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Topic: Polska (dance)

	Polska
		The Polska (not to be confused with the polka) is the most common of Swedish folk dances.
		It is possible that the dance originated when king Sigismund Vasa (Sigismund III of Poland, Sigismund I of Sweden) went to Sweden to be crowned there too, and was accompanied by Polish musicians.
		There are three main types of polskas: the semiquaver polska or sixteenth-note polska (somewhat similar to the polonaise), the quaver polska or eighth-note polska (somewhat similar to the mazurka), and the triplet polska.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/po/Polska.html (105 words)

	Swedish dance terms
		Often the dances are danced with other couples, where the couples from and then move around in a ring.
		The second melody is mostly danced as "skånsk" mazurka, with eight bars per sequence - two bars dalsteg, two bars with two turns outwards from each other with frykdal steps, two bars with frykdal steps forwards side by side, two bars where the couple makes one turn together but side by side.
		Polska is a group of dances containing a lot of variants, that in many cases have been evolving for a long time.
	dansglad.se /en/texter/swedish_dances.htm (2133 words)

	PMRC Polish Dance Sites: Kujawiak
		According to Ada Dziewanowska's description (in Polish Folk Dances and Songs) the kujawiak was originally danced with a calm dignity and simplicity, in a smooth flowing manner "reminiscent of the tall grain stalks in the fields swaying gently in the wind." The couples were spinning around the circle in a seemingly endless rotation.
		Traditionally, the kujawiak is danced by couples in a circle, either in a flowing walk, with the dancers turning to one another and then leaning away, or in a revolving pattern (with hands either free or clasped).
		The dance begins with an introductory pattern of repeated pitches, with a characteristic accelerating rhythm; the function of this introduction is to call the attention of the dancers to the exact tempo of the following dance.
	www.usc.edu /dept/polish_music/dance/kujawiak.html (1514 words)

	Hambo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Swedish dance hambo is a so-called gammaldans (old-time dance) even though it is fairly recent.
		One of the potential origins of hambo is the polka-mazurka, a dance of many turns that was popular in Europe during the second part of the 1800s.
		One of the turns in the dance was developed in about 1900 in Sweden to a free-standing dance and was danced using older polska music, for example hambopolska, but with strong emphasis on the first beat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hambo (435 words)

	Swedish folk music - Hurv Musik
		These polskas are similar to what is called "slängpolska" in many parts of central Sweden (not to be confused with the slängpolska of eastern and southern Sweden) and the dance is a precursor of the hambo.
		This theory that a "polska on the spot" has been danced in the area north of Siljan and then disappeared around the turn of the century and earlier is not to be seen as a contribution to the debate about which polska type is the oldest one in Sweden.
		Polskas of quaver type are found already during the 17th century, while semiquaver polskas, which are usually associated with "fläckpolska", do not appear until the 18th century.
	www.hurv.com /english/articles/orsa/orsa-style-eng.htm (3630 words)

	Bal Folk Dances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Now interestingly, this dance seems also to be known as the All American Promenade, the choreography being ascribed to Jim Arkness (see also a discussion in Dutch about this topic).
		The dancing teacher Hugo Moule claims this dance to be the progressive version of Gay Gordon, a Scottish Ceilidh Dance.
		Dance instructors seem to agree quite well about the standard way to dance a Circassian Circle which is performed in this video demonstration (wmv; 5MB).
	celticbompa.4t.com /BFdances.html (3032 words)

	LyricsVault: History of music; History of dance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Dance generally refers to human movement either used as a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting.
		Dance is also used to describe methods of non-verbal communication between humans or animals (bee dance, mating dance), motion in inanimate objects (the leaves danced in the wind), and certain musical forms or genres.
		It was during the explosion of new thinking and exploration in the early 20th century that dance artists began to appreciate the qualities of the individual, the necessities of ritual and religion, the primitive, the expressive and the emotional.
	www.lyricsvault.net /history/historyofdance.html (1456 words)

	Swedish dances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The dance is typically danced with the first melody using a variant of hambopolkett, the second melody dancing "skånsk" mazurka (8 bars per sequence).
		Rundpolska is an often used term for describing a type of basic polska, where the leader turn on left-left or both- right, the follower turns on left (bringing right foot into the left to a light touch on the floor)- right,-left.
		The dance calendar is not translated, as it is frequently renewed and probably most useful for the Swedish community.
	members.chello.se /dans/english/texter/swedish_dances.htm (967 words)

	PMC Polish Dance Sites: Polka
		The regular polka is danced on the circle by rotating couples who never separate and continue turning around the dance space until one or several male dancers calls for a change of direction (D±browska 1980, p.
		The dance is fast paced; the basic step consists of three small steps performed in such a way that "one foot chases the other." The dancers move smoothly and without interruptions, following the regularity of the music.
		As a result, the dancers shake throughout the dance, this shaking does not result from high jumps, but from the feet motion and is increased in accelerated tempi.
	www.usc.edu /dept/polish_music/dance/polka.html (2194 words)

	Folk dancing — Virtual Finland
		Most of the Finnish folk dances we know were collected at the turn of the century and consequently represent the dance heritage of the 19th century.
		The oldest Finnish dances performed to instrumental music (violin, clarinet, kantele) were the minuet and the polska, which both experienced the height of their popularity in the 18th century.
		At the beginning of the 19th century the polska was gradually forgotten except as a ceremonial dance at weddings.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/English/tansseng.html (2763 words)

	Bakmes fran Transtrand
		The bakmes is one of the oldest forms of the polska and is related to the Rørospols of Norway.
		During the Revese Polska step, the M may slap his R heel with the palm of his R hand on ct 2, or he may make a "dip" on cts 1 or 4 so that his knee touches the floor once per meas for several meas.
		It should be noted that the cartwheel must have been practiced and perfected before dancing on the floor with a ptr and other cpls; it must be entirely vertical with the legs straight to avoid possibly hitting and injuring another dancer (to say nothing of looking totally ridiculous!).
	www.phantomranch.net /folkdanc/dances/bakmesfr.htm (365 words)

	Scandinavian Dance Terms © 1997 by SMF
		In dealing with traditional music and dance it should be noted that names of dances and dance rhythms often differ considerably, both among and within the various lands of origin.
		Often the dance rhythm may be indicated in the title, such as vals, schottis, polka, polska, etc., but this may be of little help, even misleading, in determining the exact step or dance best suited to that particular rendition of the music.
		Slängpolska (Swing-polska): Generic term for a semiquaver polska used for fläckpolska (spot polska) dances from central and southern Sweden, which are danced primarily in place rather than continually around the room as in a waltz.
	www.folkdancing.com /Pages/skandia/appx_b.htm (1987 words)

	Hambo and Zwiefacher Workshop, 14/03/2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		No dance instruction without music, so he was accompanied by Thomas Walker, an engineer in automation (is it a coincidence that people working with advanced technologies tend to have a passion for old stuff ?) who still prefers to play the squeeze box himself than to have a robot fool around with it.
		If you know how to dance a polska, you're already familiar with the characteristic style of turning, but be aware that the actual foot work for a hambo turn is different than for a polska turn.
		Zwiefacher are dances with changing rhythm, most often a combination of waltz and two-step bars, sometimes with also polka bars, what is then rather called a Vielfacher, such as the Vielfacher composed by Senn René.
	celticbompa.4t.com /Zwiebo.html (696 words)

	Swedish Traditional Music - Svensk folkmusik
		In many of these polskas it is still possible to group the beats into multiples of three, but there are many tunes where this is not possible.
		This is a relative of the uneven polska, but the first beat is shortened and the second one is prolonged.
		Polskas like this one would usually be written as if the beats were of equal length.
	www.norbeck.nu /swedtrad (1275 words)

	Polskor
		It was at the instructions preceding the dances in the Saturday evenings in the rural community centre in Orsa we found the current style in Bodapolska that we love.
		But this polska we love and is our absolute favourite, so we have decided to dance the polska in the way we prefer.
		As with the Bodapolska, our way to dance this dance has evolved for a long time, and we do definitively not consider this to be an easy polska.
	dansglad.se /en/texter/polskor_en.htm (2099 words)

	Folk Dancing
		I started folk dancing in a little international folk dance group at Virginia Tech in 1978 while I was in graduate school.
		I think what drew me to folk dancing, and what continues to draw me, is the wide variety of music and movements from across the world.
		The MVFD Club is one of the oldest folk dance clubs in the country; we celebrate our 50th anniversary in March, 2003.
	www.math.wright.edu /People/Harry_Khamis/folk_dancing/index.htm (280 words)

	StreetSwing's Dance History Archives - Polish Mazurka Dance Page - Main1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		It was originally performed exclusively as a classic dance, and consisted of numerous figures and steps, all of which it is now divested, except a few of the elementary movements.
		One of the great advantages of this dance is, that it leaves to each his individuality, and prevents those, who practice it, from seeming as if formed upon the same model".
		The "Melancholy" Mazourka is said to be the most beautiful dance of all time when executed correctly and was hailed as the "Queen of Social Dances." It seems to express sentiments of sweetness and tenderness.
	www.streetswing.com /histmain/z3mazrka.htm (844 words)

	Reviews VRCD 343 The Pioneer Trio: Old Time Scandinavian Dance Music
		A lot of mythology has arisen about Gordon's stature in preserving traditional Swedish fiddle music and dance, but the bottom line is that he did a lot of field recording in Sweden in the 1940's and '50's, archived his material, shared, taught, prosetylized, with a nearly messianic fury in some ways.
		Their focus is on danceability, not to say that the musicality fails, for it is very pleasant.
		This CD would be enjoyed more by those who know and knew the Trio, or have danced to them over the past 40 years, but it also might serve as a palatable entry point into the world of Scandinavian folk dance music.
	www.voyagerrecords.com /RV343.htm (1270 words)

	Dance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		This is a couples dance that uses several movements to show the agility of the dancers as well as their skill.
		A dance from the Oppland area of Norway that is very stylized and can vary with the specific sub areas of this region.
		Pols dances are famous in Norway especially because there appears to be a missing "beat".
	www.kalama.com /~heatscan/musikk/dans.html (142 words)

	Rambles: Mats Berglund Trio, self-titled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The emphasis is on basic dance tunes, such as polskas, reinlenders and waltzes.
		The local polska of the Finnskogen region is played with a so-called "short third" -- this means that the polska's three-beat rhythm is emphasized on the first and second beats.
		Scattered among the dance tunes is the occasional hymn ("Psalm Fran Agder/Polska Efter Jon Andersson") or spiritual song ("Andlig Visa Efter Olaf Jonsson").
	www.rambles.net /berglund3_self03.html (459 words)

	Gammalpolska
		Gordon E. Tracie learned this dance in Sweden doing field research during the years 1950-51, 1955, and 1960-61, and subsequently taught it to folk dancers in the United States.
		Today, except for the Hambo (or Hambo Polska), which still survives as an oldtime dance, and a few specialized folk dances preserved by societies in Scandinavia, the traditional polska is virtually gone as a popular dance from in Sweden.
		As in nearly all Swedish dancing, the man is the master of the dance and must lead it firmly, thoroughly, and unerringly, with the woman following his strong lead.
	www.phantomranch.net /folkdanc/dances/gammalpo.htm (576 words)

	Track 8: The Joker's Polska (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The Joker's Polska is a traditional Swedish dance tune.
		An Dro's are a type of chain-link dance from the south-central region of Brittany.
		Individual tunes of this type traditionally take their names from the first line of the text with which they are sung.
	www.footstompin.com /music/celtic_bands/silver/tracks/obj2607 (96 words)

	Dance programme for one evening
		About half of the dances, the interactive dances, are explained shortly (1-3 minutes).
		A programme of 30 dances of different types is adequate for a dance evening of 2 hour dancing + ½ hour coffee break.
		I have only 20 dances on my web site, but this will suffice if you are not very experienced with the dances here, or the music can be played a little longer time.
	www.folkdance.suite.dk /accessor/program.htm (256 words)

	IFDA Swedish Folk Dance Workshop
		She has spent several summers in Norway and Sweden attending dance courses and festivals, and has a masters degree in ethnic dance from UCLA.
		This couple dance consists of figures improvised in a walking pattern, and can be enjoyed by both new and experienced dancers.
		Roo Lester is renowned for her enthusiasm and ability to teach turning dances in a relaxed way.
	www.siue.edu /folkdance/past/ws11.html (772 words)

	CD Baby: JOUKO KYHäLä: Saalas
		This polska was inspired by the rock paintings as well as by the rhythms of Swedish "triplet polskas", triolpolskas.
		The first polska was originally played by the Finnish-American Frank Hietala, and the second one comes from Matti Haudanmaa’s repertoire.
		The starting point of this lively, riotous polska were numbers 1033 and 1034 in the “older dance melodies”, Ã„ldre dansmelodier, part of a collection of Swedish folklore in Finland called Finland Svenska Folkdiktning.
	cdbaby.com /cd/joukokyhala (1035 words)

	Take Our Word For It Issue 69
		A real Polish dance is the polonaise (French for "Polish") as are the mazurka (from Polish mazurka, "woman of the Polish province Mazovia", via French masurka), the cracovienne (French for "woman of Cracow") and the varsovienne (French for "woman of Warsaw").
		The dance which is known in the U.S. as the cha-cha is known in Cuba, its country of origin, as the cha-cha-cha.
		It may well have developed from a ritual dance as its name is believed to be a form of legba or legua, the name of the supreme god in certain West African religions.
	www.takeourword.com /Issue069.html (2041 words)

	EUROPEJSKIE MIASTO KULTURY
		Yet, a break in its understanding was done by the American artists of the 1960s and 1970s who “coining, together with painters, actors, and musicians, new notions of happening and performance art liquidated also the divide into dance and non-dance movements, which favoured the gradual dissolution of borders between the individual arts.
		As one of the prime names in American dance, Limon used his work of a choreographer to introduce changes in the perception of the male dancer.
		His dance technique is based on the style and philosophy of theatre as professed by the harbingers of contemporary dance: Doris Humphrey and Charles Weidman.
	www.krakow2000.pl /2000_wydarzenia_a/july_krakow2000_dance.htm (622 words)

	Scandinavian Folk Music and Dance Resource Guide
		Dialect/regional dance tunes (springar and gangar) and listening tunes are played as well as the newer dance tunes which include the waltz, reinlender, mazurka and polka.
		Dance and music variations occur from village to village and between the individual musicians and dancers.
		Typically these are couples dances whereby the couple is turning clockwise, but circling around the room in a counterclockwise direction.
	www.kansasfolk.org /heritage/nordic.htm (1852 words)

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