr_effect.html (241 words)

	Electro-optical (Kerr, Pockels, and Faraday effect)
		Often used to create extremely high speed shutters, the Kerr effect is an anisotropic change in the index of refraction of a substance in response to an electric field.
		The problems with a Kerr Cell are: nitrobenzene is a volatile solvent which is remarkably toxic; the effect is proportional to the square of the E-field, which is no problem for a shutter application, but not as appropriate for a measurement application.
		The Pockels effect is similar to that of the Kerr effect, except that the change in index is linearly proportional to the electric field.
	home.earthlink.net /~jimlux/hv/eo.htm (728 words)

	Scientific phenomena named after people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Baskerville effect – the fictional Charles Baskerville of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles
		Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effect – Stanislav Mikheyev, Alexei Smirnov, and Lincoln Wolfenstein
		Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect – Rashid Sunyaev and Yakov Zel'dovich
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/scientific_phenomena_named_after_people (1699 words)

	Inrad-BBO Pockels Cells
		Electro-optic Pockels cells are used in applications that require fast switching of the polarization direction of a beam of light.
		The standard INRAD BBO Pockels cell, PBC05-DC04, is a single-crystal device with a 3.5 mm aperture and a quarter-wave voltage at 1064 nm of 4.8 kV.
		H.Nakatani, W.Bosenberg, L.K.Cheng, and C.L.Tang, Linear electro-optic effect in barium metaborate,
	www.inrad.com /pages/bbopc.html (699 words)

	V. Wirth
		effect) can be used as a sensitive tool for the study of structural phase transitions [1].
		effect describes the change in the refractive indices of a non-centrosymmetric crystal under an applied electric field.
		coefficients at different temperatures, the temperature dependence of the refractive indices, of the piezoelectric effect and the thermal expansion must be known.
	www.xray.cz /ecm/abstract/a/2/704.htm (399 words)

	Electro
		In general, the linear electro-optic effect changes the shape of the index ellipsoid of the anisotropic, uniaxial crystal and rotates the ellipsoid in space.
		The linear electro-optic effect produces a linear change in the refractive index as a function of electric field and the piezoelectric effect produces a linear geometric deformation as a function of electric field.
		The QEO effect is much smaller than the LEO effect, but for isotropic materials, it is the first non-zero nonlinear optical effect, and the largest source of nonlinearity.
	electron9.phys.utk.edu /optics507/modules/m8/electro.htm (980 words)

	Electrically and Magnetically Induced Optical Effects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The electro-optic effect is known as either a Pockels or Kerr effect depending on whether the induced change in refractive index is linear or quadratic respectively
		The magneto-optic effect, or Faraday Effect, is similar to the electro-optic effect except a magnetic field is used in place of an electric field.
		For modern electro-optic modulators, the Pockels, not Kerr, effect is used and the modulation speed is limited by the applied voltage, not the crystal.
	www.u.arizona.edu /~jacobe (838 words)

	Nonlinear Optics
		The Kerr effect is a third order effect, and it is sometimes referred to as the quadratic electro-optic effect.
		The linear electro-optic effect (LEO) or Pockels effect is a 2nd-order nonlinear effect.
		Pockels cells typically require 5 to 10 times lower voltages than equivalent Kerr cells.
	electron9.phys.utk.edu /optics421/modules/m8/nonlinear_optics.htm (874 words)

	LEOT Laser Tutorial - Course 4: Laser Electronics - Module 7: Electro-Optic and Acousto-Optic Devices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The electro-optic effect is a change in the index of refraction for certain crystals as a function of applied voltage.
		The electro-optic effect leads to the ability to control light beams in a variety of ways and is the basis of a number of applications, including light-beam modulators, Q-switches, and deflectors.
		Two types of electro-optic effect have been used: the Kerr electro-optic effect, which is shown by liquids such as nitrobenzene, and the Pockels electro-optic effect, shown by crystalline materials such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or lithium niobate.
	repairfaq.ece.drexel.edu /sam/CORD/leot/course04_mod07/mod04-07.html (7501 words)

	Optical sensor - Patent 5510703
		As the result, in a case where the magnetic field intensity to be measured is seemed to be lower than the boundary output, the magnetic field intensity is measured on the basis of the light output transmitted from the first magneto-optical element for low-magnetic field use.
		The electro-optical element has a Pockels effect with respect to the linear light having a wavelength of 740 to 890 nm, and in parallel to the magneto-optical element used in the optical sensor system for measuring magnetic field intensity or current intensity.
		The boundary level is determined on the basis of Faraday effect characteristics of both the Faraday element 15 for low-magnetic field use and the Faraday element 21 for high-magnetic field use.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5510703.html (6064 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Also, the electro-optic effect exhibited by a material can be of several different orders, depending on the material.
		A first order effect, called the Pockels effect, is liner in its response to increase in applied voltage.' A second order effect, called the Kerr effect, is quadratic in its response, thus a greater increase in effect can be produced relative to an increase in voltage.
		The electro-optic effect thus will cause a phase shift between the two components, as one is retarde in relation to the other.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/22266.990506&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (6374 words)

	CUOS Ultrafast Technology: Combination Electro-Thermal Probe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Pockels effect is employed within a gallium arsenide probe to measure electric fields, using the previously described optical-fiber-based electro-optic field-mapping system.
		Now, in addition, the effect of photon absorption that arises due to the presence of bandtail states in the semiconductor has been used to determine the temperature at the end of the probe.
		Measured and simulated data show that the effect is equivalent to a lumped shunt capacitance on the order of a few femtofarads.
	www.eecs.umich.edu /USL/UFT/ElectroThermalProbe.html (231 words)

	ScienceWeek
		In other materials, such as lithium niobate, modulation is typically achieved via the Pockels effect, which causes a linear change in a material's refractive index with an applied electric field.
		Instead, modulation in silicon is achieved through thermal mechanisms, which are relatively slow (typically kilohertz), or through the introduction of free carriers (electrons or their positively charged counterparts, holes), which in turn results in both absorption and a change in refractive index.
		This latter mechanism, known as the "free-carrier dispersion effect", is still also relatively slow, as it is associated with the physical movement of charge within the device.
	scienceweek.com /2004/sb040409-5.htm (1585 words)

	Polarization Optical Measuring Equipment
		It is to measure an optical property of Faraday effect or of Pockels effect by changing wavelength from visible to IR band, as magnetic field or electric field is applied for optical crystal of optical functional materials.
		By using Kerr effect, Faraday effect, M-H characteristic, Kerr rotation angle, Faraday rotation angle etc. of vertically magnetized amorphous magnetism is measured by tuning wavelength.
		High Magnetic Field Micro Kerr Effect Measuring Equipment BH-L920-DM Multi purpose measuring equipment, which is combined with polarization microscope (to enable magnetic domain observation) and MH loop (Micro Kerr loop) measuring unit (high magnetic field coil and Micro Kerr loop measuring optical unit).
	www.neoark.co.jp /Eng/e_laser/e_product/e_24.html (284 words)

	R A Fisher Associates/Course: Nonlinear Optics
		The Pockels Effect and its role in the modulation of optical signals will be presented first, showing how one of the simplest nonlinearities works.
		Furthermore, plane-wave Kerr propagation effects such as self-steepening, self-phase modulation, and dispersive self-phase modulation (including optical shocks, extralinear chirping, and optical solitons) will all be described.
		Note: As an alternative, the specialization to the Photorefractive effect is also available as a separate in-house course.
	www.rafisher.com /nlo.htm (901 words)

	Bienvenue sur le site du LMEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A giant linear electro-optics (Pockels) effect (up to 17 pm V-1) (for wavelength about 435 nm) in ZnO crystalline films doped with fluorine and deposited on bare glass has been found.
		For description of the observed phenomenon, a complex approach including self-consistent band structure calculations together with an appropriate molecular dynamics simulation of the interface structure was applied.
		The origin of the observed effect is caused by substantial non-centrosymmetric charge density distribution between the ZnO wurtzite-like crystalline films and the bare glass substrate, as well as by additional charge density polarisation caused by fluorine atoms.
	helios.univ-reims.fr /Labos/LMET/articles/article41.htm (196 words)

	Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology - electro-optic effect, Pockels effect
		The electro-optic effect is the modification of the refractive index of a medium, caused by an electric field.
		Only non-centrosymmetric crystal materials exhibit the linear electro-optic effect, also called Pockels effect, where the refractive index change is proportional to the electric field strength.
		The linear electro-optic effect is exploited in Pockels cells, which can be part of electro-optic modulators, and for electro-optic sampling.
	www.rp-photonics.com /electro_optic_effect.html (223 words)

	Definition: electro-optic effect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		electro-optic effect: Any one of a number of phenomena that occur when an electromagnetic wave in the optical spectrum interacts with an electric field, or with matter under the influence of an electric field.
		Note 1: Two of the most important electro-optic effects having application as modulation mechanisms in optical communication are the Kerr effect and the Pockels effect, in which birefringence is induced or modified in a liquid (Kerr effect) or solid (Pockels effect).
		This HTML version of Telecom Glossary 2K was last generated on Wed May 8 15:36:48 MDT 2002.
	www.its.bldrdoc.gov /projects/devglossary/_electro-optic_effect.html (107 words)

	Pockels effect: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		It is distinguished from the Kerr effect (The kerr effect or the quadratic electro-optic effect is a change in the refractive index of a material...)
		Photorefractive effect (The photorefractive effect is a nonlinear optical effect seen in certain crystals and other materials that respond...)
		Kerr effect (The kerr effect or the quadratic electro-optic effect is a change in the refractive index of a material...)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/pockels_effect (761 words)

	Nonlinear Optics
		Let r denote the displacement of the electron cloud due to the electric field; that is, the induced dipole moment is p=-er where e is the charge of the electron.
		The second order susceptibility coefficients are called Pockels coefficients, and the corresponding effect is called the Pockels or electro-optic effect.
		In particular, the Kerr effect is generally relevant or noticeable only in materials which exhibit special symmetries (called inversion symmetry) so the Pockels effect is identically 0.
	www.cooper.edu /engineering/projects/gateway/ee/solidmat/modlec3/node5.html (380 words)

	Q switch driver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Often the strain will produce bifringence within the cell that counteracts the bifringence being induced by the pockels effect.
		In pulsed systems this effect is simply overcome by increasing the amplitude of the applied pulse to greater than that required for DC induced retardation.
		For example for simple piezzo electric effect compensation the output could be set at -2kV DC and then switched up by 2.5kV to 0.5kV.
	www.kentech.co.uk /Q_switch_driver_2.html (286 words)

	Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology - Pockels effect, electro-optic effect
		The Pockels effect (first described in 1906 by the German physicist Friedrich Pockels) is the linear electro-optic effect, where the refractive index of a medium is modified in proportion to the applied electric field strength.
		It is exploited in Pockels cells, which can be part of electro-optic modulators.
		Mathematically, the Pockels effect is described via the caused deformation of the index ellipsoid, which is defined by
	www.rp-photonics.com /pockels_effect.html (277 words)

	Cornell nanophotonics: Controlling light with light
		The thermo-optic effect, originated from silicon’s large thermo-optic coefficient ∂n/∂T = 1.86.
		For fast mechanisms, the most promising mechanism in silicon is the plasma dispersion effect, by which the presence of free carriers alter the optical properties of silicon (both absorption and index of refraction):
		the plasma dispersion effect by using a strong light confining structure.
	people.ece.cornell.edu /lipson/nature/tuning.htm (201 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)