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Topic: Polish Defence War

Related Topics

Battle of Modlin

Romanian Bridgehead

Polish September Campaign

Polish contribution to World War II

Polish war myths

Armoured train

Battle of France

Katyn Massacre

Convoy

Balkans Campaign

Myths from Polish history

Garry Kasparov

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Battle of Modlin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		During the Polish September Campaign at the beginning of the Second World War, Modlin Fortress was a headquarters of the Modlin Army until it retreated eastwards.
		Battle of Wizna Conflict Polish Defence War of 1939 Date September 7-September 10, 1939 Place Wizna near Poland Result unconcluded Battle of Wizna (sometimes referred to as the Polish Thermopylae) was fought between September 6 and September 10, 1939, between the forces of Poland and Germany during the initial...
		Battle of Warsaw Conflict Polish Defence War of 1939 Date 8 to September 28, 1939 Place Warsaw, Poland Result Polish defeat The 1939 Battle of Warsaw was fought between the Polish Warsaw Army (Armia Warszawa) garrisoned and entrenched in the capital of Poland (Warsaw) and the German Army.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Battle-of-Modlin (1274 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Invasion of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Polish September Campaign or Defensive War of 1939 (Polish: Wojna obronna 1939 roku) was the conquest of Poland by the armies of Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small contingent of Slovak forces during the Second World War.
		War ensign of the Polish Navy Flag of the Polish Navy Jack of the Polish Navy The Polish Navy (Polska Marynarka Wojenna, PMW) is the Navy of Poland.
		Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze, German: Pommern and Pommerellen, Pomeranian (Kashubian): Pòmòrze and Pòmòrskô, Latin: Pomerania, Pomorania) is a geographical and historical region in northern Poland and Germany on the south coasts of the Baltic Sea between and on both sides of the Vistula and Oder (Odra) rivers, reaching the Reknitz river...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Invasion-of-Poland (10399 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Warsaw's Royal Castle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Royal Castle in Warsaw (Polish Zamek Królewski), is the royal palace and official residence of the Polish monarchs, in Warsaw.
		Until the World War II the palace was the seat of the Polish president.
		The Royal Castle (Polish Zamek Królewski) in Warsaw is the royal palace and official residence of the Polish monarchs.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Warsaw%27s-Royal-Castle (745 words)

	Polish defence minister travels to Iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Polish Defence Minister Jerzy Szmajdzinski left overnight for Iraq on a mission to assess the political and military situation in the southern zone under Polish command, his office said on Sunday.
		The defence minister announced that he would travel to Iraq to see the situation for himself after a car bomb attack on Saturday in southern Iraq left one Polish soldier dead and six wounded.
		Polish troops have come under repeated attack in the past week, with a total of three soldiers killed and more than a dozen wounded.
	www.spacewar.com /2004/040822101159.b83prsil.html (165 words)

	Jane's World Armies profile: Iran - Jane's Defence News
		Despite the impressive number of personnel, Iran's armed forces are not equipped with the latest technology and their performance in another major conflict is difficult to predict.
		The scale of Iran's rearmament programme - launched after its effective defeat in the 1980-1988 war with Iraq when in the final phase of the conflict it lost 40 to 60 per cent of its armour and artillery - has often been exaggerated.
		The acquisition of new Chinese, Polish and Ukrainian main battle tanks has allowed for this expansion of the armoured forces.
	www.janes.com /defence/news/jwar/jwar060829_1_n.shtml (489 words)

	Edward Rydz-Smigly - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In 1912 Rydz was one of the founders of the Polish paramilitary organisation Riflemen's Association (Związek Strzelecki).
		After the 1919-21 war he was appointed the Inspector-General of the Polish Army in the Vilna district and later in Warsaw.
		In the West, due to the influence of anti-Pilsudski circles with Władysław Sikorski as their foremost representative, he was seen as having fled from the battlefield in 1939, with little recognition given to the circumstances of Poland's defeat by the Nazis and Soviets.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Edward_Rydz-Smigly (2249 words)

	World War II - ninemsn Encarta
		More than any previous war, World War II involved the commitment of nations' entire human and economic resources, the blurring of the distinction between combatant and non-combatant, and the expansion of the battlefield to include all of the enemy's territory.
		In the last stages of the war, two radically new weapons were introduced: the long-range rocket and the atomic bomb.
		In the main, however, the war was fought with the same or improved weapons of the types used in World War I. The greatest advances were in aircraft and tanks.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563737/World_War_II.html (578 words)

	(Chapter 1)
		The Polish Air Force in France consisted of two fighter squadrons, with a further two in training but when the Germans invaded France, the French collapse was as swift as the Polish one and, some might argue, less creditable.
		The Polish Independent Parachute Brigade under General Sosabowski had wanted to parachute into Poland to help the ill-fated rising in Warsaw that had broken out on the 1st August, 1944, but were dropped instead at Arnhem as part of operation "Market-Garden" to fight alongside the British 1st Airborne Division and to suffer the same defeat.
		Polish submarines patrolled the North Sea and the Mediterranean; Polish warships served in the Atlantic and Murmansk convoys; the Polish Navy saw service in the Narvik campaign, the Dunkirk evacuation, the assault on Dieppe, hunting the Bismark, the invasion of Sicily and the invasion of France on D-Day.
	www.angelfire.com /ok2/polisharmy/chapter1.html (4118 words)

	Polish History - Potop
		Many Polish magnates who were Protestants betrayed the commonwealth and joined forces with the Swedes in an attempt to overthrow the Polish king.
		Despite the survival of the Commonwealth in the face of the deluge,the episode inflicted irreperable damage to the commonwealth and contributed heavily to the ultimate fall of the state.
		War had destroyed the economy of the cities and raised animosity between Catholics and Protestants which ended the commonwealth's policy of religious tolerance.
	www.polishforums.com /Articles_Polish_History___Potop_11_238_0.html (1718 words)

	Invasion of Poland (1939) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Polish forces were stretched thin on the very long border and, lacking compact defence lines and good defence positions along unadvantegeous terrain, mechanized German forces often were able to encircle them.
		Polish Bofors 40 mm antiaircraft gun and a bombed Polish Army column during the Battle of the Bzura.
		The Polish air force was destroyed on the ground in the first days of the war: The Polish Air Force, though numerically inferior, was not destroyed on the ground because combat units had been moved from air bases to small camouflaged airfields shortly before the war.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Polish_Defence_War (6577 words)

	Polish History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Poland under the reign of the Piast dynasty (966-1370) was an average-sized country, whereas Rzeczpospolita (the Polish Noble Republic) which was born with the Polish-Lithuanian union (1385) was the most powerful country of continental Europe at the turn of the 15th and the 16th century.
		The power of the Polish Republic originated from the proud "nation of noblemen" which, nevertheless, in the 18th century plunged into a moral and political crisis which put paid to the country's statehood.
		The Polish Republic at its zenith - the "golden freedom" of the nobility, the election of 1573, Jan Matejko, 1889, National Museum in Warsaw.
	www.polishconsulatela.com /English/Virtual_Tour/polish_history.htm (1024 words)

	World War 2: Polish Underground State
		Then, the outbreak of the German-Russian war in 1941, meant that the entire Polish territory was overrun by the Germans, whose long-term aim was to exterminate the Poles.
		The chief task of the AK was to prepare and execute a general uprising in Poland coordinated with the Allies in the final phase of the war, which would liberate Poland from the occupant in one fell swoop.
		The on-going struggle concentrated on self-defence (freeing prisoners and hostages, defence against pacification measures), and striking at the occupant's apparatus of terror (the physical liquidation of Gestapo and SS functionaries).
	www.warsawuprising.com /state.htm (878 words)

	Informat.io on Suwalki
		In February 1919 the local inhabitants took part in the first free elections to the Polish Sejm, but soon afterwards the German commanders changed their mind and expelled the Polish military units from the area and in May passed it to Lithuanian authority.
		During the Polish-Bolshevik War the city was captured by the Reds and after the Battle of Warsaw it was again passed to the Lithuanians, but it was retaken by the Polish Army with negligible losses soon afterwards.
		During the later stages of the Polish Defence War of 1939 the town was briefly captured by the Red Army.
	www.informat.io /?title=Suwalki (2007 words)

	Polish Defence War of 1939
		Polish Defence War of 1939 is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		Ignacy Jan Paderewski was born in the village of Kuryłówka in the province of Podolia, Poland.
		It was to shield the Polish positions further to the south and guard the crossing of Narew and Biebrza rivers.
	www.experiencefestival.com /polish_defence_war_of_1939 (2057 words)

	Informat.io on Kielce
		During the Polish-Austrian War of 1809 it was captured by prince Józef Poniatowski and joined with the Duchy of Warsaw, but after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815 it was joined with the Kingdom of Poland.
		After the outbreak of the World War I Kielce were the first Polish city to be liberated from Russian rule by the Polish Legions under Józef Piłsudski.
		During the Polish Defence War of 1939 main part of the defenders of Westerplatte as well as armoured brigade of General Stanisław Maczek were either from Kielce or from its close suburbs.
	www.informat.io /?title=Kielce (1204 words)

	War unlikely for Iran, says Poland - World - smh.com.au
		ONE of America's main allies, Poland, believes so many mistakes were made in the war in Iraq that any military intervention in Iran would be highly unlikely and the world would have to learn to deal with Iran having nuclear arms.
		In an interview in Warsaw, the undersecretary of state for defence, Stanislaw Koziej, told the Herald the operation in Iraq "wasn't optimal, wasn't very effective and quite a lot of mistakes were done there and still we make a lot of mistakes".
		Mr Koziej said public opinion in Poland did not support the country's presence in Iraq, the war having claimed the lives of at least 17 Polish soldiers.
	www.smh.com.au /news/world/war-unlikely-for-iran-says-poland/2006/07/09/1152383611521.html?from=rss (693 words)

	Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade: Reports: Inquiry into the loss of HMAS Sydney
		Fleet Order No 4131 issued by the Admiralty at the beginning of the Second World War required that in any case involving loss of or damage to one of HM Ships, a copy in duplicate of the Board of Inquiry (if one was held) had to be deposited with the Admiralty in London.
		The Head of the Naval Historical Branch in the Ministry of Defence (the successor to the Admiralty) has confirmed that no such report relating to the loss of HMAS Sydney is held by the Ministry of Defence.
		The departments or agencies were: Navy Office, 1939-1954; Naval Board, 1941-1949; Department of Defence Coordination, 1939-1942; Department of Defence, 1942-1971; RAN Hydrographic Office, 1920-1956; Department of the Army, 1939-1945; Directorate of Prisoners of War and Internees, 1942-1947; Department of Air, 1939-1961; Department of Information, 1939-1950; Investigation Branch, 1939-1945; Attorney-General's Department, 1939-1949; Prime Minister's Department, 1939-1945.
	www.aph.gov.au /house/committee/jfadt/sydney/Sydch_3.htm (2558 words)

	Second World War: 4 Jul 2005: House of Commons debates (TheyWorkForYou.com)
		That is why the Government are organising a series of events this week to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the end of the second world war.
		Friend's tribute to Sir Donald, a former Member of this House, whose tireless efforts on behalf of the War Memorials Trust—a charity dedicated to the conservation and preservation of 65,000 memorials throughout the country—has ensured that those who gave their lives for our freedom are not forgotten.
		Gentleman may be pleased to know that I was the first Defence Minister ever to attend the Polish memorial ceremony at Northolt, on Remembrance day 1997.
	www.theyworkforyou.com /debates/?id=2005-07-04a.1.3 (749 words)

	Polish defence minister sparks confusion over Iraq troop pullout
		Poland's defence minister sparked confusion Monday by announcing that the country would pull its troops out of Iraq by the end of next year, only to be contradicted hours later by other top government figures.
		An announcement of a Polish pullout would spark dismay in Washington, where US President George W. Bush is under criticism over the troubled US-led occupation of Iraq as he seeks re-election next month.
		But amid strong popular opposition to the Polish troop deployment and violent unrest in the country, the government is under pressure to bring to an end Poland's military involvement in Iraq.
	www.spacewar.com /2004/041004121234.pxvr95wv.html (683 words)

	The Scotsman - Polish troops discover four French missiles in Iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		POLISH troops have found four French missiles in central Iraq that they believe were only manufactured earlier this year, it was revealed last night.
		France was one of the loudest opponents of the war to oust the Iraqi dictator and has continued to be a thorn in the side of the coalition, only yesterday criticising a United Nations resolution intended to coax troops and cash from reluctant UN members to rebuild Iraq.
		Eugeniusz Mleczak, a spokesman for the Polish defence ministry, said the missiles were discovered on 29 September and made safe.
	thescotsman.scotsman.com /index.cfm?id=1099272003 (984 words)

	Post War Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Polish Committee of National Liberation was set up in 1944 by the Communist Poles and Russians at Lublin, and a few days later, was recognised as the temporary Polish government by the USSR.
		The Polish population of the old eastern provinces, including Lwow, moved west as their territories were absorbed by the USSR; the German population was largely removed to the German Democratic Republic (later to become known as East Germany).
		The Polish sense of "destiny" began to surface.
	www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk /www/PostWar.html (819 words)

	The Lion and the Eagle: Polish Second World War Veterans in Scotland.
		Polish dreams of a free, democratic Poland were in tune with the British.
		Polish border from the east ‘to protect their fellow Slavs’.
		In the west, Polish Forces served with distinction on the sea, on the land and in the air.
	www.cualann-scottish-books.co.uk /books/lion.htm (1220 words)

	Poles in defence...
		This is a historical record similar to those of regiments that fought in ancient, long forgotten wars.
		In the summer of 1940, the Polish pilots were truly a godsend for the British.
		The Polish squadrons used "300" numbers, from 302 through 317, of which 303 became the most famous.
	www.polishlibrary.org /review/poles_in_defence.htm (608 words)

	America ‘Poised to Strike at Iran’s Nuclear Sites’ from Bases in Bulgaria and Romania
		President Bush is preparing to attack Iran's nuclear facilities before the end of April and the US Air Force's new bases in Bulgaria and Romania would be used as back-up in the onslaught, according to an official report from Sofia.
		But, in conjunction with the beefing up of America's Italian bases and the acquisition of anti-missile defence bases in the Czech Republic and Poland, the Balkan developments seem to indicate a new phase in Bush's global war on terror.
		Curiously, the report noted that although Tony Blair, Bush's main ally in the global war on terror, would be leaving office, the president had opted to press on with his attack on Iran in April.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines07/0128-05.htm (871 words)

	Indiainfo.com -> Spotlight -> War on Iraq -> Poland wants Iraq's division into four sectors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Warsaw: Iraq could be divided into four military sectors rather than three, one of which would be under Polish control, Polish Defence Minister Jerzy Szmajdzinski said on May 5, Polish public television reported.
		Polish President Aleksander Kwasniewski said in French daily 'Le Monde' that Warsaw planned to send at least 1,500 troops to Iraq to help administer one of the newly established military sectors into which the war-battered country may be divided.
		Washington is said to be formulating a post-war "stabilisation" plan for Iraq that would carve it into three military sectors, each controlled by one of the partners that backed the US-led invasion of the oil-rich country.
	news.indiainfo.com /spotlight/usiraqwar/05poland.html (250 words)

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