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Topic: Polyene

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	PolyEnE \| Programmers' Tools
		PolyEnE is able to compress and encrypt most of your programfiles while leaving them in an executeable state.
		To accomplish this, PolyEnE compressand encrypts most parts of the program and then appends a piece of codethat runs when you start the program.
		I stopped developing PolyEnE long before DEP was introduced, so naturally it haven't been tested for DEP compilance..
	programmerstools.org /node/479 (0 words)

	Chemistry 345 Hope College
		Conjugated polyenes are characterized by a structure with alternating p-electron character (double bonds).
		Polyenes are perhaps the most ubiquitous pigment in nature, occurring in organisms ranging in complexity from bacteria to humans.
		For each polyene family, construct a plot of box length against number of C atoms in the polyene chain, fit this data with a straight line (Eq.
	mulliken.chem.hope.edu /~krieg/Chem346_2002/Polyene_lab.html (1478 words)

	MIT Chemistry: Richard R. Schrock
		A wide variety of related triamido/amine ligands for Mo have been prepared and new diamido/bisdonor ligands are being evaluated for vanadium dinitrogen chemistry.
		A third area of research concerns the controlled synthesis of specialty polymers with alkylidene catalysts by either ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclic olefins (e.g., norbornenes or cyclobutenes) or by cyclopolymerization of 1,6-heptadiynes to yield polyenes.
		These polyenes are relatively air stable and dark red to purple.
	web.mit.edu /chemistry/www/faculty/schrock.html (462 words)

	Polyurethane polyene compositions - Patent 4454309
		The hydrophilic polyurethane polyene compositions of the present invention are insoluble in methanol, will form a hydrogel upon immersion in water, are permeable to gases, ions, moisture vapor and other low molecular weight species, are dimensionally stable, even in the presence of boiling water, and exhibit memory.
		The second component of the composition of the present invention is a polyene which may be a polyacrylate obtained by reacting acrylic acid chloride (propenoyl chloride) or methacrylic acid chloride (2-methyl propenoyl chloride) with a polyhydric alcohol.
		The hydrophilic polyurethane polyene compositions of the present invention are dimensionally stable upon repeated exposure to boiling water and have unique physical properties that are of advantage when used in the manufacture of soft contact lens.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4454309.html (3460 words)

	Polyene-lipids: A new tool to image lipids - Nature Methods (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In this study, we explored the potential of polyenes to serve as a general tag for lipids in cell biology studies, showed their superior properties in mimicking natural lipids and demonstrated their application to fluorescence microscopy in living cells.
		Sklar, L.A., Hudson, B.S. and Simoni, R.D. Conjugated polyene fatty acids as membrane probes: preliminary characterization.
		Quesada, E., Acuna, A.U. and Amat-Guerri, F. Synthesis of carboxyl-tethered symmetric conjugated polyenes as fluorescent transmembrane probes of lipid bilayers.
	www.nature.com /nmeth/journal/v2/n1/full/nmeth728.html (5144 words)

	Development of liposomal polyene antibiotics: an historical perspective.
		Polyene antibiotic-induced renal toxicity is believed to be mediated by the drug anchoring to cholesterol within the mammalian cell membrane, resulting in pore formation, abnormal electrolyte flux, decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and eventually a loss of cell viability.
		Polyene antibiotics, Amphotericin B (AmB) (Figure 1A) and Nystatin (Nys) (Figure 1B), derived from fermentation by Streptomyces remain the most effective and widely used compounds in the treatment of both pre-systemic and systemic fungal infections.9,10 However, their administration is limited by dose-dependent toxicities.
		One strategy is to incorporate these polyene antibiotics into lipid-based delivery systems to enhance their therapeutic index by decreasing their rate-limiting toxicity and by increasing target specificity.
	www.ualberta.ca /~csps/JPPS6(1)/K.Wasan/antibiotics.htm (7948 words)

	Polyene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Polyenes are poly-unsaturated organic compounds that contain one or more sequences of alternating double and single carbon-carbon bonds.
		These double carbon-carbon bonds interact in a process known as conjugation, which results in an overall lower energy state of the molecule.
		Many fatty acids are polyenes, and many dyes contain linear polyenes.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/p/po/polyene.html (74 words)

	Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics: Overview - The Merck Veterinary Manual
		A number of polyene antifungal antibiotics has been isolated from various strains of Actinomyces, but only amphotericin B, nystatin, and pimaricin (natamycin) are used in veterinary medicine.
		The polyenes are poorly soluble in water and the common organic solvents.
		The polyenes are quite unstable in aqueous, acidic, or alkaline media but in the dry state, in the absence of heat and light, they remain stable for indefinite periods.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/191301.htm (148 words)

	Lennart Hedlund Software - PolyEnE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		PolyEnE is able to compress and encrypt most of your program files while leaving them in an executeable state.
		To accomplish this, PolyEnE compress and encrypts most parts of the program and then appends a piece of code that runs when you start the program.
		PolyEnE is free for both commercial and non-commercial use.
	hem.passagen.se /polyene (277 words)

	Compositions comprising polybutene EPDM and polyolefin - Patent 4113804
		The polyene may have two or more double bonds, and the double bonds may be conjugated such as in butadiene or isoprene, or non-conjugated.
		The polyene may be open-chain or cyclic, expecially bridged-ring cyclic, and may contain at least 4, preferably at least about 6, carbon atoms up to about 30 or more carbon atoms, preferably up to about 20 carbon atoms.
		The interpolymers prepared from ethylene, propylene are polyene are often referred to as EPDM terpolymers or interpolymers.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4113804.html (5430 words)

	Polyene (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Polyene sind organische Verbindungen, genauer gesagt Kohlenwasserstoffe, die zwei oder mehrere Doppelbindungen enthalten.
		Polyene gehören zur Stoffgruppe der Alkene und können aus linear, verzweigt oder zyklisch aufgebauten Kohlenstoff-Ketten bestehen.
		Nichtkonjugierte Polyene besitzen Doppelbindungen, die durch mindestens zwei CC-Einfachbindungen voneinander getrennt sind.
	www.biologie.de /biowiki/Diene (829 words)

	Polyene
		There is a class of anti-fungal antibiotics which are called polyene antibiotics.
		Their chemical structures feature a large ring of atoms (essentially a cyclic ester ring) containing multiple conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds on one side of the ring and multiple hydroxyl groups bonded to the other side of the ring.
		The series of conjugated double bonds typically absorbs strongly in the ultraviolet-visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, often resulting in the polyene antibiotics having a yellow color.
	www.kiwipedia.com /polyene.html (153 words)

	Loyola Univ. Health Univ. Health Sys- Microbiology & Immunology: Mycology Review Question #15
		The binding of polyene antibiotics to the cytoplasmic membrane of fungi causes:
		When polyene antibiotics, which have a high affinity to sterols, bind to membrane sterols, the membrane loses its normal permeability control.
		Polyene antibiotics do not cause other events immediately or at all.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/DeptWebs/MICROBIO/med/review/myc-q15.htm (113 words)

	MPI.CBG research.
		Polyene lipids are a new generation of fluorescent lipids with unique similarity to natural lipids[1].
		The polyene fluorophore does not interfere with biological or biophysical properties of natural lipids, such as metabolism or preference for ordered or disordered phases.
		This makes polyene lipids the reagent of choice for studying lipid localization in living cells.
	www.mpi-cbg.de /research/groups/thiele/polyene.html (179 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 76
		Three groups of drugs are emphasized: the polyenes, the azoles, and one antimetabolite.
		The polyene compounds are so named because of the alternating conjugated double bonds that constitute a part of their macrolide ring structure (Fig.
		Pimaricin (natamycin), another polyene, is used topically to treat superficial mycotic infections of the eye.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch076.htm (1840 words)

	Energy dependence and reversibility of membrane alterations induced by polyene macrolide antibiotics in Chlorella ...
		When energy production is reduced by removal of all metabolisable substrates or by adding metabolic inhibitors, polyene binding and antifungal effects are also reduced.
		However, it should be emphasised that the interaction of polyene macrolides with artificial lipid membranes is a purely physicochemical process, although the type of permeability pathways induced are similar to those observed in natural membranes
		Using Chlorella vulgaris as a model organism, we demonstrate here that the interaction of polyene macrolides with sensitive cells and the induction of lethal membrane permeability changes are energy-dependent processes or purely physicochemical phenomena, depending on the structure of the antibiotic used.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v281/n5726/abs/281080a0.html (275 words)

	Opposite Effects of Dextran Sulfate 500, the Polyene Antibiotic MS-8209, and Congo Red on Accumulation of the ...
		Opposite Effects of Dextran Sulfate 500, the Polyene Antibiotic MS-8209, and Congo Red on Accumulation of the Protease-Resistant Isoform of PrP in the Spleens of Mice Inoculated Intraperitoneally with the Scrapie Agent -- Beringue et al.
		Coincubation of inoculum with the polyene antibiotic MS-8209 modified slightly the kinetics of PrPres accumulation in the spleen.
		Polyene antibiotics in experimental transmissible subacute spongiform encephalopathies, p.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/74/12/5432 (5321 words)

	Patent 5,965,158
		The polarity of the solution, with the proportion of water preferably being no greater than the proportion of the first organic solvent, is believed to affect the organization of the materials in solution, and thus the nature of the powder that is ultimately formed.
		In another aspect, the present invention relates to a substantially clear, filterable polyene solution, comprising at least one polyene, at least one phospholipid, at least one organic solvent, and a clarifying amount of water.
		It is also believed that the polyene arranges itself in a complex that may be micellular in nature, in the presence of the phospholipids.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/101299OG/5965158_preliposomal101299.htm (748 words)

	Morphology and Polymorphism Control of Organic Polyene Crystals by Tailor-made Auxiliaries (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Configurationally locked polyene crystals grown in the absence and in the presence of their tailor-made auxiliaries, which are slightly modified substrate molecules, were investigated.
		The effects of the tailor-made auxiliaries on the crystal characteristics were investigated by X-ray crystal structure analysis and nonlinear optical and photoluminescent measurements.
		Although the investigated substrate polyene molecules DAT2 and PyT1 show very similar crystal structures in the absence of auxiliaries, in the presence of the tailor-made additives with the same modification of the corresponding substrate molecules, the DAT2 crystal exhibits a morphological change and the PyT1 crystal exhibits a polymorphic change.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/cgdefu/2006/6/i10/abs/cg060293t.html (183 words)

	Evolution of Polyene Dioxygenase Genes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The polyene dioxygenases are a diverse family of proteins, represented in plants, animals and bacteria.
		In plants, polyene dioxygenases are required for Abscissic Acid synthesis, a key hormone in drought response; and for the regulation of branching.
		All plant polyene dioxygenases can be assigned to one of five subfamilies, all five of which are represented in both Arabidopsis and rice.
	www.iscb.org /ismb2003/posters/ibjATmaths.uq.edu.au_G-29.html (174 words)

	Antifungal Activity - The Merck Veterinary Manual
		The polyenes bind to sterol components in the phospholipid-sterol membranes of fungal cells to form complexes that induce physical changes in the membrane.
		The number of conjugated bonds and the molecular size of a particular polyene macrolide influence its avidity for different sterols in fungal cell membranes.
		The polyene antibiotics have broad antifungal activity against organisms ranging from yeasts to filamentous fungi and from saprophytic to pathogenic fungi, but there are great differences between the sensitivities of the various species and strains of fungi.
	www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/191302.htm (403 words)

	Ion Channel Behavior of Amphotericin B in Sterol-Free and Cholesterol- or Ergosterol-Containing Supported ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Differences in the interaction of the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B with cholesterol- or ergosterol-containing phospholipid vesicles: a circular dichroism and permeability study.
		Polyene antibiotic-sterol interactions in membranes of Acholesplasma laidlawii cells and lecithin liposomes.
		Ockman, N. Reflection spectra from monolayers of amphotericin B and amphotericin B-cholesterol spread on water.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/83/6/3245 (4269 words)

	Polyene
		Der Artikel Polyene gehört zur Kategorie: Stoffgruppe, Kohlenwasserstoffe
		Dieses liegt daran, dass aufgrund der sp²-Hybridisierung des Kohlenstoff-Atoms, das an der Einfach- und an der Doppelbindung beteiligt ist (im Fall von 1,3-Butadien in der rechten Abbildung die C-Atome 2 und 3), die bindenden Orbitale keine solche räumliche Ausdehnung haben wie bei einer sp³-Hybridisierung beispielsweise bei den Alkanen.
		Ausgehend von diesen Überlegungen lässt sich zusammenfassend sagen, dass die Doppelbindungen in 1,3-Butadien und anderen konjugierten Polyenen zu einem gewissen Grad Eigenschaften von Einfachbindungen und umgekehrt Einfachbindungen auch einen leichten Doppelbindungscharakter aufweisen.
	www.weblexikon.de /Polyene.html (856 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Genome-Wide Expression Profiling of the Response to Polyene, Pyrimidine, Azole, and ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The effect of polyene, pyrimidine, azole, and echinocandin fungicides were tested for growth inhibition, then microarray experiments were performed to identify gene expression changes that occurred in response to these four fungicide treatments.
		Fingerprints were obtained for all four, which describe all of the gene expression changes that occur in response to these compounds in yeast.
		Taken together, these data shed new light on the mechanisms of action of these classes of antifungal agents and demonstrate the potential utility of gene expression profiling in the antifungal drug development process.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=150277 (665 words)

	Total Synthesis of (+)-Xestoquinone Using an Asymmetric Palladium-Catalyzed Polyene Cyclization (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first total asymmetric synthesis of (+)-xestoquinone (1) has been accomplished in 68% ee by a palladium(0)-catalyzed polyene cyclization of naphthyl triflate 44 using (S)-(+)-BINAP as the chiral ligand.
		Attempts at an asymmetric polyene cyclization using the corresponding naphthyl bromide 41 gave poor enantioselectivities even in the presence of silver salts, thus exemplifying the effect of the coordination state of palladium on the enantioselectivity.
		A new method for the preparation of 6,7-dihydroisobenzofurans is also described using a [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement on a seven-membered cyclic ether precursor.
	pubs.acs.org /subscribe/journals/jacsat/118/i44/abs/ja960807k.html (132 words)

	Polyene
		List shorter words within polyene, sorted by length
		List all words starting with polyene, words containing polyene or words ending with polyene
		All words formed from polyene by changing one letter
	www.morewords.com /word/polyene (194 words)

	APSnet Education Center - Advanced Topics - Xanthomonadins (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Aside from their bromine scavenging ability (15), these pigments are essential for the pathogenic success of the bacterium (see side bar).
		Without the protective action of the polyene chain, the bacteria would be limited in their ability to survive epiphytically.
		Thus, successful entry and establishment of an infection in plant tissues would be drastically diminished.
	www.apsnet.org /education/AdvancedPlantPath/Topics/Xanthomonandins/default.htm (1327 words)

	Fading of Ketchup using Bromine
		-carotene, which gives carrots their orange colour, also lycopene the dye of the tomato is a polyene.
		The color is due to the polyene structure.
		The disruption of the conjugated system, depending on the extent of the bromine addition causes the color change.
	www.uni-regensburg.de /Fakultaeten/nat_Fak_IV/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/D-Ketchup-e.htm (182 words)

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