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Topic: Political dissidents

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	Dissident - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Political dissidents usually use non-violent means of political dissent, including voicing criticism of the government, but dissidents can also attempt to displace or overthrow the established government by achieving popular support and sparking a revolution or rebellion.
		Militant dissidents are usually in the form of armed paramilitary groups whose aim is usually to overthrow a government or regime, or otherwise impose changes on the established order.
		Since militant dissidents are almost always militarily disadvantaged compared to the ruling power, such groups usually resort to asymmetric warfare, guerilla warfare, or in some cases, terrorism, to further their cause.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Political_dissident (394 words)

	Indonesia & East Timor: Introduction (1997)
		Political killings are not a new phenomenon in East Timor.
		Virtually all political trials in Indonesia and East Timor have been show trials, intended partly to substantiate the claim that the New Order is a state based on the "rule of law", and partly as a warning to potential dissidents.
		The periodic execution of political prisoners has served simultaneously as a reminder of the purported need for "vigilance" against subversion and as an expression of the ultimate power of the state.
	www.amnesty.org /ailib/intcam/indopub/indoint.htm (2629 words)

	Cuba: Release Political Dissidents (Human Rights Watch, 27-4-2004)
		The dissidents were convicted on the basis of their political beliefs and nonviolent political activities.
		The trial, which was held yesterday in the central Cuban city of Ciego de Ávila, was the country’s first major political prosecution since last year’s imprisonment of 75 dissidents.
		The prosecution was based on a political protest that they held at a provincial hospital in March 2002.
	hrw.org /english/docs/2004/04/27/cuba8500.htm (607 words)

	The use of the Internet for political action by non-state dissident actors in the Middle East
		Politics has not been immune to the impact of the Internet either, as the Zapatistas, a dissident group within Mexico, used the Internet as an important tool in their campaign against the Mexican government, attracting international support and effectively constraining the government’s response [2].
		Dissident groups are often initially based around a core group of individuals, limiting the amount of resources available to them [17].
		The efforts of Iraqi dissident groups such as the Iraqi National Congress and the Iraqi National Accord to gain U.S. support for their efforts to undermine Saddam Hussein’s regime are useful examples of groups seeking direct support from a state [24].
	firstmonday.org /issues/issue8_11/mclaughlin (19383 words)

	Taipei Times: China part of psychiatric axis of evil \| Clearharmony - Falundafa in Europe
		As least this is the suggestion in the accusations that China has been detaining Falun Gong followers and other political dissidents in mental institutions and forcing them to take psychotropic drugs and undergo electroconvulsive therapy.
		This report chronicled China's history of using psychiatry as a means of repressing political dissidents.
		At present, political deviancy is still considered to be a form of insanity or at minimum it is taken to represent a serious form of mental illness.
	www.clearharmony.net /articles/200209/7113.html (750 words)

	WAIS - World Affairs Report - Cuba
		Well-organized politically and capable of donating handsomely to political campaigns, hard-line groups such as the Cuban-American National Foundation have lobbied for a continuation of the embargo.
		Some dissidents also maintain ties with Cuban-American groups as well as U.S. legislators, provoking the Cuban government’s claim that political dissidents are pawns of U.S. imperialism.
		Political demonstrations remain illegal and strictly limited, although there are sporadic instances of small demonstrations.
	wais.stanford.edu /Cuba/cuba_fcastro1.html (2990 words)

	Asia Times
		The systematic political abuse of psychiatry in China will be targeted at the congress of the World Psychiatric Association, which meets in Yokohama from August 23-29.
		The report, titled Dangerous Minds: Political Psychiatry in China Today and its Origins in the Mao Era, alleges that China is holding and torturing thousands of political and religious dissidents in mental institutions.
		Twenty years ago, revelations that political dissidents in the former Soviet Union were being held in special psychiatric hospitals on the basis of false diagnosis led to the forced withdrawal of the then Soviet Union from the WPA in 1983.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/China/DH21Ad03.html (839 words)

	Dissident -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In (Click link for more info and facts about totalitarian) totalitarian regimes these dissidents are often punished with lengthy prison sentences, (Putting a condemned person to death) execution or economic deprivation.
		In democratic societies political and social dissidents are supposed to be free from government pressure, but there have been notable instances of persecution, such as during the (Click link for more info and facts about Palmer Raids) Palmer Raids.
		Militant dissidents are usually in the form of armed (A group of civilians organized in a military fashion (especially to operate in place of or to assist regular army troops)) paramilitary groups whose aim is usually to overthrow a government or regime, or otherwise impose changes on the established order.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/di/dissident.htm (185 words)

	Dissidents in Cuba get split signals from Castro / Chicago Tribune - Cuba News / Noticias - CubaNet News
		Recently, however, three of the dissidents found themselves unexpectedly home for the weekend on prison furloughs and free to talk with a visiting foreign journalist, even as Cuba's government cracks down on other dissidents.
		It is "the largest number of actions of political repression in the last 10 years," said Elizardo Sanchez, the leading spokesman for Cuba's political opposition and head of the independent Cuban Commission for Human Rights and National Reconciliation.
		Dissidents, however, say the intimidation has worsened since November's Ibero-American summit in Havana, during which visiting diplomats held high-profile meetings with dissident leaders, embarrassing the government.
	www.cubanet.org /CNews/y00/mar00/29e5.htm (1131 words)

	Media Alert } Cuban Supreme Court Upholds Imprisonment of Dissidents
		The prisoners are among some 75 dissidents who were sentenced to up to 28 years in prison in a March 2003 crackdown.
		The dissidents imprisoned in March were sentenced to long prison terms after unfair trials.
		While the dissidents remain in detention, Human Rights First calls on the Cuban government to ensure that Oscar Espinosa Chepe and others in need of medical attention are provided with appropriate medical treatment immediately and that their conditions of detention meet basic international standards.
	www.humanrightsfirst.org /media/2003_alerts/0625.htm (336 words)

	Activist : HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH REPORT ON CHINA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Political repression in Tibet has increased sharply since 1994, and there are now more political prisoners in custody there than at any time since 1990.
		It includes an analysis of the political developments leading to the deterioration in human rights, a description of coercive practices: political imprisonment, torture, and restrictions on religious freedom, and the first study of compulsory labor in Tibet.
		While the releases of a few well-known political prisoners were cause for rejoicing, they were overshadowed by more than 200 arrests or trials of people who had engaged in peaceful political or religious activities.
	users.westnet.gr /~cgian/china.html (2370 words)

	American Political Dissidents in South Georgia
		Political legitimacy seems to reside in these myths continuing, with a blind eye to the past wrongs; however gray and murky the moral lines of the past may be.
		More importantly, the ongoing political legitimacy of the area seems to require the continuing good name of the rich people who own the vast tree plantations and the willingness of the masses of largely fl laborers to work in the often snake-infested forests.
		If the academic sycophants in the University System of Georgia in league with the political leaders of Southern Georgia thought that they had eliminated or minimized their problems by 1985 with the 1970s VSU movement, they are in need of a serious reappraisal of the situation.
	www.sogadissidents.blogspot.com (10850 words)

	Russia, USSR, Dissidents, Torture
		If the dissidents had indeed reflected mass sentiment, then one would expect them to be leaders in the new Russia, or at least to exercise political influence.
		The early political dissidents were almost exclusively academics, professionals and other intellectuals seeking greater political freedoms within the Soviet system.
		Former political prisoner Sergei Kovalyov is now the only remaining former dissident in the State Duma, the lower house of parliament, but he has little power.
	www.cdi.org /russia/Johnson/5538-1.cfm (1506 words)

	The New York Review of Books: China's Psychiatric Terror
		The diagnoses made in both the political dissident and Falun Gong cases, ranging from "delusions of reform" to "paranoid psychosis," are highly reminiscent of the long-discredited label of "sluggish schizophrenia" that the Soviets used to apply to their dissidents and religious nonconformists.
		But whatever further inquiry may show, the fact that dissidents are sent to an Ankang, diagnosed there as "political maniacs," and imprisoned, according to official sources, for an average of five years is a violation of their human rights and of the international medical standards which China insists it follows.
		Psychiatrists found Zhu "politically deluded," and deemed his views and writings "incompatible with his status, position, qualifications, and learning" (he was, after all, a mere semi-educated worker, and hence seen as not being qualified to speak on politics and economics—despite having held a leading position on his local Revolutionary Committee).
	www.nybooks.com /articles/16082 (3886 words)

	Press Release (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Among those imprisoned was Cuban journalist and poet Raul Rivero, who was sentenced to 20 years in prison after what the group called a "sham trial at which defense rights were not respected." Rivero was accused of publishing his articles outside the country and of meeting U.S. diplomats in Havana.
		The European Union adopted a resolution September 4 reiterating its condemnation of what it described as the "flagrant" violation of civil and political rights in Cuba, and called for the immediate release of all political prisoners in the country.
		Caricom's foreign ministers expressed their "concern at the conduct" of the trials of the dissidents and said they were "deeply disturbed" by the severity of the jail sentences meted out.
	embajadausa.org.ve /wwwh284.html (527 words)

	Catholic World News : Another Wave of Repression
		The dissidents were accused of conspiring with US diplomats and collaborating with the "enemy press." In actuality they were guilty of three offenses: promoting uncensored libraries, practicing independent journalism, and advocating political reform.
		According to the state-run newspaper Granma, the long prison terms, ranging from 6 to 28 years, were meted out "in order to rein in political dissidents." Most of the dissidents were charged under Cuba's Law 88, which promises tough sentences for Cubans who conspire with a foreign power against their country's government.
		In the presence of Fidel Castro, the Pope stated clearly that it was the Church's duty publicly to denounce the "corruption of political power," and that Catholics have the duty and the right to participate in public debate on the basis of equality and in an attitude of dialogue and reconciliation.
	www.cwnews.com /news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=25044 (5510 words)

	Cuba News / Yahoo! - CubaNet News - Noticias de Cuba / Cuba News
		At the time, dissidents and observers expressed surprise that Fidel Castro's government even allowed the meeting to be held.
		In other cases, dissidents planning to attend the protest at the diplomatic mission were visited and warned by state security agents not to go, Sanchez said.
		The EU sanctioned Cuba after Castro's regime cracked down on dissidents in 2003, but in January, the EU temporarily suspended the sanctions, and in June, it ratified re-establishment of political dialogue with Havana.
	www.cubanet.org /CNews/y05/jul05/25e8.htm (2014 words)

	AFL-CIO's Sweeney Defeats Challenge From Dissidents (washingtonpost.com)
		The dissident unions had challenged federation policies under Sweeney and discussed the possibility of running a candidate against Sweeney.
		Sweeney was elected in 1995 on a platform promising to strengthen labor in the political arena after the Republican victories of 1994, and to stop the steady loss of union members in the face of global competition, Republican hostility to unions and a business community increasingly opposed to unionization.
		Sweeney succeeded on the political front, increasing the percentage of the electorate made up of union households.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A2642-2005Mar2.html (898 words)

	Vietnam steps ups harassment of prominent political dissidents
		Nguyen Ngoc Lan, 68, a dissident writer, suffered a cracked shoulder blade and a head injury after he was thrown from his motorbike in what appears to have been a deliberate attack.
		Quoc's house was ransacked, all reading materials carted away and he was subjected to several day-long interrogation sessions by police there, apparently in retaliation for the publication of a new collection of poems, the statement said.
		Like many of the Vietnam's prominent dissidents, Tran was formerly a member of the Communist Party but fell out of favour as he grew more disillusioned with the post-war authoritarianism of the regime.
	www.fva.org /0598/story05.htm (822 words)

	Sex Assault Now a Political Act in Zimbabwe
		Concubinage in youth militia camps and the governmental use of rape as a means of punishing female political dissidents are both forms of the problem.
		Rights groups say sexual assault is increasingly being used as a political weapon by the Zimbabwean government, engaged in a nearly three-year campaign of terror against political opponents.
		Counting the number of victims of sexual assault in Zimbabwe is nearly impossible since the normal reticence of rape victims to speak about their ordeals is compounded by a general fear of speaking out against an increasingly brutal regime.
	www.womensenews.org /article.cfm/dyn/aid/1513 (966 words)

	FalunInfo.Net - Taipei Times: China part of psychiatric axis of evil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		As least this is the suggestion in the accusations that China has been detaining Falun Gong [practitioners] and [...] political dissidents in mental institutions and forcing them to take psychotropic drugs and undergo electroconvulsive therapy.
		This report chronicled China's history of using psychiatry as a means of repressing political dissidents.
		The recent increase in the politicized use and control of psychiatric treatment may be part of Beijing's concerted effort to stem the rise of Falun Gong, a spiritual [practice] that focuses on meditation.
	www.faluninfo.net /DisplayAnArticle.asp?ID=6325 (644 words)

	Asian Political News: Wang Dan calls for release of all political dissidents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Following Wang's release, 12 political activists from eastern Zhejiang Province immediately filed an open letter to the Chinese Judicial Ministry and called for the release of all political prisoners in China, the Hong Kong-based Information Center of Human Rights and Democratic Movement in China said Monday.
		The New York organization, largely made up of exiled Chinese dissidents, further submitted to U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright a list of 158 other known dissidents serving lengthy prison terms in the Chinese gulag for their roles in the peaceful 1989 protests and demanded their release.
		In November last year, Wei Jingsheng, another Chinese dissident, was released for medical treatment and has since settled in the U.S. China's Ministry of Justice announced last year when it abolished ''counterrevolutionary crimes'' that some 2,000 Chinese would continue to be imprisoned for such offenses.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0WDQ/is_1998_April_27/ai_50304695 (711 words)

	Association for Asia Research- China part of psychiatric axis of evil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Evidence of the abuse of psychiatry in China was presented during a congress of the World Psychiatric Association(WPA).
		The recent increase in the politicized use and control of psychiatric treatment may be part of Beijing's concerted effort to stem the rise of Falun Gong, a spiritual sect that focuses on meditation.
		Under Mao Zedong's (¤ò¿AªF) rule during the 1960s and 1970s, psychiatric appraisals in almost three-quarters of all criminal cases involved political dissidents.
	www.asianresearch.org /articles/863.html (730 words)

	Resource Information Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A former employee of the US Embassy in Rangoon agreed with the involvement of intelligence agencies and added that police and military officers assist in surveillance of internal dissidents and dissidents living abroad.
		Evidence that the government of Burma maintains surveillance over dissidents and maintenance of lists can be openly found in the government’s treatment of prominent dissident Aung San Suu Kyi.
		The employee on the Burma Desk said, "A rare dissident has a passport, and an exit permit is less likely than a passport" (Telecon, US Department of State, 20 Oct. 1998).
	uscis.gov /graphics/services/asylum/ric/documentation/Myanmar1.htm (763 words)

	The Russia Project - Radio and Online Stories a Decade After the Soviet Union
		Today virtually none of the former dissidents hold elective office in Russia, and they are largely ignored by politicians and the public alike.
		She was married to famed political prisoner Yuli Daniel and later became an outspoken Soviet critic in her own right.
		Former political prisoner Sergei Kovalyov is now the sole remaining former dissident in the State Duma (lower house), but he has little power.
	www.russiaproject.org /part2/dissidents/essay.html (1589 words)

	americas.org - Three Political Dissidents Freed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		They were among 75 people arrested in a crackdown last year and given lengthy prison terms.
		Opposition activists said they hoped to see further releases, after about 18 dissidents were taken to hospitals in Havana at the weekend.
		Some dissidents said it seemed some prisoners had simply been moved to other jails.
	www.americas.org /item_17019 (342 words)

	OpinionJournal - Extra
		He has spent his life fighting for Cubans' rights against Fidel Castro, which earned him the nomination but is unlikely to win him the award.
		Carter is a fan of the Cuban dissident, and supports his campaign.
		Whether or not the Nobel recognizes him, a free Cuba--and hopefully the wider world--will one day honor him as a man who brought hope and confidence to a nation battered by tyranny.
	www.opinionjournal.com /extra?id=110004135 (1072 words)

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