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Topic: Polish cavalry

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Towarzysz husarski

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Polish cavalry brigade order of battle

Battle of Swiecin

List of Polish divisions in WWII

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	Hussaria - Polish Winged Cavalry
		Polish relations with Austria and Germans were not very friendly, but the King of Poland, Jan III Sobieski, understood very well that the fall of Vienna would be disastrous for his country and the rest of Europe.
		The Polish army of 27,000 soldiers, half of which was cavalry including 3,300 hussars, was assembled in the second half of August, and because of the gravity of the situation the King marched south, not waiting for the Lithuanians.
		Polish hussaria attacked in the center and on the right wing and took the Turkish camp, together with the palace-like tents of Kara Mustafa and an enormous booty.
	www.skygodproject.net /history/hussaria__polish_winged_cavalry.htm (1936 words)

	Encyclopedia article: Polish cavalry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Polish Cavalry (Polish (The property of being smooth and shiny) kawaleria) can trace its origins back to the days of Mediæval (additional info and facts about Mediæval) mounted knights (Originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit).
		Finally, the Polish cavalry detachments were also present in Haiti (A republic in the West Indies on the western part of the island of Hispaniola; achieved independence from France in 1804; the poorest and most illiterate nation in the Western Hemisphere), where they helped the French administration to quell a local rebellion.
		Polish cavalry units took part in most of the battles of 1939 and on several occasions proved to be the elite of the Polish Army (additional info and facts about Polish Army).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/P/Po/Polish_cavalry.htm (3083 words)

	Polish Cavalry in World War 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Two cavalry squadrons was trotting in front of a group of senior officers.
		The cavalry could only hope that the Germans would direct their anti-tank gunfire at the T-34s and not at the horses.
		Polish and German uniforms - the drawing present an image in accordance with the myth.
	www.chakoten.dk /polryt07.html (1114 words)

	POLISH NEWS - Polish History Page - Last Great Charge of the Polish Cavalry. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The assault by a Polish mounted brigade against a column of infantry and motors - only a fragment of the fight against the German invasion in 1939 - was executed in the glorious tradition of the horse cavalry's saber-wielding charge.
		The Suwalki Cavalry Brigade, stationed at the frontier of East Prussia, near the border of Lithuania, was composed of three cavalry regiments, one artillery regiment, and a group of light armored cars.
		His article makes clear that he was a junior officer in the Polish cavalry at the beginning of the Second World War and participated in the cavalry charge he describes.
	www.polishnews.com /fulltext/history/2001/history4.shtml (2214 words)

	The Husaria - Polish Cavalry
		Polish armies had to operate in all types of terrain and climates (baking plains in the south to freezing bogs and forests in the north, wilderness or city).
		The crux of any battle was the cavalry charge, not a massed attack by heavy armor, but light cavalry supported by artillery, probing for weak points to be exploited by the heavy cavalry deployed in a checkerboard pattern so that the bringing down of one rank or section did not affect the others.
		There are many "myths" that surround the September Campaign; the fictional Polish cavalry charges against German tanks (actually reported by the Italian press and used as propaganda by the Germans), the alleged destruction of the Polish Air Force on the ground, or claims that Polish armor failed to achieve any success against the invaders.
	www.cavhooah.com /polish.htm (2310 words)

	Polish cavalry during the 1939 campaign. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The most effective battle of Polish cavalry was Mokra battle, where Wolynska cavalry brigade, supported with a armored train stopped and caused big losses to 4th Panzer division (about 50 tanks and 500-800 troops).
		The cavalry and infantry were able to hold them back until the early afternoon, when the Germans began to push the Poles back.
		German propaganda used this event to create 'stupid Polish cavalry' myth which was believed by Germans (some soldiers even wrote in their memories that Poles used their sabres and lances agains tanks and explained that they thought the tanks were made of paper) and Poles.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /classroom/cinema/rzepinski.html (898 words)

	The Forum of the 1.Jagdmoroner Abteilung - Polish Cavalry Preeminence
		It seems that throughout much of this period Polish cavalry tactics and units seem to have had a great ammount of influence on the armies of the rest of the world be it in the form of heavy cavalry (hussars) or light cavalry (lancers)
		The cavalry's contribution in pitched battle was to oblige the infantry to form sqaure, thus deducing it's firepower by 75%.
		British cavalry defeated a Turkish force in WWI with a cavalry charge but I doubt that was a significant event.
	www.1jma.dk /topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=600 (3252 words)

	Histofig : Empire - Uniformes : Duché de Varsovie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Polish troops in french, italian or german service between 1797 and 1801, Italic Legion or Danube Legion, are not as often said at the origin of the well-known Vistula Legion.
		In 1809 the polish army under command of PONIATOWSKI (less the troops posted in SPAIN et 2 battalions of each the 8e, 10e et 11e infantry regiments left in garrison in PRUSSIA) is opposed to the austrian VII Corps under command of the Archduke FERDINAND.
		Raised in 1809 as 10th cavalry regiment of the franco-galician army and integrated at the beginning of 1810 in the polish army.
	www.histofig.com /history/empire/uniformes/pologne/pologne_en.html (3891 words)

	Polish Light Artillery
		The contribution of Polish culture and arms to our civilization is not well known, and the innovative role played by artillery in her armies is virtually a secret - our educational mission is to correct this (while having a great time!).
		The specific period on which we focus is from the Deluge 1653 to the raising of the siege of Vienna, 1683.
		The carriage is typical of those used by the Polish light artillery at the time.
	www.kismeta.com /diGrasse/PolishHorseArtillery.htm (738 words)

	The Polish Army
		Polish armies had to operate in all types of terrain and climates (baking plains in the south to freezing bogs and forests in the north, wilderness or city).
		The crux of any battle was the cavalry charge, not a massed attack by heavy armour, but light cavalry supported by artillery, probing for weak points to be exploited by the heavy cavalry deployed in a chequerboard pattern so that the bringing down of one rank or section did not affect the others.
		Napoleon had his Polish lancers who rendered him good service, especially at Somo Sierra in Spain (when a squadron of 125 men cleared 9,000 entrenched infantry and four batteries in the space of seven minutes) and once again the Poles were able to inspire the rest of Europe.
	alife.ccp14.ac.uk /macsoft2/www/Army.html (707 words)

	Axis History Forum :: View topic - Polish cavalry. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Cavalry was used primarily against enemy infantry, and was often quite effective.
		It mainly addresses the question of cavalry vs. armor charges, but it also discusses the cavalry's role, and includes an excerpt from a veteran cavalryman recounting his unit's attack on a column of German infantry.
		Polish cavalry was always a swift model for Poland's opponents.
	forum.axishistory.com /viewtopic.php?t=58729 (1153 words)

	Lance pennons of the Polish Army (1920-39)
		In 1939, the Polish Army was in the process of converting a number of its cavalry brigades to motorized brigades.
		The cavalry regiments (mostly lancers) were to become motorized rifle regiments, the horse artillery was to be motorized, and the brigade was also to contain a tank battalion, a motorized reconnaissance battalion and a motorized antitank battalion.
		Given the Polish Army's strong cavalry tradition, it is plausible that the recon- and anti-tank battalions flew pennons on their vehicles, but I don't know that for a fact.
	flagspot.net /flags/pl^lpenn.html (631 words)

	Polish army during the Napoleonic Wars.
		The Polish and German knights were defeated at Legnica, yet Poland preserved her independence, avoiding the fate that had befallen Ruthenia and Russia when it was conquered by the Mongols.
		The Polish army was heavily outnumbered and defeated by the enemy.
		In 1812 the Polish troops carried the fame of Polish heroism along the same roads which two and three centuries before, in the times of King Stefan Batory and King Wladyslav IV saw the Polish banners of the White Eagle in a triumphant march to Moscow.
	web2.airmail.net /napoleon/polish_army.html (5487 words)

	The battle of Obertyn
		However the Polish army was on no account to enter Moldavian territory (excepting the disputed Pokutia) and if they did so they would be in a state of war with the Ottoman Empire.
		Certainly the Polish cavalry were able to sweep rapidly around to their right and hit the Moldavian centre/left before they could reorganise to counter this new threat.
		Polish infantry were dispatched from the Tabor to silence the guns, which they duly succeeded in doing.
	myweb.tiscali.co.uk /matthaywood/main/Battle_of_Obertyn.htm (1369 words)

	Polish army (Infantry - Artillery - Cavalry). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Polish light cavalry participated in the Napoleonic wars and was praised by the French and the enemy.
		The Polish cavalry could be seen to have been instrumental in the retention of the lance until its widespread readoption in the Napoleonic period.
		The Polish cavalry during Napoleonic Wars consisted of numerous regiments of light cavalry and one small regiment of cuirassiers.
	web2.airmail.net /napoleon/polish_army_2.htm (7019 words)

	GUSTAF II ADOLF
		The polish king desired to end the swedish-polish quarrel once and for all by a forcefull offensive against Sweden-Finland while instigating a revolt in Sweden using the exiled swedes from Karl IX reign hat still lived in Poland.
		1500 polish were killed, 3 guns captured, as well as 150 men with 5 colors and all of their wagon train.
		The victorious king now decided to move the war to the polish Prussia to the southwest were the country was untouched from war and the army could aquire fresh supplies as well as seizing the last polish trade city by the baltic, Danzig, and thus grabbing the polish nation by the throat as Oxenstierna wrote.
	members.tripod.com /Strv102r/gustaf_4.htm (1464 words)

	Storm of Steel - German invasion of Poland
		The polish campaign wasn´t such a push-over as often has been assumed in the west, the polish army fighting bravely in face of overwhelming odds, and often inflicting large casualties on the german Wehrmacht.
		To simulate this, the polish player rolls for Cpts etc as normal, but his army is demoralized as if it was a veteran army, i.e.
		To reflect this, a assault attack by a mounted polish cavalry unit is labelled a charge if 1.
	www.freewargamesrules.co.uk /Rules/World_War_2/poland.htm (693 words)

	Iron Men With Eagles' Wings; Poland's Winged Hussars
		Thereafter, Polish kings had no hereditary rights but were elected by the nobility, or Szlachta, and the parliament of the Commonwealth, the Seym.
		A Polish military force would generally be made up of 60-75% cavalry, a third of these being Hussars.
		Horses were shod with gold and silver shoes that were designed to fall lose in the streets as they went and some nobles took to the Turkish practice of dyeing the lower portions of their horses red or green.
	www.rencentral.com /sept_vol1/hussars.shtml (1150 words)

	The Henry Nettleton Cavalry Revolver
		The Henry Nettleton™ Artillery Revolver and The Henry Nettleton™ Cavalry Revolver
		The Henry Nettleton™ Cavalry Revolver is the first in the Government Inspector Series.
		Cavalry model is only available Aged Blue finish.
	www.usfirearms.com /cat/henrynettleton.asp (432 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Polish Seym had already voted that the predominately Polish north eastern area of Lithuania should be liberated from the Bolsheviks and joined to Poland.
		Polish forces were not actually destroyed but simply retreated in an increasingly uncoordinated manner.
		Polish plans had fallen into his hands as early as 8th August only to be dismissed as unlikely.
	members.lycos.co.uk /jozefpilsudski/vistula.html (3731 words)

	The Polish Nobility Commonwealth Guild (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		They were the most magnificent sight ever seen, especially at full charge, and, their cavalry fighting and riding tactics have paved the way for everything we know today in equestrian studies.
		The Polish "Nobility" as such, consisted largely of the knightly "Warrior-Class" of the earlier age, and is often very confused with the concept of Nobility as "Royalty", to Western European thinking and understanding.
		This would historically cover the era of six Polish kings, two of which reigned during the time-line of Queen Elizabeth 1st, accurately allowing the P.N.C.G. to 'exist' within the Renaissance-era timeline events, for those who have questioned this possibility, since most faires, seem to be "Elizabethan-Themed" and, not 'completely' European in representation...
	www.geocities.com /rik_fox/husaria/index2.html (979 words)

	Polish Army
		The Polish Airforce was part of the army, but was distinguished by its own uniform and command structures.
		As the commander of the Novogrodek Cavalry Brigade based at Lidzbark, just a few kilometres from Grunewald, where in 1410 the Poles achieved a brilliant victory over the Teutonic Knights, Anders knew the defence of Poland was hopeless.
		It was on this front that the Polish Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade had a number of sabre clashes with the German First Cavalry Brigade (Zaloga and Madej,1991) thus marking an end to mounted warfare.
	www.polandinexile.com /army1.htm (2530 words)

	The Life and Times of Jan Pirog, a Polish Soldier
		I was in Russia as a prisoner of war and was in the cavalry prior to that.
		The "Krzyz Walecznych" (Cross of Valour) is a Polish military decoration instituted in 1920; it was conferred up to four times to troops in the active service and, in exceptional cases, to civilians who co-operated with the military.
		Jan states that 8,000 Polish Military personnel were taken to the Siberian Gulag along with him, and only 2,000 were still alive when they arrived at their destination.
	www.freedominmessiah.com /jan_pirog.html (2323 words)

	Uhlan - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		They were introduced into the Prussian service in 1740, but failed to distinguish themselves in the First Silesian War, and it was only after the treaty of Tilsit (1807) that Ulan regiments were again formed in the Prussian army.
		In the Austrian army a "Uhlan-pulk " of Poles was formed in 1784 and ordinary Uhlan regiments of Austrian cavalry in 1791.
		Manfred von Richthofen was in an Uhlan regiment from 1911 to 1915.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/Uhlan (156 words)

	Husaria – Polish Winged Cavalry
		The list of major battles won by Polish and Lithuanian armies using hussaria is given in the appendix.
		1579-1581 – three succesful wars against Russia with cavalry raids.
		1610 Kluszyn, pure cavalry battle against Russians.
	home.san.rr.com /slawek/Tata/papers/Husaria-eng.html (1966 words)

	PGSA - Polish Military History
		Hordynski, Joseph, Major 10th Regiment Lithuanian Lancers History of the Late Polish Revolution and the Events of the Campaign, Boston, 1833.
		Some names, Polish units and other source material is cited.
		Important study for those interested in researching Polish involvement in the military history of Napoleon or France.
	www.pgsa.org /military.htm (2430 words)

	Jackson Gamers' Russian Civil War miniature figures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Russian Colonial cavalry is in a peakless hat.
		The cavalry come with seperate arms which is always a challenge, but allows quite a variety of poses".
		Not available are figures of the new Polish army wearing a khaki uniforms with rounded service cap (ref. Deryabin's RCW Intervention forces), however most other sources state the soft czapka.
	www.angelfire.com /games3/jacksongamer/rcwfigs.htm (3340 words)

	The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
		The Polish Museum of America in Chicago IL Polish Society and Government
		The kopia: Only the Polish lance could outreach infantry pikes (and did, at Kircholm in 1605)
		According to legend, a Polish duke named Lech was hunting when he came across an eagle's nest.
	www.wingedhussar.org (740 words)

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