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Topic: Political risk insurance

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	Political Risk Insurance
		In most cases, political risk insurance is purchased to cover risks where the level of political or economic volatility is beyond the client's comfort zone.
		Political risk insurance is available for the full range of exposures related to cross-border corporate, commodity, trade, structured trade and project activities, and the financing thereof.
		Political risk insurance, as discussed below, is viewed as a type of insurance that is a combination of several kinds of coverage.
	www.ins.state.ny.us /ogco2003/rg030137.htm (1236 words)

	Political Risk: Run for Cover? - CFO.com
		Political risk insurers already underwrite terrorism perils in that context, usually as a component of political-violence policies.
		"Finite risk insurance could be a good vehicle for large companies that have the historical ability to fairly accurately predict what their claims are going to be over an extended period of time," says Charles Soucy, a vice president and principal at J.H. Albert, a risk management consulting firm based in Needham, Massachusetts.
		But because political risks are extremely hard to predict, the use of finite risk in political risk insurance is likely to be limited.
	www.cfo.com /printable/article.cfm/3003066?f=options (1041 words)

	Political Risk Insurance - Expropriation, Currency Inconvertibility, Contract Frustration, Political Violence
		This political risk coverage protects local currency dividends, debt service, fees, return of capital, or non-payment of trade receivables by a foreign government or private-sector buyer (assuming, in the case of a private-sector buyer, that sufficient local currency had been deposited in the buyer's bank).
		This kind of political risk insurance protects against non-payment, loss of income, business interruption, loss of equity investments, or damage/destruction of physical assets due to war, revolution, civil unrest, rioting, public strikes, armed uprising, insurrection, terrorism, sabotage, or other politically-motivated violence or acts of malice.
		Political risks insurance is also available to protect against non-honoring of sovereign government payment guarantees, whether the buyer is in the public or private sector.
	www.meridianfinance.com /other_political.shtml (550 words)

	The green paper on Energy, European Commission, 2000 - The importance of the Caspian Region for the EU
		If you broaden the definition of political risk to include "creeping expropriation" which stems from changes in legislation that affect the industry such as taxes, labor, environmental regulations and other economic measures, the United States itself may be considered to present somewhat of a political risk.
		Two of the most important sections of a political risk insurance policy are those which set forth the events that give rise to a loss i.e., what constitutes an event of loss, and the measure of damages in the event a loss occurs.
		Classic political risk in the form of expropriation and nationalization remains a threat, although it is not as prevalent as it once was.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/speeches/polrisk_rev_8-29-02.htm (2371 words)

	Excess Line Premium Tax
		Therefore, political risk insurance conforming to the description in Regulation 86 may be placed by an excess line broker with an unauthorized insurer.
		Absent from the definition of political risk in Regulation 86 is insurance for the non-payment of loans made by a bank to a foreign government or enterprise, which the Department considers a kind of financial guaranty insurance as defined in N.Y. Ins.
		Political risk insurance, as discussed earlier, is really a combination of various kinds of insurance and is not specifically insurance covering tangible property.
	www.ins.state.ny.us /ogco2005/rg051022.htm (1241 words)

	Political Risk
		Political risk refers to government interference in the business affairs of foreign persons or companies doing business in a particular country.
		There is also risk to company employees of personal harm or kidnapping, and risk to the firm of extortion attempts.
		A unique form of political risk occurs in China, and this is the constant battle between the country’s central government and the provincial and local governments over applicable law, and observance or non-observance of it.
	www.chinariskmanagement.com /Political.html (347 words)

	Political Risk Insurance
		Capacity for political risk insurance policies is available up to $100 million per risk with a maximum term of coverage of 15 years.
		We also offer political risk insurance coverage to both investors and financial institutions to protect their equity investments and loans.
		Political risk insurance coverage can be provided on a standalone basis or ZEMS can help put together an insurance package using coinsurance, reinsurance and other arrangements.
	www.zurichna.com /political_risk_insurance.htm (295 words)

	Print - Fact Sheet - Political And Business Risk Assessment Services
		Political risk is a clear and present danger to companies operating in today’s global economy.
		Political and business risk assessments can save valuable time and costs if conducted in the early stages of a business evaluation as issues can be identified that may need to be addressed before a company decides to commit considerable resources to proceed with the transaction.
		These assessments can also be used to decide if political risk insurance coverage is required to mitigate against potential risks, such as the non-honouring of sovereign guarantees, the imposition of foreign currency controls or the cancellation of operating licenses.
	www.intl-risk.com /print/pbrs.htm (742 words)

	Stellar Risk Management :: The Stellar Difference
		Political risk insurance is an insurance product that has become an essential tool for managing risk when doing business in the developing world.
		Political risk insurance can be taken out by businesses of any size, such as multinational corporations, investors, financial institutions, project developers and contractors, having operations in countries in which there is a risk that political conditions will result in a loss.
		While political risk insurance policies are sometimes customized for specific situations, the major political risk insurers have standard forms for the coverages that they issue.
	www.icmaj.com /en/news/newsItem.aspx?news=42 (2485 words)

	DNA - Money - For political risk, insurance isn’t all - Daily News & Analysis
		Political risk insurance is available for political violence such as revolution, insurrection, civil unrest, terrorism or war; governmental expropriation or confiscation of assets; governmental frustration or repudiation of contracts; wrongful calling of demand guaranties; and inconvertibility of foreign currency or the inability to repatriate funds.
		Political risk insurance provides cover to an insured for risks such as expropriation by a foreign State or currency risk.
		This question is especially acute since political risk insurers will no doubt have a provision preventing an insured investor from taking any step such as reaching a negotiated resolution with the country, which might affect its treaty rights.
	www.dnaindia.com /report.asp?NewsID=1027950 (730 words)

	Risk and Insurance : CHOICE STORY - Giving Managers 'The Creeps' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In emerging markets, political risks are the source of creeping expropriation, as citizens who own local firms are often charged with regulating the companies as well.
		And no matter which side of the market you are on–the company heading overseas, the insurance broker or the insurer–one fact of the shifting landscape is that insuring political risks is not as clear-cut as in previous decades.
		For such cases, political risk insurance contracts usually provide arbitration coverage, which rely on clauses in the commercial contracts that outline a process for the resolution of contractual disputes.
	www.riskandinsurance.com /050201choice.asp (1288 words)

	Political Risk Insurance
		Political Risk Insurance provided through Kidnap Ransom.com enables importers and exporters to take advantage of overseas trade opportunities in regions where political risks may be a concern.
		Insurance can be structured to cover losses due to political risk events that occur before, during or after goods are shipped.
		With Political Risk Insurance provided through Kidnap Ransom.com, companies and financial institutions can focus on their core business activities and pursue international opportunities knowing they are well protected.
	www.kidnapransom.com /html/political_risk.html (695 words)

	Investment Risk Insurance - Holman Insurance Brokers Ltd., Markham, Canada
		Insurance for political risk against loss from damage to, or the destruction or disappearance of, tangible assets caused by politically motivated acts of war or civil disturbance in the host country, including revolution, insurrection, coups d'état, sabotage, and terrorism is available.
		Investment risk insurance protects against loss of the insured investment as a result of acts by the host government that may reduce or eliminate ownership of, control over, or rights to the insured investment.
		Investment Risk insurance also protects against losses arising from an investor's inability to convert local currency (capital, interest, principal, profits, royalties and other remittances) into foreign exchange for transfer outside the host country.
	www.holmanins.com /business/credit_political_risk/investment_risks.html (444 words)

	Insurance — Political Risk Insurance for Banks - EDC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Political Risk Insurance (PRI) for Banks covers financial institutions for up to 100 percent of a loan’s principal and interest when political events in developing countries interfere with payment.
		Business growth: By mitigating political risks, PRI gives your institution the confidence to extend new loans to clients in support of their overseas export or investment plans.
		The foregoing information describes, in general, political risk insurance for banks available at EDC and is not a commitment to provide such insurance.
	www.edc.ca /english/insurance_8843.htm (264 words)

	Export Finance and Insurance Corporation - Political Risk Insurance (plant and equipment)
		Our Political Risk Insurance (Plant and Equipment) policy provides protection against losses or damage to plant and equipment where the loss or damage is caused solely and directly by specified political events, such as:
		Insurance may be extended to cover plant and equipment that is owned outright by the Insured or subject to a finance lease where the Insured acts as either the lessor or lessee.
		EFIC will provide insurance against damage or loss to the Insured’s plant and equipment where the sole and direct cause of the loss or damage is one of the political events:
	www.efic.gov.au /static/efi/financiers/tc/plantequip.htm (796 words)

	Political Risk Insurance 101 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Political risk insurance is available for several different types of political risk, including (among others):
		As with any insurance, the precise scope of coverage is governed by the terms of the insurance policy.
		While political risk insurance policies are sometimes manuscripted for specific situations, the major political risk insurers have standard forms for the coverages that they issue.
	www.juiceenewsdaily.com /1004/news/polin.html (128 words)

	Political Risk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Political risks arise from the actions or inaction of a foreign government, your own government, or a third party country or supranational.
		These risks may deprive a company of its assets, prevent or restrict the performance of a contract, or affect repayment of loans to financing banks and lenders.
		Insurance can be purchased individually, as part of a tailor made portfolio, or as part of a credit insurance policy.
	www.aon.com /uk/en/risk_management/insurance/political_risk/default.jsp (340 words)

	Chubb Group of Insurance Companies
		Political risk insurance can help protect a company’s financial investment in countries that may lack political stability.
		Remember: Once a country becomes a "hot" spot due to activity such as civil unrest or a coup…you won’t be able to purchase political risk insurance.
		Chubb’s political risk underwriters have the expertise to help you fully protect your foreign investment in uncertain locations with a variety of products including Confiscation, Expropriation, Nationalization (CEN), Wrongful Calling of Guarantee and Contract Frustration insurance.
	www.chubb.com /businesses/mrg/risk.html (115 words)

	IRMI - Political Risk Insurance Guide, 1st ed
		Political risk insurance has become an essential tool for managing risk and, therefore, for doing business in the developing world.
		This easy to read book carefully explains the risks businesses face when they operate outside their countries of origin, the coverage intricacies of investment insurance, and the coverage available under trade insurance policies.
		The public and private marketplaces for various types of political risk insurance are described and the underwriting process is explained.
	www.irmi.com /products/bookdescriptions/pri.asp (327 words)

	Political Risk
		Aon's political risk specialists offer a comprehensive range of insurance and risk management services to help organizations that operate in, trade with or invest in foreign countries.
		Our political risk experts in the United Kingdom and the United States offer a broad range of solutions to meet your specific business issues.
		The Political and Economic Risk Map is Aon's benchmark review of political and economic risks facing corporations doing business globally, and provides an invaluable guide to trade credit and political risk insurance markets' perceptions of key risks around the world.
	www.aon.com /risk_management/political_risk.jsp (344 words)

	AIG WorldSource > Products > Political Risk Insurance - International
		Political Risk insurance can protect medium to large sized corporations against these and other country risks.
		Political risk insurance protects permanent, mobile and leased assets against losses due to confiscation, non-repossession or political violence.
		Political risk insurance protects dividends, intra-company fees and loan repayment obligations against currency controls which prevent the conversion of local currency to hard currency or the transfer of currency outside of the host country
	www.aigworldsource.com /worldsource/public/wsproducts/0,1368,3-14-457-4063,00.html (295 words)

	TheStreet.com: Political Risk Insurance Becomes All the Rage in Emerging Markets
		PRI, not to be confused with the Mexican political party, gives the kind of guarantee that once-bitten, twice-shy investors and corporations are seeking.
		Often the insurance also guards against the expropriation of assets and rights and, on occasion, political violence.
		Because political risk insurance is a win-win situation for investors and issuers, Warburg's Parry and others expect to see the insurance become more commonplace.
	www.thestreet.com /int/emerging/822667.html (737 words)

	Political Risk
		Today's political risks are not the classic risks associated with communist takeovers or post-colonial outbursts of anti-foreign sentiment.
		Our political risk experts offer consulting and brokerage services to help your company meet the challenges of globalization.
		Our holistic approach to political risk management can help you evaluate your company's political risk exposures and determine the most appropriate course, whether it involves insurance solutions, risk management tools or a combination of both.
	www.aon.com /us/busi/risk_management/risk_transfer/trade_credit/political_risk/default.jsp (316 words)

	Political Risk Insurance Center - About
		The Political Risk Insurance Center (PRI-Center) is an information portal Web site providing free access to online political risk management and insurance resources.
		The PRI-Center provides a searchable database of Web-based documents on political risk environments; on legal issues related to arbitration, mediation and other investment dispute resolution and prevention mechanisms; research findings and analyses of political risk issues and their relationship to foreign direct investment (FDI), as well as specialized tools for practitioners.
		Highlights and news items relevant to FDI and political risk, industry news and events are also posted on the Web site.
	www.pri-center.com /header/about.cfm (221 words)

	What is political risk and what can a multinational company do to minimize exposure?
		For multinational companies, political risk refers to the risk that a host country will make political decisions that will prove to have adverse effects on the multinational's profits and/or goals.
		Macro risk refers to adverse actions that will affect all foreign firms, such as expropriation or insurrection, whereas micro risk refers to adverse actions that will only affect a certain industrial sector or business, such as corruption and prejudicial actions against companies from foreign countries.
		All in all, regardless of the type of political risk that a multinational corporation faces, companies usually will end up losing a lot of money if they are unprepared for these adverse situations.
	www.investopedia.com /ask/answers/06/politicalrisk.asp (707 words)

	Overseas Private Investment Corporation
		Political risk insurance is available to U.S. investors, contractors, exporters and financial institutions involved in international transactions.
		Political risk insurance can cover currency inconvertibility, expropriation and political violence, and is available for investments in new ventures, expansions of existing enterprises, privatizations and acquisitions with positive developmental benefits.
		To obtain or attract financing in the face of risk
	www.opic.gov /insurance/index.asp (198 words)

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