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	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Polycystic ovary disease
		Polycystic ovaries; Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS); Stein-Leventhal syndrome; Polyfollicular ovarian disease.
		Polycystic ovary disease is characterized by enlarged ovaries with multiple small cysts, an abnormally high number of follicles at various states of maturation, and a thick, scarred capsule surrounding each ovary.
		The syndrome was originally reported by Stein and Leventhal in 1935 when they described a group of women with amenorrhea (absence of menses), infertility, hirsutism (unwanted hair growth in women), and enlarged polycystic ovaries.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000369.htm (858 words)

	ivf-infertility.com \| Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
		The condition, polycystic ovarian syndrome, known as PCOS, is the commonest cause of ovulation disorders in women of reproductive age and is a familial condition.
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome is frequently associated with weight gain, excessive hair growth in the face and body, irregular and infrequent periods or absent periods, infrequent or absent ovulation, miscarriage and infertility.
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) accounts for 90% of women with oligomenorrhoea (infrequent periods) and 30% of women with amenorrhoea (absent of periods) and over 70% of women with anovulation.
	www.ivf-infertility.com /infertility/pcos.php (982 words)

	eMJA: Kidson, Polycystic ovary syndrome: a new direction in treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with insulin resistance, with consequent hyperinsulinaemia and (frequently) hyperlipidaemia and obesity.
		An ovarian ultrasound study found that 46% of women undergoing coronary angiography for ischaemic heart disease before the age of 60 years had polycystic ovaries and that the degree of coronary narrowing was greater than in the remaining 54%.
		Correlation of hyperandrogenism with hyperinsulinism in polycystic ovary disease.
	www.mja.com.au /public/issues/nov16/kidson/kidson.html (3206 words)

	Disease Profile for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS
		Stein-Leventhal syndrome, polycystic ovaries, sclerocystic ovaries, polycystic ovarian disease, PCOS, PCOD, PCO, anovulation with hyperandrogenism
		Of women who are felt to have polycystic ovarian syndrome on a clinical and laboratory basis but not on ultrasound criteria, 66-82% have the classic ultrasound appearance expected of polycystic ovaries (9, 10).
		Some instances of polycystic ovarian syndrome associated with male pattern baldness are thought to be due to an autosomal dominant genetic defect (13) but it is important to note that this does not explain all cases (14).
	www.wdxcyber.com /dxinf001.htm (1184 words)

	Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome, also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is a condition that impairs ovarian function and is a common cause of infertility.
		The main symptom of polycystic ovary syndrome is irregular or absent periods.
		The cause of polycystic ovarian syndrome is not fully understood.
	www.southerncross.co.nz /sx_internet?0D4D3293-99F8-43C2-86D0-B15B99748A62 (700 words)

	Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
		Polycystic (literally, many cysts) ovary syndrome (PCOS or PCO) is a complex condition that affects the ovaries (the organs in a woman's body that produce eggs).
		The ovaries are polycystic, with many small follicles scattered under the surface of the ovary (usually more than 10 or 15 in each ovary) and almost none in the middle of the ovary.
		Ovarian diathermy (surgery that uses heat to alter ovarian function) is thought to reduce the amount of androgen secreting tissue in the ovaries, leading to resumption of ovulation in up to 80 per cent of women.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /womenshealth/facts/pcos.htm (2886 words)

	Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a set of clinical findings and not a disease itself.
		It is most likely this syndrome does not represent one disease process but several disease processes which result in a similar clinical presentation.
		Because of the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple gestation associated with COH, this approach is used as a secondary treatment.
	www2.mc.duke.edu /depts/obgyn/ivf/pco.htm (1136 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Stein-Leventhal Syndrome, Polycystic Ovarian Disorder, Hyperandrogenic ...
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder that results in abnormal hormone levels in a woman.
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome often begins with puberty and worsens with time.
		Polycystic ovaries may be normal in size, or they may be enlarged, with smooth, thick coverings.
	www.healthopedia.com /polycystic-ovarian-syndrome (339 words)

	Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Profile for polycystic ovarian syndrome includes general description, incidence, differentiating factors for diagnosis, cause, first choice therapies, and treatments to avoid.
		New thinking on polycystic ovary syndrome, an often-overlooked condition that affects millions of women, is paving the way for therapies that address both its short- and long-term consequences.
		A woman deals with her Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome-caused infertility, her desire to have a baby, and subsequent miscarriage.
	www.medlina.com /polycystic_ovarian_syndrome.htm (750 words)

	icircle > Health > Polycystic ovarian syndrome
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome, or PCOS, is a group of symptoms suffered by some women who have cysts on their ovaries.
		Infertility - many women with polycystic ovarian syndrome are unable to conceive naturally.
		Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, however, produce too much LH, which means that although the ovaries are being overstimulated, the follicles are not being stimulated to ripen and release eggs.
	www.icircle.com /html/FEELGOOD/Common_conditions/ARTICLE/128.html (553 words)

	eMedicine - Polycystic Ovarian Disease (Stein-Leventhal Syndrome) : Article by Greg Marrinan, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Polycystic ovaries have been found with sonography in more than 50% of women with regular menstrual cycles as well; however, most of the women had some degree of hirsutism, acne, or male-pattern baldness.
		Alternatively, the incidental discovery of polycystic ovaries during ultrasonography is not a reliable indicator of polycystic ovaries syndrome.
		Although polycystic ovaries are occasionally identified in patients without polycystic syndrome, this possibility does not relieve the radiologist of the responsibility to report the finding and recommend further clinical and biochemical evaluations.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic565.htm (2883 words)

	RSC Bay Area - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age.
		The most common treatment that allows patients with polycystic ovary syndrome to ovulate and conceive is ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins.
		There is increasing data that hyperinsulinemia produces the hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovary syndrome by increasing ovarian androgen production, particularly testosterone and androstenedione and by decreasing the serum sex hormone binding globulin concentration.
	www.ihr.com /bafertil/articles/pcos.html (952 words)

	Poycystic ovarian syndrome and infertility
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common cause of anovulation and infertility in women.
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome causes irregularities in the menstrual cycle, and sometimes a total lack of periods - amenorrhea.
		A relatively new method of inducing ovulation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome is to use oral medications such as metformin in conjunction with clomiphene citrate.
	www.advancedfertility.com /pco.htm (639 words)

	Description of the Polycystic ovarian disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of reproductive age.
		Presently, ovarian morphology can easily be identified by ultrasound~\cite{Adams1985}, which has revealed that PCOS is not only linked to the "classic Stein-Leventhal syndrome", but women with polycystic ovaries exhibit a wide spectrum of clinical presentations.
		The latter amy be related to hyperinsulinemia, or auto/paracrine abnormalities of the ovaries which amplify the effects of LH in inducing ovarian hyperandrogenism, which further result in formation of follicular atresia.
	www.cs.umu.se /~medinfo/CaseStudies/256_4/Description.html (385 words)

	Fortnightly Review: Polycystic ovarian syndrome: the metabolic syndrome comes to gynaecology -- Hopkinson et al. 317 ...
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common form of anovulatory infertility.
		The aetiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome is uncertain.
		Dunaif A. Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovarian syndrome: mechanisms and implications for pathogenesis.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/317/7154/329 (2656 words)

	eMedicine - Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome : Article by Kathy Silverman, DO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Although earlier descriptions of the syndrome were based on ovarian morphology, approximately 20% of regularly ovulating normal women have polycystic ovaries; therefore, ovarian morphology is no longer an essential requirement for diagnosis.
		This androgen precursor is 60% ovarian and 40% adrenal in derivation.
		Rosenfield RL, Barnes RB, Cara JF: Dysregulation of cytochrome P450c 17 alpha as the cause of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2155.htm (3266 words)

	Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Insulin Lowering Medications
		Polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by anovulation (irregular or absent menstrual periods) and hyperandrogenism (elevated serum testosterone and androstenedione).
		For women in the reproductive age range, polycystic ovary syndrome is a serious, common cause of infertility, because of the endocrine abnormalities which accompany elevated insulin levels.
		We know the polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with increased risk of heart attack and stroke because of the associated heart attack and stroke risk factors, hypertension, obesity, hyperandrogenism, hypertriglyceridemia, and these are to a large degree resolved by therapy with these medications.
	www.ivf.com /pcostreat.html (2164 words)

	eMedicine - Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome : Article by Mukhtar I Khan, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Consequently, a primary ovarian defect was thought to be the main culprit, and the disorder came to be known as polycystic ovarian disease.
		Polycystic ovaries also can be present in other causes of androgen excess and in approximately 20% of healthy women.
		Donesky BW, Adashi EY: Surgically induced ovulation in the polycystic ovary syndrome: wedge resection revisited in the age of laparoscopy.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic2173.htm (2734 words)

	POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME
		This page is intended to provide basic knowledge about the medical condition known as polycystic ovarian syndrome or also known as polycystic ovarian disease.(or poly cystic ovarian disease) It should only be regarded as an educational tool to inform and not to diagnose.
		It is one of the diseases known as a "hormonal imbalance".
		Ovarian function (and the function of most hormones) is regulated by a small gland situated at the base of the brain.In PCO there is a characteristic disturbance in the substances formed and excreted by this gland (the pituitary gland)(see Pituitary Gland; FSH ; LH.
	www.femalehealthmadesimple.com /FileEightFinal.html (1130 words)

	Polycystic ovarian syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition of unknown cause.
		An operation called ovarian drilling can be used to treat women with PCOS who want to become pregnant and are not ovulating.
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated with problems such as, irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth, acne, obesity, infertility and the possible development of diabetes and osteoporosis.
	www.disability.vic.gov.au /dsonline/dsarticles.nsf/pages/Polycystic_ovarian_syndrome?OpenDocument (695 words)

	POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME
		Gabe Mirkin, M.D. One of 20 North American women suffers from polycystic ovary syndrome that often causes obesity, large bones and muscles, hair to grow on faces and bodies, male-pattern baldness, acne, irregular periods.
		Ovarian hyperandrogenism is associated with insulin resistance to both peripheral carbohydrate and whole-body protein metabolism in postpubertal young females: A metabolic study.
		The importance of diagnosing the polycystic ovary syndrome.
	www.drmirkin.com /women/8124.htm (1302 words)

	Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Originally termed Stein Leventhal Syndrome after the investigators who first described it, the disorder is now more commonly known as polycystic ovarian syndrome or PCOS.
		It is important to appreciate that PCOS is a syndrome reflecting multiple potential etiologies and variable clinical presentations.
		The presence of the classic polycystic ovarian morphology alone, however, is insufficient to make the diagnosis in women who have regular ovulatory menstrual cycles or are not hyperandrogenic since this morphology is seen in up to 20 to 25 percent of regularly ovulating normal women.
	www.bouldermedicalcenter.com /Articles/polycystic_ovarian_syndrome.htm (932 words)

	what is polycystic ovarian syndrome
		The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Association of Australia Inc. is … wellbeing.
		… Polycystic ovaries; Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS); Stein-Leventhal syndrome; Polyfollicular ovarian disease.
		Polycystic ovarian syndrome, a common form of infertility, may be the result of an insulin resistance which comes from what is known as metabolic syndrome....(Continue Reading)
	www.touchofclasscomfortinn.com /what-is-polycystic-ovarian.html (299 words)

	Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Sydney, Infertility, Natural Treatment, Australia
		Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition associated with many cysts or closed pouches containing fluid or solid material consisting of 1 or more chambers in the ovary.
		Ablation of ovarian cysts by laser or electrocautery: successfully reduces androgens for approximately 6 months but can cause pelvic adhesions.
		Specific herbal medicines prescribed by a naturopathic practitioner work directly on both the ovaries and the pituitary gland to regulate hormones, drain ovarian cysts, initiate ovulation, correct abnormal bleeding patterns as well as support the adrenal glands and liver.
	www.usenature.com /article_polycystic_ovaries.htm (1809 words)

	Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a syndrom where women makes too much male hormones or testosterone.
		This syndrome is the leading cause of female infertility.
		PCOS is a non-curable syndrome but you can make the symtoms less by the following; Take vitamins, exercise (2-4 hours a day), take Saw Palmento Berry because it helps lower the testosterone in your body, and work with your doctor.
	www.useless-knowledge.com /1234/feb/article011.html (500 words)

	AllRefer Health - Stein-Leventhal Syndrome (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Polycystic Ovaries, Sclerocystic ...
		Stein-Leventhal syndrome is an accumulation of many incompletely developed follicles in the ovaries.
		This condition is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, scanty or absent menses, multiple small cysts on the ovaries (polycystic ovaries), mild hirsutism (excessive hair), and infertility.
		However, an increase in the amount of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is one of the hormones normally produced in the brain by the pituitary gland, may stimulate the underdeveloped ova to mature and be released from the ovary.
	health.allrefer.com /health/stein-leventhal-syndrome-info.html (566 words)

	Study sheds light on the developmental origins of polycystic ovarian syndrome
		This major population study examines maternal factors during pregnancy and their impact on the subsequent development of PCOS, and is the first to reconcile previous conflicting research on the developmental origins of the syndrome.
		The idea that events in very early life can have an enduring, complex and important influence on subsequent disease is referred to as developmental programming, and this research theme has been applied to PCOS recently.
		One pathway may be mediated by high maternal weight in late pregnancy, which is linked to irregular periods in the daughter, and possibly obesity and weight-related reproduction problems.
	www.innovations-report.com /html/reports/studies/report-45748.html (740 words)

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