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Topic: Police in France

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	ERCESOQR - Police Ethics in France: Twenty years after
		A breakdown of the major police union federation which was left of center and partly responsible for the introduction of the code of ethics resulted in a weakening of police unions in general and a shift towards the right of those remaining.
		None the less police culture does exist and is governed by a set of rules which this author considers to be fairly universal, based on over twenty years of work within the police in France but also with other police services, both in the field and in the academic arena.
		The minister of the Interior (in charge of police) was happy to have a more responsible police, the police unions were happy with new relations with their hierarchy and the public was reassured to have a police respectful of law and the interests of citizens.
	www.erces.com /journal/articles/archives/volume2/v02/v05.htm (5598 words)

	AP Wire \| 10/29/2006 \| France sends riot police to Marseille
		French police braced for violence this weekend, the anniversary of last year's riots in poor neighborhoods where immigrants from former French colonies in Africa live with their French-born children on the fringes of society.
		For the anniversary of the teens' deaths, national police said about 4,000 extra police and riot officers were deployed across the country to cope with a possible resurgence of violence.
		France's trouble integrating minorities and the unrest in poor neighborhoods have become political priorities in the campaign for next year's presidential and parliamentary elections.
	www.twincities.com /mld/twincities/news/15874877.htm (452 words)

	CNN.com - Fiery riots spread beyond Paris - Nov 4, 2005
		However, police reported seeing fewer large groups of youths rioting, and "contrary to the previous nights, there were fewer direct clashes with the forces of order," AP quoted Cordet as saying.
		Officials have said police were not chasing the boys, and the Interior Ministry has released a preliminary report exonerating officers of any direct role in the deaths, according to AP.
		A police union official has proposed establishing a curfew and bringing in the military to help handle the rioting, while some members of the opposition Socialist Party have suggested the police should withdraw from the communities to quell the unrest.
	www.cnn.com /2005/WORLD/europe/11/04/france.riots/index.html (1002 words)

	CNN.com - Captured ETA suspect escapes - Dec. 22, 2002
		Police in France are hunting a suspected senior member of the Basque separatist group ETA after he escaped from custody.
		As an investigation was opened into the circumstances of his escape from the modern police station in the centre of Bayonne, it was announced that five police officers have been suspended from duty.
		French police also seized a large quantity of arms and explosives in the raids, which came two days after Spanish police detained two suspected ETA members whose car was packed with more than 220 pounds of explosives.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/europe/12/22/france.escape/index.html (501 words)

	France: 200 riot police invade Paris estate \| libcom.org
		Police have made 9 arrests in the Tarterets estate after two cops were ambushed and badly beaten there last week.
		The police are widely hated by France’s urban poor for their brutal and often racist repression – they tend to beat banlieu (suburb) kids rather than arrest them.
		In the ambush, a police car was hit with a volley of rocks, and when the driver went to investigate he was ambushed and badly beaten, as was the other cop with him who came to his aid.
	libcom.org /news/france-200-riot-police-invade-paris-estate-25092006 (301 words)

	Police in France looking at 40,000 Fiats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The police acted after investigators determined that a scratch on the left side of the Mercedes bore a white paint scratch and a fl fender mark that could have come from a Fiat Uno.
		So, according to lawyers and others close to the case, the police have been looking for the Fiat themselves, concentrating first on cars registered in western suburbs of Paris where it might have been headed home at the time of the accident, after midnight early that Sunday.
		Both their Fiats were other colors than white, but the police said the white paint scratch on the princess' car could have come from an undercoat.
	www.chron.com /content/chronicle/world/97/11/06/francediana.html (541 words)

	For police on front line, a tough, and scary, task - Europe - International Herald Tribune
		Meanwhile, a deep and broad dislike of the police in France appears to have amplified the current crisis, feeding on allegations of unprofessionalism, racism and a lack of ethnic diversity.
		While the riot police of the CRS are well-trained and operate in a strict hierarchical structure, local police officers in the impoverished suburbs ringing France's big cities often lack experience and supervision, according to the National Commission on Ethics in the Security Services.
		Excluding the CRS, 95 percent of French police officers come from outside of Paris and are neither used to the problems of the capital's rundown suburbs nor familiar with the language and codes of behavior, she said.
	www.iht.com /articles/2005/11/07/news/police.php (1206 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| France to probe police 'torture'
		The former director of police at the time of the alleged abuse said he was shocked and denied the use of torture.
		The former police officers, who are not named in the book, say they took part in some of the abuse of terror suspects in custody in Paris and the south-eastern city of Lyon.
		The head of the national police force at the time, Claude Gueant, said he was astonished by the claims in the book, written by three journalists from the news magazine Le Point.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/4709076.stm (433 words)

	Pave France - The British Need More Parking
		Police brutality is rarely punished in France and the government has failed so utterly to tackle law enforcement abuses that officers benefit from an "effective impunity", Amnesty International said in a damning report released yesterday.
		In one typical case Virginie Houset, the widow of Sydney Manoka Nzeza, a young amateur boxer of Zairian origin who died of suffocation in police custody, said only two of the six policemen involved in her husband's arrest were convicted, both of manslaughter, and sentenced to suspended seven-month sentences.
		The report, France: The Search for Justice, details "ill-treatment" and shootings to death, though nothing here on a par with the nonfatal horrors of Abu Ghraib, horrors reported by the American military and taken up by the world press as the root cause of terrorism, of evil itself.
	www.pavefrance.com /blog/archives/001008.html (807 words)

	USATODAY.com - French police say riots near end; cars, 2 schools torched (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		PARIS (AP) — France's national police chief said Sunday that the country's worst rioting since the 1960s seemed to be nearing an end, but violence persisted into the night, with at least two schools set on fire and dozens of cars torched.
		In northern France, arsonists set fire to a sports center in the suburb of Faches-Thumesnil and a school in the town of Halluin.
		France's worst unrest since the 1968 student-worker protests is forcing the country to confront anger that has built for decades over racial discrimination, crowded housing and unemployment.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/2005-11-13-france-riots_x.htm?csp=34 (703 words)

	Law enforcement in France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Since 1941, the division of the zones of activity between the Police and the Gendarmerie was that cities with more than 10,000 inhabitants were handled by the Police, and the remaining ones by the Gendarmerie.
		Both the Police and the Gendarmerie have riot control forces: the CRS for the Police, the gendarmerie mobile for the Gendarmerie (which are often mistaken for the former).
		The police administrative comprises a variety of actions undertaken under the direction and supervision of the executive branch, notably the prefect, police and gendarmerie forces conduct a variety of actions ensuring public order.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Police_in_France (1697 words)

	USATODAY.com - French police take 2 years to uncover time of death (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		BREST, France (AFP) — French police who spent two years trying to identify a woman who was murdered by a blow to the head were relieved to discover the reason their efforts were failing: the woman died half a millennium ago.
		The skeleton of a woman in her 30s was found during an exceptionally low tide in December 2003 near the seaside Brittany town of Plouezoc'h.
		A long gash in the skull convinced investigators she was killed with a hatchet or other sharp implement.
	www.usatoday.com /news/offbeat/2006-01-25-francemurder_x.htm (234 words)

	Police Storm Sorbonne to Dislodge Students
		PARIS -- Police stormed France's famed Sorbonne University early Saturday to dislodge students occupying the building in protest of a new national employment measure, hours after the demonstrators hurled furniture and ladders from the landmark's windows.
		The mass occupation followed confrontations between protesters and police ringing the building, which was forced to close.
		Police entered the main building of the Sorbonne from a back door, moved into a room facing the courtyard, chasing students out.
	www.prisonplanet.com /articles/march2006/110306_b_Sorbonne.htm (539 words)

	CNN.com - French riot police 'beat youths' - Nov 10, 2005
		De Villepin said the rioting was the result of France's failure to provide hope to thousands of youths, most French citizens and the children of Muslim immigrants from northern Africa.
		Although France's national unemployment rate is about 10 percent, in areas hit by rioting the level is nearer 40 percent.
		France has no affirmative action; an official French study found that youths with Arab-sounding names have their job applications rejected up to five times as often as those with traditional French names.
	edition.cnn.com /2005/WORLD/europe/11/10/france.riots/index.html (1092 words)

	Telegraph \| News \| Muslims are waging civil war against us, claims police union
		Radical Muslims in France's housing estates are waging an undeclared "intifada" against the police, with violent clashes injuring an average of 14 officers each day.
		As the interior ministry said that nearly 2,500 officers had been wounded this year, a police union declared that its members were "in a state of civil war" with Muslims in the most depressed "banlieue" estates which are heavily populated by unemployed youths of north African origin.
		Michel Thoomis, the secretary general of the hardline Action Police trade union, has written to Mr Sarkozy warning of an "intifada" on the estates and demanding that officers be given armoured cars in the most dangerous areas.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/10/05/wmuslims05.xml (600 words)

	February 2002 Newsletter - Americans in France
		Police are also not on the 35 workweek.
		Police anger over working conditions led to the unthinkable, police taking to the streets in protest.
		In France after the first round of voting, if no candidate receives more than fifty percent of the popular vote, then there is a second round with the top two candidates.
	www.americansinfrance.net /Newsletter/Letter_Feb_2002.cfm (787 words)

	Central Directorate Judicial Police - Direction Centrale Police Judiciaire (DCPJ) - French Intelligence Agencies
		The interior security of France is the responsiblity of two major forces: the national police force (which is governed by civil statute) which is under the supervision of the Ministry for the Interior, and the national gendarmerie (military police under the supervision of the Ministry for Defense).
		Sub-Directorate of Police Technique and Science is responsible for implementation of identity techniques, managing the large operating Police files (automated fingerprint file, criminal process information, and searched person files), to process for broadcast of research results and for coordinating the management of the five scientific Police laboratories installed in Paris, Lille, Lyon, Marseilles and Toulouse.
		A regional Directorate of the Judicial Police (DRPJ) in Paris With 3.400 officials, it is competent in Paris intra-muros and in the three adjacent departments.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/france/interieur/dcpj (692 words)

	Police look into France's wreck - Roanoke.com
		France crashed into a tree after entering a parking lot near his condominium.
		France told police he spilled a drink in his car and that he "bumped into something.'' Police did not give France a field sobriety test because there was no probable cause, according to the News-Journal's story.
		"France said a Coke he was holding spilled into his lap as he was driving into his condo complex, momentarily diverting his attention from the road."
	www.roanoke.com /sports/racing/wb/91039 (375 words)

	EgyptElection.com - France assigns police to guard buses
		France's interior minister pledged Thursday to deploy police in buses serving some Paris suburbs, after rampaging youths seized three buses in immigrant neighborhoods and burned them after forcing passengers to leave.
		The attacks, and recent ambushes on police, have raised concern about the changing character of the violence, which appears more premeditated than last year's spontaneous outcry and no longer restricted to the housing projects.
		France's inability to better integrate minorities and recent violence are becoming major political issues as the campaign heats up for next year's presidential and parliamentary elections.
	egyptelection.com /content/view/665/31 (692 words)

	ABC News: France Deploys Police Amid National Strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Students and workers demonstrate in Marseille, southern France, protesting during a nationwide one-day demonstration against the "First Job Contract", a jobs plan known as CPE, Tuesday, March 28, 2006.
		In the largest rollout of forces since unrest connected with such protests first erupted more than two weeks ago, some 4,000 police were deployed and patrols were stepped up at train and subway stations, officials said.
		France's top five labor union federations balked at an invitation from Villepin to meet Wednesday over the jobs plan, insisting that he shelve it before they will agree to talks.
	abcnews.go.com /International/wireStory?id=1775807 (469 words)

	BakuTODAY.net - France Anti-Terrorism Police Arrest Suspects
		French police have arrested four more Muslim militants who, according to the French Interior Ministry, were planning a terrorist attack on the Russian embassy in Paris.
		The four men were arrested in a raid by antiterrorism police on apartments in the Paris suburbs.
		The police say all eight were part of the same cell.
	www.bakutoday.net /view.php?d=1553 (390 words)

	France Hotels, Paris Hotels and the France Travel Guide - France.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		France, which was supposed to be soccer’s over-the-hill gang, meets Italy at Berlin in a matchup of blue—France’s Les Bleus vs the Italian Azzurri.
		-- France is awaiting a ruling by its top constitutional body on the legality of a highly controversial youth employment law which has sparked weeks of protest.
		Much of the honor and romance, however, was earned in principled stands against a colonialist war or in solidarity with the wretched of the earth...
	www.france.com /articles/display.cfm?ID=2 (748 words)

	IRR: France Policing and criminal justice system (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The recent uprisings across France in October and November 2005 saw anger on unprecedented levels among the residents of the deprived banlieues (suburban ghettoes) on the outskirts of towns and cities, where many of France's ethnic minorities live.
		According to a report from the Citoyens Justice Police (which includes LDH, MRAP and the lawyers' and magistrates' unions) the vast majority of victims of police violence would appear to be foreigners.
		On 24 November 2003, a French woman of North African origin was, at the express request of the minister of justice, replaced as a member of the jury of the court of assize of Seine-Saint Denis (Bobigny, Paris) because she wore an Islamic headscarf.
	www.irr.org.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /europebulletin/france/policing_criminal_justice_system/index.html (725 words)

	Anti-Frankenfoods Protesters Clash with Police in France
		Anti-GM militants clash with police in SW France
		police on Sunday during a protest in southwestern France and 10 people were
		Two police and two demonstrators were injured, according to police.
	www.organicconsumers.org /ge/france090704.cfm (501 words)

	Police Systems Outcome 3 (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		France was readily described as a ‘police state’ (Chapman 1970), and It is generally accepted by most commentators that the public administration and policing systems are closely interwoven.
		Uniformed police were introduced to Paris and Napoleon III, with experience of the emerging Metropolitan Police Force in London, emphasised their preventive function and instigated a series of reforms which led to the Paris patrol system being modelled on the of London (Stead 1983).
		During the German occupation in 1941, the Police Nationale was formed by the Vichy Government and was responsible for the policing of all towns with a population greater than 10,000.
	floti.bell.ac.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /policesystems/frmain03.htm (10425 words)

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