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	Political parties in Lebanon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Lebanon has numerous political parties, but they play a much less significant role in Lebanese politics than they do in most parliamentary democracies.
		That means: the parties are named in the English translation and the original native name is placed on the first line of the article unless the native form is more commonly used in English than the English form.
		These groups are not political parties in the classical sense: their members belong to, and in some cases lead, a variety of political parties.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Lebanon (342 words)

	Kataeb Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The Kataeb Party, better known in English-speaking countries as the Phalange, is a Lebanese political party that was first established as a Maronite nationalist youth movement in 1936 by Pierre Gemayel.
		The influence of the Phalangists was very limited in the early years of Lebanon's independence, but came to prominence as a champion of the Christian cause in the crisis of 1958.
		The party is still a significant player on the political scene, despite being divided into two separate factions that virtually amount to separate parties, one being led by Amine Gemayel (who returned from exile in 2000), and the other by.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Kataeb_Party_(Lebanon) (453 words)

	Lebanon, country, Asia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Political groups that are mainly Christian, especially of the Maronite sect, generally favor an independent course for Lebanon, stressing its ties with Europe.
		Lebanon did not enter the Oct., 1973, Arab-Israeli War, nor did the Lebanese army interfere with Palestinian guerrillas operating in S Lebanon.
		Lebanon became embroiled in civil war among the Christians, Muslims, and Palestinians from early 1975 to late 1976.
	www.bartleby.com /65/le/Lebanon.html (2514 words)

	Hezbollah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It is regarded by most in the Arab and Muslim world as a legitimate, militant, Shia political party in Lebanon, and by the Israeli government and several Western governments as an Islamic fundamentalist, or Islamist, terrorist organization.
		It is primarily active in the Bekaa Valley, the southern suburbs of Beirut, and southern Lebanon.
		According to their published political platform in 2003, Hezbollah claims to favor the introduction of an Islamic government in Lebanon by peaceful democratic means.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Hizbullah (3107 words)

	Political Parties and Electoral Systems in Lebanon and Israel: Interactive Reinforcement
		In Lebanon, the role of political parties has been weak, specifically in the tendency for traditional and neotraditional forces to be emphasized while the role of political parties is being undermined by these forces.
		After 1982, many political parties, on both sides, were transformed into militias as the militarization of the parties eventually led to the parties being controlled by their military wings.
		The relatively weak political role of the political parties in Lebanon is attributed to the structure of these parties, which remained highly confessional and depended heavily on individual traditional communal leaders.
	almashriq.hiof.no /ddc/projects/pspa/krayem/krayem.html (2084 words)

	The Factions
		One of the oldest multisectarian parties in Lebanon, the Lebanese Communist Party (LCP) was formed in 1924 by a group of intellectuals.
		This small party was founded in 1969 in the wake of major clashes between the Palestinian forces in Lebanon and the Lebanese army (which was aided by right-wing militias).
		Since its inception, this party has exhibited a fixation with the militarization of the Lebanese in order to "defend Lebanon." This ostensibly secretive program was made public in 1973 when the Organization participated in clashes between Palestinian forces, on the one hand, and the coalition of Lebanese army troops and rightwing militias, on the other.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Parliament/2587/teams.html (8641 words)

	The Guardians of the Cedars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The President of the Party who is responsible for conducting its march, directing its course and achieving its goals, also has to define the doctrines, ensure rectitude, promote alertness and look after the proper formation of the partisans.
		In 1943 "Independent Lebanon" was born, followed by a 4th rebirth in 1958 as the "Shaky Lebanon" and, finally in 1975 the "Cracked Lebanon" came to existence.
		Lebanon’s sixth rebirth will only be achieved by the alertness of its people and their human pride, not by their fanaticism, chauvinism, antagonism or isolationism.
	www.gotc.org /ideology1.htm (958 words)

	Lebanon -> Bibliography on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Lebanon and Syria: internal and regional dimensions: the following is an edited transcript of the twenty-fifth in a series of Capitol Hill conferences convened by the Middle East Policy Council.
		Lebanon: the struggle of a small country in a regional context.
		BEIRUT, LEBANON-- A campaign official with the Lebanese Shiite militant faction, Hezbollah, hands a voter a ballot at a Beirut polling station, Sunday, May 29, 2005.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/Lebanon_Bibliography.asp (683 words)

	Politics in Lebanon: History of the Political Parties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Historically, political parties in Lebanon have lacked traits common to parties in most Western democracies.
		In 1987, with politics almost moribund and in the absence of a significant militia, the Islamic Grouping by default was the most important organization of the Sunni community.
		With the death of Pierre Jumayyil in 1984, the role of the party declined further.
	www.rimbaud.freeserve.co.uk /lebanon_pol.htm (5612 words)

	Lebanon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Later, when Lebanon was under French mandate, the French tricolour was used with a cedar tree in the middle.
		Branches and trunks of the cedar are usually coloured in brown for the sake of realism — or, as some friends told me, in fl to celebrate the Syrian-Lebanese 'friendship'.
		The Constitution of Lebanon promulgated on 23rd May 1926 said, "Article 5: The Lebanese flag is blue, white, red with a cedar in the white part".
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/lb.html (1314 words)

	.:Future Movement - ALMUSTAQBAL:. Lebanon - Justice Ministry looks to regulate political parties by placing 'a secular ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		BEIRUT: Political movements formed within the crucible of the past few tumultuous months are now seeking to establish themselves as formal political parties.
		The law is not specific to the establishment of political parties.
		If the proposal is endorsed, existing parties will be given time to settle their status according to the law's provisions.
	www.futuremovement.org /forum/showthread.php?t=3210 (697 words)

	Middle East Times
		Hizbullah does not recognize the UN-approved Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon and says that it still bears arms because the Shebaa Farms area of the country is occupied by the Jewish state.
		US officials have noted that an election, without the Syrian presence, is likely to give Hizbullah greater power because it is one of the few political parties in Lebanon viewed as clean by the Lebanese and because of its role in building hospitals and providing basic social services where the government has failed.
		The Bush administration seems to be opening itself to political realities on the ground in Lebanon and while it continues to view Hizbullah as a terrorist organization, its immediate priority seems to be on getting the Syrians to withdraw completely.
	www.metimes.com /articles/normal.php?StoryID=20050311-073151-7368r (745 words)

	The Religion Report - 11/12/2002: Reconciliation in Lebanon
		After 16 years of bloody civil war, Lebanon is really still only in the early stages of rebuilding the fabric of a civil society, and the new Lebanon is still incredibly vulnerable to being destabilised by regional conflict — whether it be the intifada in Palestine, the events of September 11, or another Gulf War.
		Mohammad Sammak: It can’t be, because Hezbollah is a respected as a movement to liberate the south of Lebanon from occupation, from the Israeli occupation.
		And Hezbollah, as a political party in Lebanon, has the right to participate in the process of decision-making in the parliament and in the government.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/talks/8.30/relrpt/stories/s745060.htm (2371 words)

	List of political parties - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is a list of political parties around the world.
		A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections.
		Election results for the parties can be found at List of election results or among the external links at the end of the article.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Americas (616 words)

	Lebanese Political Parties: Hezbollah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Hezbollah (or The Party of God) emerged in 1982 as a guerilla resistance army fighting against the Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon.
		Though primarily Shiite, the party has drawn support from a broad range of organizations both religious and political; its primary appeal was to the disenfranchised Shiite youth in Lebanon.
		The party has since gained political legitimacy in Lebanon, currently holding 12 parliamentary seats, while the civilian branch of Hezbollah runs schools, orphanages and a television station.
	www.arabfilm.com /item_print.html?itemID=293 (120 words)

	Review of Political Parties of the Middle East and North Africa
		While previous multi-author books have surveyed political parties in the Middle East (notably The Encyclopedia of Political Systems and Parties, published by Facts on File, 2nd edition, 1987), none has the attempted the detail and comprehensiveness of the volume under review.
		Fourteen chapters concentrate on single countries, ranging from Morocco in the west to Iran in the east, from the Sudan in the south to Turkey in the north.
		Two commonsensical patterns emerge from the many details: political parties have greatly proliferated in the past six years, since the collapse of the Berlin wall; and fundamentalist parties have replaced nationalist ones as the region's most dynamic.
	www.danielpipes.org /article/667 (319 words)

	Government: Political Parties (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Official Home Page from Algeria of Harakat Moudjtamaa As-Silm or Movement of the Islamic Society - is a moderate Algerian Islamist political party which believes in pluralist democracy and refuses exclusion the imposition of a unique way of thinking on the society.
		It is a grass roots organization which enjoys support throughout the whole spectrum of the Algerian society, whether by sex, age or socio-economic categories.
		Rally for Culture and Democracy is a liberal party with a predominantly Kabyle following advocating Berber culture.
	www.assr.org /topics/misc/7_34.html (261 words)

	Governments on the WWW: Lebanon
		Consulat Général du Liban à Dubai, Émirats Arabes [Consulate General of Lebanon in Dubai, Arab Emirates]
		Ambassade du Liban à Ottawa, Canada [Embassy of Lebanon in Ottawa, Canada]
		Ambassade du Liban à Rome, Italie [Embassy of Lebanon in Rome, Italy]
	www.gksoft.com /govt/en/lb.html (323 words)

	Directory - Regional: Middle East: Lebanon: Society and Culture: Politics: Parties
		Parti Nationaliste Social Syrien (PNSS / SSNP) - Al Hizb Al Souri al Qawmi al Ijtimaa'i · cached · Home page of the party established by Antoun Saadeh and believing in the unity of the Fertile Crescent.
		Kurdish Democratic Party - Lebanon · cached · Includes information about the party and its policies, press releases and articles about the Kurds in Lebanon.
		National Liberal Party (NLP) - Hizb al Wataniyyiin al Ahraar · cached · Official website of the party established by former President of the Republic Camille Chamoun.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=235325 (280 words)

	Arabic News Weekly Edition for Lebanon, 7/11/2005
		The Israeli army announced that fire was exchanged between its forces and fighters of the Lebanese Hizbullah party in Raas al-Naqoura on the western side of the border to the south of Lebanon on Tuesday.
		Lebanese political sources said that the designated Lebanese prime minister Fouad Sanyoura is nearing the announcement of the first Lebanese government since the withdrawal of the Syrian forces from the country.
		The UN Security Council on Monday held a session of consultations on Lebanon during which it was stated that the chairman of the international investigation team to the assassination of the late prime minister Rafiq al-Hariri, Detleve Meles, sent messages to Syria, Israel, and Jordan asking for help.
	www.arabicnews.com /ansub/Weekly/Lebanon/20050711.html (900 words)

	Governments on the WWW: Political Parties
		Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs (SPÖ) [Socialdemocratic Party of Austria]
		Srpska Stranka Republike Srpske [Serbian Party of the Serbian Republic]
		Hrvatska Seljacka Stranka Bosne i Hercegovine (HSS BiH) [Croatian Peasants Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina]
	www.gksoft.com /govt/en/parties.html (2433 words)

	Political parties, interest groups, and other movements around the world
		America's Open Debates Foundation is a national foundation committed to networking existing "free election" organizations, every legitimate national party, ballot access and election reform movements into one cooperative, unified and powerful voice.
		Third Parties '96 is a movement to build a new mainstream political party
		Parti Constitutionnel a non-profit political organization for the adoption in France of the American Constitution and way of life
	www.psr.keele.ac.uk /parties.htm (1049 words)

	flag of Political Parties (Lebanon) flags, Fahnen, Flaggen, FOTW bei Nationalflaggen.de
		The Christians had two parties, the Jamail [Gemayel] family one (Kataeb) and the Chamoun family one (Ahrar).
		In Lebanon the word party hasn't got the same meaning as in the West.
		Parties usually unite members of the same religion and have an army of their own.
	www.nationalflaggen.de /flags-of-the-world/flags/lb}.html (69 words)

	Political Science: Faculty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Michael W. Suleiman is University Distinguished Professor of Political Science at Kansas State University.
		Also at Kansas State, he is a faculty member in the American Ethnic Studies Program (AESP) and has served as a member of the Governance Board of AESP (1987-1989).
		Dr. Suleiman is presently finishing an annotated bibliography on the Arab-American community and working on a book-length manuscript on Arabs in America.
	www.ksu.edu /polsci/FacBio/Suleimanbio.htm (300 words)

	Lebanon Government & Politics Guide
		Lebanon entry in the Freedom in the World
		a division of the Kataeb Party in the United States.
		Ideology, history, general information related to the party and to the Syrian nation (Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine and Iraq).
	www.arabji.com /Lebanon/govt_Politics.htm (191 words)

	Middle East Institute: Press Release
		“The United States and Shi'ite Religious Factions in Post-Ba`thist Iraq,” by Juan Cole, analyzes the role of Shi'ite political groups, particularly the Sadr movement, and argues that it is imperative for the US to incorporate—and ensure the cooperation of—such movements into a future democratic Iraq.
		Don Peretz, Rebecca Kook, and Gideon Doron, “Knesset Election 2003: Why Likud Regained its Political Domination and Labor Continued to Fade Out.” Don Peretz has analyzed Israeli elections in the Journal for 49 years.
		In “Political Parties in Post-War Lebanon: Parties in Search of Partisans,” Farid el Khazen compares the roles of various political parties in postwar Lebanon with their counterparts from the prewar era, and examines where those parties are positioned in the current political system in terms of power, finance, and preservation of the status quo.
	www.mideasti.org /articles/doc124.html (267 words)

	Lebanon-Islam and Middle East
		Lebanon Links: Large search engine for Lebanese websites including, news, music, travel, media, and events.
		Politics in Lebanon: History of the Political Parties: History of political parties in Lebanon
		Politics in Lebanon: Comprehensive site of all aspects of Lebanese politics and government
	www.ou.edu /mideast/country/lebanon.htm (480 words)

	political parties politics government information uk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		PoliticalParties in British Politics Clicksponsor There are many politicalparties in Britain but throughout the whole of England, there are three dominant politicalparties : Labour, Conservatives and Liberal
		IntroductionIntroduction Historically, politicalparties in Lebanon have lacked traitsformation of a small number of politicalparties.
		NetLondon.com > politics > politicalparties Communist Party ofDemocrats - Britains third biggest political party.
	www.v8go.co.uk /information/government/politics/political-parties.asp (190 words)

	The World Factbook 2004 -- Field Listing - Political parties and leaders
		Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]; Bangladesh Communist Party or BCP [Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIA, chairperson]; Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [Mufti Fazlul Haq AMINI]; Jamaat-E-Islami or JI [Motiur Rahman NIZAMI]; Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD]; Jatiya Party (Manzur faction) [[Naziur Rahman MANZUR]
		Conservative Party or PSC [Carlos HOLGUIN Sardi]; Liberal Party or PL [Horatio SERPA Uribe]; Patriotic Union or UP is a legal political party formed by Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia or FARC and Colombian Communist Party or PCC [Jaime CAICEDO]; 19 of April Movement or M-19 [Antonio NAVARRO Wolff]
		Basotho Congress Party or BCP [Tseliso MAKHAKHE]; Basotho National Party or BNP [Maj. Gen.
	www.brainyatlas.com /fields/2118.html (3104 words)

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