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Topic: Polish Air Forces

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	uboat.net - Fighting the U-boats - Aircraft - Polish Air Forces
		The squadron was a squadron of the Polish Air Force rather than a RAF squadron which it operated with.
		The Polish crew had a successful attack as 3 depth charges found the U-boat, which was turned on the left and later submerged.
		Crew of Leslaw Miedzybrocki after 6 hrs in the air at 3:15 with a Leigh Light found a U-boat and quickly a second U-boat on the surface.
	uboat.net /allies/aircraft/polish.htm (1320 words)

	Polish Armed Forces - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Polish Armed Forces consist of the Army (Wojsko Lądowe), Navy (Marynarka Wojenna) and Air Force (Siły Powietrzne) branches and are under the command of the Ministry of Defense (Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej).
		Polish Armed Forces took part in the 2003 invasion of Iraq, deploying 2,500 soldiers in the south of that country and commanding the 17-nation Multinational force in Iraq.
		Polish military forces are the origin of the two-fingers salute.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Polish_Armed_Forces (753 words)

	Polish Air Forces in France and Great Britain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The core of the Polish air units fighting alongside the allies were experienced veterans of Polish September Campaign of 1939 and they largely contributed to Allied victory in the Battle of Britain and most World War II air operations.
		After the joint Nazi-Soviet victory in the Polish September Campaign of 1939, a large part of both the flying personnel and technicians of the Polish Airforce were evacuated to Romania and Hungary, from where hundreds of them found their way to France.
		On June 11, 1940, a preliminary agreement was signed by the Polish and British governments and soon the British authorities finally allowed for creation of two bomber squadrons and a training centre as part of the Royal Air Force.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Polish_Air_Forces_in_Great_Britain (1089 words)

	The Fall of France, 1939 - 1940
		The principal air doctrine in Germany in the inter-war years was the premise that air forces should be used to clear the way for the army against specific military targets on the front (Overy 11).
		Although with foresight seen little else in the Polish military during the campaign the Polish bombers were hidden away from the Luftwaffe which ravaged virtually every air base within the first forty-eight hours of the war, these did little to help the beleaguered Polish army.
		Air Chief Marshall Hugh Dowding, however, limited the number of Hurricanes and Spitfires which would participate in the defense, mostly because he knew that the fall of the French was inevitable and he would need the fighters for a defense of the homeland (Barker
	www.stanford.edu /~e2wu/histday/france.htm (1093 words)

	Polish Air Force
		In 1938 the air force became independent of the army, but remained a defensive force principally dedicated to army support.
		During 1942 Polish units were also formed within the Soviet Air Force and these operated in support of units liberating Poland.
		In 1990 the air force and the air defence force were merged into a single force.
	www.aeroflight.co.uk /waf/poland/polaf2.htm (623 words)

	Poland in Exile - Glossary
		Polish airborne troops went in too late and like the paras were cut to bits.
		Polish Air Force fighting in exile in a number of theatres of war, not based in Russia.
		In the Polish Air Force 2 planes were in usually in each Section.
	www.polandinexile.com /glossary.htm (312 words)

	AllRefer.com - Poland - Air and Air Defense Forces \| Polish Information Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		AllRefer.com - Poland - Air and Air Defense Forces
		In 1992 a high military priority was establishing an air defense system based on existing assets of the air and air defense forces.
		Air combat forces were divided into eight regiments equipped with 221 MiG-21/U fighters, whose equivalents were long ago withdrawn from service in the West, thirty-seven more advanced variable wing-geometry MiG-23MF fighters, and nine MiG29 fighters, top-of-the-line Soviet aircraft whose delivery was curtailed in late 1990.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/poland/poland259.html (469 words)

	Tad Taylor ( Tadeusz Kuniewski )
		In the year 1939 I was an officer cadet in the military college for the reserve of the Polish Air Force in Sadkow near Radom in central Poland.
		Polish airplane PZL P23 Karas that distinguished itself in the battles of 1939.
		Polish liaison officers who arrived from Great Britain were equally puzzled and kept raising the point with the Soviets who were giving evasive answers.
	gardensafari.net /hania/tad (13552 words)

	The On Guard - Newspaper of the Army and Air National Guard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Polish and American pilots walk out to the parking area where F-16 Fighting Falcon of the 149th Fighter Wing, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, sit alongside Polish MIG-29 Fulcrums at Lask Air Base, Poland, Sept. 14, 2004.
		Texas Air National Guard members were in Poland to familiarize members of the Polish Air Force with the F-16 capabilities.
		Thirty-six Polish air force pilots converged on Lask to participate in the familiarization event.
	www.ngb.army.mil /onguard/common/print.asp?aid=1395 (1311 words)

	NATO Resists Pressures to Militarise Central Europe
		In a classified Polish 15-year plan for modernisation of the armed forces dated September 1997, the same project is described as procurement of 80 fighters during the next ten years and an additional 70 by 2012.
		Former Polish Deputy Minister of Defence Andrzej Karkoszka said that it should, "be stressed that the three national armed forces had to be modernised and reorganised anyhow, [regardless] of their future international bonds.
		The stationing of allied forces within these zones as an element in crisis management is preconditioned on the existence of head room between actual national holdings and the CFE ceilings.
	www.basicint.org /pubs/Papers/BP28.htm (9763 words)

	Text collection
		In Russia in 1917 a Polish nobleman, Felix Dzerzhinskiy, established a blood-stained organisation; this was the Cheka, the forerunner of the GPU, NKVD, MGB, and KGB.
		In 1939, for instance, forty air regiments (1,640 combat aircraft) were transferred from the strength of the Air Forces to that of the ADF, for both administrative and combat purposes.
		The Air Forces require different qualities from their fighter aircraft, which are lighter, since they have to operate in constantly changing situations, and from their pilots, who have to work unassisted, locating and attacking their targets for themselves.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Forum/5344/AntiSoviet/suvorov_army.html (22520 words)

	"Task One": Airbase Survivability/Recoverability Assessment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Despite the need for air bases ashore and their supporting infrastructures to support air operations during hostilities, air power operations will still remain a formidable offensive asset and threat.
		Air defense consists of the antiair detection system and a limited number of Hawk batteries that are positioned around the airbase.
		Pre-attack Assessment The mission of restoring air bases to their required operational capability after an enemy attack is critical in order to provide vital tactical air and logistical support.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1989/JDL.htm (4275 words)

	Records from the Central Military Archives in Warsaw (European Reading Room, Library of Congress)
		In connection with a project sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense, the Library of Congress is receiving microfilm of declassified records from the Central Military Archives (Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe, CAW) in Warsaw covering the early years of the Cold War, primarily 1945-50.
		Polish Attache at the Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Washington/ Affairs of the Foreign Military Section.
		The armed forces in the social and political life of the country.
	www.loc.gov /rr/european/archiwum.html (2604 words)

	Small Air Forces Discussion Group
		The aim of the discussion group is to share information about Small Air Forces, their aircraft and how to represent them in model form.
		The "Small Air Forces Discussion Group" is devoted to the air forces of the smaller countries and to modelling their aircraft.
		All opinions expressed in this discussion group are exclusively of the authors of the articles, and not of the Small Air Forces Observer, the Small Air Forces Clearing House and /or the Webmaster.
	disc.server.com /Indices/69307.html (788 words)

	[No title]
		Forced administrators published a report on the allegations last week that concluded some $107 million was embezzled from the bank.
		According to intelligence sources, Hekmatyar's forces have recently acquired artillery, machine guns, grenades, and vehicles, and it is believed they are preparing for a series of attacks on U.S. troops in eastern Afghanistan and members of the ISAF in Kabul.
		Talabani stated that the PUK considers Turkish forces "a friendly army," but he stressed that any foreign forces in Iraq should leave the country once the present regime is deposed and a democratic coalition government is formed.
	www.hri.org /news/balkans/rferl/2002/02-12-27.rferl (11809 words)

	First Shots
		Only the units of the 1st Warsaw Air Regiment (Sq No: III/1 and IV/1) were bound to the Brygada Poscigowa (Pursuit Brigade) with the assigned task of the defense of the Polish capital.
		The first Polish pilot to engage the enemy formation was from the section led by Lieutenant (Lt.) Aleksander Gabszewicz, the tactical officer of IV/1 Squadron.
		The German pilot was forced to retire from the scene.
	lonestar.texas.net /~snolep/fighter/index01.htm (1075 words)

	Poland in Exile - Blackpool 1940
		After Dunkirk, Blackpool became the depot for Polish aircrew prior to being despatched to stations or depots for training or operations.
		New arrivals were sent to the Goodwood Hotel in Hornby Road for debriefing and registration prior to unit assignment and despatch.
		In the aftermath of Dunkirk forces were left short of equipment and in a pretty poor shape.
	www.polandinexile.com /blackpool.htm (226 words)

	52d Fighter Wing :: Spangdahlem, Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		With this changeover, the 52 TFW secured a place in Air Force history by becoming the first wing to successfully employ two completely different fighters in a hunter/killer role within each of its tactical fighter squadrons.
		The Air Force Association also recognized the wing’s distinctive accomplishments in the Gulf War by awarding the 52 TFW its Citation of Honor—the only such Air Force unit to receive this coveted accolade.
		As part of a massive Air Force restructuring effort, the 52 TFW became the 52d Fighter Wing in October 1991 and converted to an objective wing organizational structure in March 1992.
	www.spangdahlem.af.mil /52FW/history2.asp (1448 words)

	Republic of Poland since1990
		Conferred in a single grade on all members of the Ground Forces, irrespective their rank, for at least 6 months of meritorious service with a unit engaged in military operations against an enemy, or a year service with another unit.
		Conferred in a single grade on all members of the Polish Air Forces, irrespective their rank, for at least 6 months of meritorious service with a unit engaged in military operations against an enemy, or a year service with another unit.
		The "anchor" is encircled by a laurel wreath and depicted on a brick wall in the background, as it was often drawn on the wall in the occupied country.
	www.medals.lava.pl /pl/pl4b.htm (1580 words)

	Land forces of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The land forces are entirely motorized, and they widely use modern techniques of combat operations and various forms of co-operation with air forces.
		All arms and services which are included in the land forces i.e.
		The reforms are also based on the conclusions drawn from contemporary military conflicts, on the achievements of modern military studies and on proven experiences of other armed forces, mainly of our NATO allies.
	www.poland-embassy.si /eng/politics/land.htm (178 words)

	German Invasion of Poland - September 1939
		Page devpted primarily to the air war during the September '39 campaing and the Polish and German Air Forces.
		The first half is devoted to the events of 1939 in Poland, the rest to the contributions of the Polish Armed forces to the Allied war effort in the period 1940-45
		Discussion of the Polish Army, its Strategic and Operational Doctrine prior to the conflict, its history in the interwar period and a map showing the situation on September 9, 1939
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /web/history/WWII/1939/link.shtml (324 words)

	Blitzkrieg or Bewegungskrieg
		The Versailles Treaty, which Germany was forced to sign to prevent occupation of her territories, dictated that Germany could have neither tanks nor an air force.
		Most of the Polish armour was allocated in company or battalion strength to higher formations, but one all-arms mechanized formation, the 10th Cavalry Brigade, had been set up in 1039 with offensive operations in mind.
		The principal strength of the army lay in its thirty infantry divisions, adequately equipped with field and anti-tank artillery and numerous anti-tank rifles, and in its eleven mounted cavalry brigades.
	www.panzerworld.net /blitzkrieg.html (9232 words)

	MILAVIA - Military Aviation - Aircraft, Air Show, Air Force, Fighter, Bomber
		Directory of the world's air forces as well as naval and army aviation.
		Air Force reports with squadron, airbase, inventory and other information presented with lots of illustrations.
		Discuss aviation news, aircraft, air forces and airshows.
	www.milavia.net (850 words)

	FLUG REVUE update: Week ending 4 November 2007
		The ground station of the German Armed Forces in Gelsdorf is tracking the satellite at the same time and will assume operative responsibility for it in around four weeks at which point in time the radar will start collecting SAR radar images.
		This contract with the Polish Air Force confirms again the suitability and efficacy of the C-295 and corroborates its leadership as a medium weight tactical military transport aircraft.
		This decision was made on the grounds that the Hawk Mk 128 did not meet the precise training requirements of the UAE Air Force.
	www.flug-revue.rotor.com /FRweek1.htm (4532 words)

	Global Beat: NATO Resists Pressures To Militarise Central Europe
		Linking the postponements to the increasingly certain prospects for NATO membership, a former Polish official noted that, "If we ever had received a no, new fighters would have been ordered the day after".8 This explanation has been echoed by other sources in new member nations.
		In all three countries, the air force inventory of fighters are far below the ceilings agreed in the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty in 1990.
		Air Defence: Needs in this area are broad, from new radar to missiles to operations centres with computers.
	www.bu.edu /globalbeat/nato/basic0798.html (7169 words)

	The On Guard - October 2004 - Newspaper of the Army and Air National Guard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The most obvious difference they noticed was that U.S. noncommissioned officers could take initiative and make decisions that the Polish reserve for their officers.
		Some of the specialties represented by the 149th Fighter Wing included logistics, operations, security forces, safety, avionics, electrical systems, life support, egress, munitions, weapons, flightline maintenance, arresting barrier operation, aviation ground equipment, fuels, hydraulics, supply and technical support.
		On the first night, the Poles offered their guests some of their traditional fare; on the second night, the Texans offered their hosts a taste of Tex-Mex cuisine.
	www.ngb.army.mil /onguard/33/10/article.asp?aid=1395 (1399 words)

	Embassy of the Republic of Poland in Washington, D.C. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Warsaw, Aug. 21: A monument to Polish pilots fallen in the years 1939-45 will be unveiled in the Jozef Pilsudski Park in Warsaw next week, the Defence Ministry reported.
		The idea to erect the memorial originated among the Polish Armed Forces ex-combatants, and was supported by the Polish Airforce Association in Great Britain.
		The monument will be erected at the site of the pre-war Airfield Mokotow and its unveiling will mark the 85th anniversary of the Polish Air Forces and the World Congress of Polish Pilots.
	www.polandembassy.org /News/Biuletyny_news/p2003-08-21.htm (976 words)

	New Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Rare RAF (Royal Air Forces) Officers Pilots overcoat.
		Large size, approx Us size 42/44 regular, worn by Polish exile air force flight lieutenant.
		Item is unique, as it was the only piece of clothing worn by RAF aircrewmen that had rank on shoulders vs the sleeves, and, being the property of a recently deceased RAF Polish exile forces pilot.
	www.epier.com /iq.asp?1136981 (105 words)

	U.S. and Polish Air Forces Co-host 2007 Poland Game Seminar (11 July 2007) - U.S. Diplomatic Mission to Warsaw, Poland
		General (Ret.) John P. Jumper, former Chief of Staff of the USAF, served as the seminar's senior mentor and Dr. Sam Gardner, United States National War College, served as lead facilitator.
		The objectives of "Unified Engagement" are to explore future challenges and possibile joint warfighting concepts to counter them; stimulate thinking about the demands and benefits of future combined operations; and develop and strengthen the relationships and cooperation between current and future regional air leaders.
		External links to other Internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views or privacy policies contained therein.
	poland.usembassy.gov /events_2007/u.s.-and-polish-air-forces-co-host-2007-poland-game-seminar-11-july-2007 (174 words)

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