
	Where results make sense

Topic: Pollinator decline

Related Topics

Pollination management

Gaucho (insecticide)

Africanized bee

Pesticide misuse

Monoculture

Honeybee

Bumblebee

Pollen source

Light pollution

GMO

Pumpkin

Nectar source

Environmental movement

Mormonism and Christianity

Iris (plant)

	Pollinator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A pollinator is the agent that moves pollen from the male anthers of a flower to the female stigma of a flower to accomplish fertilization or syngamy of the female gamete in the ovule of the flower by the male gamete from the pollen grain.
		Though the terms are sometimes confused, a pollinator is different from a pollenizer, which is a plant that is a source of pollen for the pollination process.
		Many kinds of pollinators, from blue bottle flies, to bumblebees, and leaf cutter bees are cultured and sold for managed pollination.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pollinator (441 words)

	Pollinator decline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pollinators participate in sexual reproduction of many plants, by ensuring cross-pollination, essential for some species, or a major factor in ensuring genetic diversity for others.
		Since plants are the primary food source for animals, the reduction of one of the primary pollination agents, or even their possible disappearance, has raised concern, and the conservation of pollinators has become part of biodiversity conservation efforts.
		Clearcut logging, especially when mixed forests are replaced by uniform age pine planting, causes serious loss of pollinators, by removing hardwood bloom that feeds bees early in the season, and by removing hollow trees used by feral honeybees, and dead stubs used by many solitary bees.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pollinator_decline (1532 words)

	Pollinator decline Info - Encyclopedia WikiWhat.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pollinator decline is based on an observation made at the end of the twentieth century, which is the reduction in abundance of pollinators in many ecosystems worldwide.
		The study of pollinator decline is also interesting some scientists, as bees have the potential to become a keystone indicator of environmental degradation.
		Some think that other pollinators will in time replace the lost honeybees, but general pollinator decline was already happening before diseases such as acarine and varroa mites decimated honeybees.
	www.wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pollinator_decline.html (1427 words)

	Pollinator decline -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pollinator decline is based on observations made at the end of the twentieth century of the reduction in abundance of (An insect that carries pollen from one flower to another) pollinators in many (A system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment) ecosystems worldwide.
		The value of bee pollination in human (The scientific study of food and drink (especially in humans)) nutrition and (Any solid substance (as opposed to liquid) that is used as a source of nourishment) food for (All living things (except people) that are undomesticated) wildlife is immense and difficult to quantify.
		Alternative pollinators, such as for example, (Click link for more info and facts about leafcutter) leafcutter and alkalai bees in alfalfa pollination and (Robust hairy social bee of temperate regions) bumblebees in greenhouses for tomatoes are used to augment and in some cases replace honeybees.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pollinator_decline.htm (1575 words)

	Why Care About the Insects That Pollinate Our Plants?
		Pollination, the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or another flower, is necessary for plants to produce seeds and fruit.
		Insects pollinate two thirds of the world's crop species, whose fruits and seeds together provide 15 to 30 percent of the foods and beverages that we consume-approximately, one out of every four mouthfuls.
		There is a growing body of evidence that the loss, alteration, and fragmentation of habitats and the extensive use of pesticides have contributed to a decline in pollinator populations and reduced fruit set, a trend that has been recorded on all continents.
	www.xerces.org /Pollinator_Insect_Conservation/Poll_Why_Care.htm (490 words)

	Conservation Ecology: Using Pollination Deficits to Infer Pollinator Declines: Can Theory Guide Us? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Because different pollinators interact with one another through their individual contributions toward the depletion of a common pool of pollen grains, pollinators are not simply additive in their effects on pollen delivery.
		Cumulatively, these pieces of evidence make a strong case for true pollination deficits that are attributable to a dearth of pollinators; that dearth is almost certainly the result of a pollinator decline in some of the forest remnants that are less suitable for maintaining bumble bee populations.
		Pollinator shortages and seed shortfalls are functionally related, of course, but only under certain restrictive circumstances is it safe to infer a past decline from a present deficit.
	sunsite.wits.ac.za /eco/vol5/iss1/art6/inline.html (4644 words)

	The Economic Impacts of Pollinator Declines: An Approach to Assessing the Consequences Conservation Ecology v.5, i.1 ...
		Pollination was probably associated with festivals of spring and fertility in the region at the time of the Prophet Mohammed, who reportedly discouraged such festivals and only reluctantly recognized the need to hand-pollinate dates (Margoliouth 1905: 230, Fraser 1935: II: 25, V: 281).
		These illustrations of the economic impact of pollinator declines show that, in all cases, the consumer is hurt, whereas producers who have not experienced a pollinator deficit may benefit.
		Pollination of greenhouse tomatoes by bumblebees in Ontario.
	www.mindfully.org /Farm/Pollinator-Declines.htm (6540 words)

	Pollinators - first steps for their conservation
		For an insect to be a pollinator it must, when visiting a flower with ripe pollen, receive pollen in such a way that, when it visits another flower of the same species, which has a receptive stigma, the pollen is transferred from it to the stigma.
		Pollination of crops was enhanced by leaving fallow strips for ground nesters and by providing bee boards (blocks of wood with suitable borings in them for nesters in pre-existing cavities).
		Gess, S.K. The Karoo, its insect pollinators and the perils
	www.scienceinafrica.co.za /2002/january/insects.htm (1308 words)

	eLibrary Project : Pollinator decline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Migratory pollinators, such as monarch butterfly,monarch butterflies and some hummingbirds depend on nectar corridors for their annual migration, and development or agricultural practices have disrupted some of these vital corridors.
		Moths are important pollinators of night blooming flowers and moth disorientation may reduce or eliminate the plants ability to reproduce, thus leading to long term ecology,ecological effects.
		Alternative pollinators, such as for example, Alfalfa_leafcutter_bee,leafcutter and alkalai bees in alfalfa pollination and bumblebees in greenhouses for tomatoes are used to augment and in some cases replace honeybees.
	elibraryproject.com /info/Pollinator_decline.html (1499 words)

	Full Articles Pollinator conservation
		Reduction in the abundance of pollinators or their possible disappearance has concerned many people, and the conservation of pollinators has consequently become an integral part of many biodiversity conservation efforts.
		However, in the light of this major drive to conserve pollinators, Africa has scant baseline information on the relative abundance of pollinators and the pollination processes, which is essential to the success of the project.
		This was followed by the Sao Paulo Declaration on Pollinators (http://www.biodiv.org/agro/pdf/pollinator/Pollinator-Report.pdf), that proposed the concept of a CBD International Pollinator Initiative (IPI).
	www.scienceinafrica.co.za /pollinator.htm (820 words)

	BDT [declaração de são paulo sobre polinizadores.] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Monitoring pollinators by means of standardised systematic methods provides information on the presence and absence of organisms, on local abundance and frequency through time, while correlations with biotic and abiotic variables can reveal patterns which may be useful in predicting trends.
		A co-ordinated systematic examination of pollinator diversity to be conducted in carefully chosen representative agroecosystems to provide a database for extrapolating the state of the pollinator-agriculture interface and to identify "best practices" for alleviating the losses and maintaining diversity.
		Attempts to assess the pollination activity of bees have ranged from "guesstimates" of no empirical substance, to estimates based on the practical experience of apiculturists and growers and a few concerted efforts by pollination scientists in collaboration with economists.
	www.bdt.fat.org.br /polinizadores/quatro (4452 words)

	Agriculture Contributes to Wild Pollinator Decline
		Many farmers have noticed a decline in the number of wild pollinators visiting their orchards, gardens, and fields this year.
		The fate of many wild pollinators depends on the survival of a single individual, a mated queen, who overwinters and emerges in spring, looking for a source of nectar while she builds a nest.
		Pollinators help provide food for wildlife by assisting fruit production in plants that they eat, such as wild plums, elderberries, partridge peas, vetch, and gooseberry.
	www.nebsusag.org /newsletters/feature56c.htm (688 words)

	POLLINATOR DECLINE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pollinators participate in sexual reproduction of many plants, by ensuring cross-pollination, essential for some species, or a major factor in ensuring genetic_diversity for others.
		This is a mutual dependency as bees rely on a steady nectar_source and pollen_source throughout the year to build up their hive.
		Roger_Morse and Nicholas Calderone of Cornell_University, attempted to quantify the effects of just one pollinator, the honeybee, on only US food crops.
	www.gottaorderflowers.com /pollinator_decline (1465 words)

	Earlham -- Biological Diversity -- Apis Mellifera: The Common Honeybee
		Pollinator decline has been reported on every continent except Antarctica, and while it is argued that the introduction of the Apis mellifera has disrupted native pollination systems through competition, the honeybee, as a pollinator, has not gone unaffected (Ecological Society of America, date unknown).
		Rare and endangered plants, as well as plants that are dependent on pollination by honeybees alone, are "particularly vulnerable when their pollination requirements cannot be met," making honeybees significantly important in plant conservation (Ecological Society of America, date unknown)(Ginsberg, date unknown).
		A decline of pollination can be seen even now as many farmers require managed honeybees to pollinate their fields.
	www.earlham.edu /~harrico/apismellifera.htm (1214 words)

	Re: wild pollinator loss
		The implications of pollinator loss, should this be permanent, are more frightening than any doomsday scenario we've come up with so far.>> I'm not an expert on this problem, but I have been researching/tracking it.
		He was able to demonstrate a cost of at least $8 billion per year in the U.S. from health costs, bird losses, pesticide resistance, groundwater contamination, loss of natural enemies, harm to pollinators, etc. He describes the specific ways that pesticides harm bees, pollination, and the farmers that depend on this process.
		He also discusses the huge number of acres unavailable to the benefits of pollination (to farming and to produce honey) because of the use of pesticides.
	www.ibiblio.org /london/agriculture/forums/sustainable-agriculture/msg00332.html (1128 words)

	Conservation Ecology: Population Genetic Aspects of Pollinator Decline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Many environmental variables influence the long- and short-term survival of pollinator populations (Cane 2001, Marlin and LaBerge 2001, Roubik 2001), and thereby also the plants that they pollinate (e.g., Neff and Simpson 1993, Kevan and Phillips 2001), although this is not necessarily always the case (Thomson 2001).
		Genetic causes of population decline come from a variety of influences, including the accumulation and expression of deleterious or lethal alleles or loss of fitness through lack of heterozygosity (Allendorf and Leary 1986, Mitton 1993).
		For most pollinators with one generation per year, anthropogenically determined habitat loss and fragmentation in North America may be expected to have lasted between 30 and 150 years.
	sunsite.wits.ac.za /eco/vol5/iss1/art4/main.html (12032 words)

	EPA: Pesticides - PESP: North American Pollinator Protection Campaign's 2005 Strategy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Pesticide misuse and overuse are currently major causes of pollinator decline, but this problem is often avoidable.
		Due to the extensive use of pesticides, their impact on pollinators is an issue relevant to a wide range of people.
		The exhibit is a visually stimulating and highly educational compilation of photographic images, live plant gardens that attract local pollinators, and signage describing the importance of pollinators to ecosystem health and human subsistence.
	www.epa.gov /oppbppd1/PESP/strategies/2005/nappc05.htm (924 words)

	CNN.com - Earth Matters: Pollinator decline puts world food supply at risk, experts warn - May 5, 2000
		But honeybees, the primary species that fertilizes food-producing plants, have suffered dramatic declines in recent years, mostly from afflictions introduced by humans.
		A variety of troubles threaten the pollinators: Endless waves of development destroy nesting and feeding grounds; pesticides decimate them along with other beneficial insects.
		Researcher Steve Buchman has seen fewer and fewer pollinators during travels that have taken him from the Sonoran Desert to the Malaysian rainforests.
	www.cnn.com /2000/NATURE/05/05/pollinators.peril (830 words)

	BDT [workshop: conservação e uso dos polinizadores na agricultura, com enfase em abelhas.] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Conservation and Sustainable use of Pollinators in Agriculture, with Emphasis on Bees
		Identification and encouragement of the adoption of conservation practices to maintain pollinators or to promote their re-establishment.
		Quantifying the Economic Importance of Pollinators and Pollinator Decline to Agriculture
	www.bdt.fat.org.br /polinizadores/proposed (562 words)

	Notes from a Commerical Bee Keeper
		As pollinator population continue to decline, and fruit plantings become larger, pollination planning is increasingly important in your total crop management.
		Remember that the research indicated conditions before the great pollinator crashes of the past generation from pesticide misuse and new parasites and diseases.
		A plant cannot be a pollinator and a bee cannot be a pollenizer.
	web1.msue.msu.edu /vanburen/fbees.htm (2321 words)

	The Pollination Home Page
		Pollination Fact Sheet from the Ecological Society of America
		The first prerequisite to enhancing pollination is to know the preferences of the pollinator and the efficiency of the various pollinators for each plant species.
		Pollinator Decline: Theme of current issue of Conservation Ecology Good articles on native bees, ignores honeybees and migratory beekeepers who have helped fill in the gap.
	pollinator.com (998 words)

	Pollinator Declines
		According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, we are facing an 'impending pollination crisis' in which both wild and managed pollinators are disappearing at rapid rates (3).
		Read about the causes of pollinator decline from the Ecological Society of America.
		Only 15 percent of food crops are pollinated by domesticated bees, and the number of managed honeybee colonies in the U.S. has decreased by 50 percent since 1945 due to parasitic mites, pesticides, and threats from Africanized honey bees (1).
	www.jhsph.edu /Environment/About_CLF/Canary/pollinators.html (306 words)

	Pollinator Declines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thanks to the wonderful work of bees, butterflies, birds, and other pollinating animals, the world's flowering plants are able to reproduce and bear fruit, providing many of the foods we eat, the plants we and other animals use, and the beauty we see around us.
		Yet today, there is an alarming decline in pollinator populations worldwide.
		According to Buchmann, only a few of these pollinators (mainly Hawaiian bird species) are protected by the federal Endangered Species Act.
	pollinators.nbii.gov (224 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)