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Topic: Polyphenol

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	Apple Polyphenols, a Potent Antioxidant- Health and Medical Information
		Polyphenols extracted from apples are also showing promise in treating male pattern baldness, improving skin disorders, and preventing allergic reactions.
		In medical and chemical studies, apple polyphenols are also variously referred to as apple condensed tannins, phenolics, phenolic compounds, antioxidants, flavonoids, apple peel powder, bioflavonoids, phytonutrients, and phytochemicals.
		Other scientists are focusing on apple polyphenols as beneficial in heart disease, allergies, and hair regrowth in male pattern baldness...
	www.applepolyphenols.com (827 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Polyphenol antioxidant
		The main source of polyphenol antioxidants is nutritional, since they are found in a wide array of phytonutrient-bearing foods.
		The regulation chemistry consists of a polyphenol antioxidant’s ability to scavenge free radicals and up-regulate certain metal chelation reactions.
		The polyphenol content of wines is usually evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, which provides an appropriate response to the requirements of wine manufacturers.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Polyphenol_antioxidant (960 words)

	Polyphenol resin, process for its production, epoxy resin composition and its use - Patent 6723801
		The polyphenol resin composition of the present invention thus obtained can be used suitably as a curing agent for an epoxy resin and a membrane-forming component of a varnish.
		The content of the polyphenol resin of the present invention in the varnish is generally content of 10-60%, preferably 20-50% relative to the total amount of the varnish.
		The polyphenol resin thus obtained had a weight-average molecular weight of 12,800 as determined by GPC, a hydroxyl equivalent of 248 g/eq and n in the formula (1) was 7(averaged).
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6723801.html (4596 words)

	Process for the preparation of polyphenol derivatives and dermatives obtained thereby - Patent 4647642
		According to a first embodiment of this process, the polyphenol is of formula: ##STR3## in which R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl radical in C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 or an alkoxy radical in C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 and in which n is an integer between 2 and 6.
		The polyphenol derivatives according to the invention are of considerable interest due to the simultaneous presence of two different types of reactive functions at each end of the macromolecular chain and optionally side groups, i.e.
		This can be obtained with the polyphenol derivatives according to the invention, on the basis of one or other of the two reactive functions present at each end of the molecule and it is then possible to use the second reactive function not used for producing the block polymer for other reactions, e.g.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4647642.html (2497 words)

	Polyphenol Oxidase Activity of Nicotiana glutinosa Leaves infected with Tobacco Mosaic Virus
		In these cases, it seems that the increased rate of respiration varies with various developmental stages of the necrotic lesions, namely, with degrees of brownish discoloration of leaf tissue due to the virus infection.
		When the tissues of the tobacco plant are injured, the polyphenol substances are oxidized and then polymerized by polyphenol oxidase
		Therefore the polyphenol oxidase activity of leaves bearing necrotic lesions has been compared with that of healthy leaves.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v187/n4742/abs/1871048a0.html (186 words)

	The Tea Farm \| Polyphenol
		Polyphenols are a group of vegetable chemical substances, characterized by the presence of more than one phenolic group.
		The polyphenols are responsible for the coloring of some plants.
		Polyphenols have been shown to be strong antioxidants with potential health benefits.
	www.theteafarm.com /tea_polyphenols.asp (159 words)

	Flavay ®: The Authentic and Original Patented Polyphenol Complex
		R.K. Flavay® is the authentic, standardized and isolated, singular polyphenol complex defined, patented and discovered by Dr. Jack Masquelier, inventor of U.S. Patent No. 4,698,360.
		Flavay® is comprised of pairs and triples of a specific molecule called, “flavan-3-ol.” This highly defined, polyphenol complex now known as Flavay® is proven fully bioavailable, safe and effective by numerous human studies, manufactured in France and used worldwide since 1950.
		This polyphenol complex, now known as Flavay®, has been extensively tested and examined clinically for biological antioxidant protection, collagen strengthening, tissue rebuilding, and other health-producing outcomes.
	www.healthysource.net (500 words)

	polyphenol isolate : Skinfo® - Specialty Skincare Boutique
		Polyphenols, or flavonoids, are chemical compounds with larger molecules, found in all plant leaves, bark, fruits and flowers.
		Polyphenols are known powerful antioxidants acting as free radical scavengers by their electron and hydrogen donating capabilities.
		Isolation is a process that refers to separating the polyphenols from their source through varying methods including dehydration, rehydration and centrifuge, then extracting its DNA and synthesizing the molecular structure.
	www.skinfo.com /pages/polyphenol_isolate/37.php (306 words)

	Polyphenol definition - Cholesterol Information Produced by Doctors For Patients Experiencing High Cholesterol Levels
		Polyphenol: A kind of chemical that (at least in theory) may protect against some common health problems and possibly certain effects of aging.
		Polyphenols can also block the action of enzymes that cancers need for growth and they can deactivate substances that promote the growth of cancers.
		Teas and polyphenols isolated from tea have been shown in the laboratory to act as scavengers of oxygen and nitrogen-free radicals, protecting the fatty membranes of cells, proteins and DNA.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=16619 (265 words)

	Green tea extract polyphenol may have a protective effect on Parkinson's Disease
		Researchers have now shown that green tea polyphenols may also have a protective effect on Parkinson’s disease, according to a study presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology.
		The main pathologic and biochemical characteristic of Parkinson’s disease is the selective cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain called substantia nigra and marked decrease in dopamine neurotransmitter produced by these neurons.
		Clinical effects of polyphenol on human Parkinson’s disease patients remain to be studied.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-04/aaon-gte040502.php (391 words)

	Polyphenol Oxidase Activity Expression in Ralstonia solanacearum -- Hernández-Romero et al. 71 (11): 6808 -- ...
		Polyphenol oxidase in Azospirillum lipoferum isolated from rice rhizosphere: evidence for laccase activity in non-motile strains of Azospirillum lipoferum.
		Regulation of polyphenol oxidase activities and melanin synthesis in Marinomonas mediterranea: identification of ppoS, a gene encoding a sensor histidine kinase.
		A pluripotent polyphenol oxidase from the melanogenic marine Alteromonas sp.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/71/11/6808 (4718 words)

	Polyphenol-enriched tea may double cholesterol excretion
		The health benefits, which have mainly focused on green tea, have been linked to the polyphenol content of the tea.
		The four primary polyphenols found in fresh tealeaves are epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epicatechin.
		More research with a larger study population is needed, in addition to mechanistic studies to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which the polyphenols appear to reduce fat absorption.
	www.nutraingredients.com /news/ng.asp?n=72011-tea-polyphenol-egcg (677 words)

	Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos - Effect of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and air treatments on total phenol and tannin ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The use of exogenous polyphenol oxidase (PPO) proved to be useful to reduce polyphenol content in cocoa nibs.
		Polyphenol reduction during drying was attributed to enzymatic browning followed by non-enzymatic browning from quinone polymerization.
		The polyphenol oxidase from mushrooms reduced the total phenol content in cocoa nibs by 20%, which was lower than that obtained by PPO of Coriolus versicolor for the same time of treatment [19] and of Anona squamosa after 6 hours of treatment [3], both presented a 25% reduction.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612002000100008&lng=en&nrm=iso (2067 words)

	MDidea Extracts Professional:Standardized Herbal Extracts Series:Apple Peel and Core Extract.Apple Polyphenols.Narrative
		In the known polyphenolic extracts, the proportions between the various phenolic molecules are conserved relative to the proportions present in the various starting materials, with the exception of the polymeric procyanidins, which are lost or degraded during the extraction.
		Polyphenolic extracts rich in hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and coumaric acid) and in flavanols (catechin, epicatechin and procyanidins), and poor in dihydrochalcones (phloridzin and phloretin) are thus conventionally obtained.
		The polyphenolic fraction in accordance with the invention comprises at least 20% by weight of polyphenols and preferably 50%, at least 10% by weight of which is composed of phloridzin, and preferably between 10% and 70%.
	www.mdidea.com /products/herbextract/applepolyphenols/data.html (5373 words)

	IIT Kharagpur develops polyphenol extraction tech
		Polyphenols, polymers of phenol, have the property of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.
		"Polyphenol is slowly becoming popular as a raw material for the drug and pharma and cosmetics industries due to its anti-oxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties.
		Mondal said that the average cost involved to set up project with a capacity of producing 100 gm of polyphenol powder per day would be around Rs 20 lakh (rs 2 million), of which Rs 15 lakh (Rs 1.5 million) would be equipment cost and the remaining for raw materials for one year.
	www.rediff.com /money/2006/sep/01iit.htm (363 words)

	polyphenol
		Polyphenols are complexes of multiple rings linked together.
		There are lots of different polyphenols, and they provide the different colors to fruits and vegetables.
		Dark colored fruits like blueberries contain more polyphenols and are thus better for your health.
	www.beloit.edu /~nutritio/polyphenols.htm (389 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		A polyphenol antioxidant is a type of antioxidant characterized by the presence of several phenol functional groups.
		The regulation chemistry consists of a polyphenol antioxidant's ability to scavenge free radicals and up-regulate certain metal chelation reactions.
		The polyphenol content of wines is usually evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, which provides an appropriate response to the requirements of wine manufacturers.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=polyphenol_antioxidant (1383 words)

	Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter - Polyphenol oxidase activity as an index for screening mango ( Mangifera indica L.) ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Phenolic compounds are believed to impart resistance to diseases in plants and polyphenol oxidase (catecholase and cresolase) enzyme has been reported to be responsible for in vivo synthesis and accumulation of these compounds (Mayer and Harel1979; Vaughan and Duke1984).
		Thus, the level of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in the early years of plant growth or in the flush of vegetative growth may provide an estimate of synthesis of phenolic compounds in the plants, which may in turn be correlated to susceptibility or resistance to floral malformation (Sharma et al.
		Polyphenol oxidase activity and phenolic content pattern during shoot development of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in different growing seasons.
	www.ipgri.cgiar.org /pgrnewsletter/article.asp?id_article=9&id_issue=124 (1277 words)

	Polyphenol oxidase (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Polyphenol oxidase (PPO, EC 1.14.18.1) was extracted from quince (Cydonia oblonga) by...
		Non-Systemic Induction of Polyphenol oxidase in pea and chickpea...
		Attempts were made to study the differential expression of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), a presumed anti-herbivore enzyme, in response to wounding in pea and...
	www.republika.pl /belstar/glucose/polyphenoloxidase.html (731 words)

	The Oolong Tea \| Oolong Tea,Source of Health
		Thus, polyphenol is a general term for phenolic hydroxyl compounds and no single substance called polyphenol exists.
		Polyphenol has a wide variety of chemical substances with different effects and most varieties of polyphenol that are highly topical these days are the group of substances that have been known as tannin for a long time.
		Compared with those contained in other plants, the polyphenols found in tea leaves consist of many different kinds of small polyphenols, which are assumed to give it its unique effects.
	www.oolongtea.org /e/health/02.html (204 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Researchers have now shown that green tea polyphenols may also have a protective effect on Parkinson's disease, according to a study presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Neurology.
		The main pathologic and biochemical characteristic of Parkinson's disease is the selective cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain called substantia nigra and marked decrease in dopamine neurotransmitter produced by these neurons.
		Clinical effects of polyphenol on human Parkinson's disease patients remain to be studied.
	www.intelihealth.com /IH/ihtPrint/WSIHW000/333/28815/348708.html?hide=t&k=basePrint (270 words)

	Polyphenol deposition in leaf hairs of Olea europaea (Oleaceae) and Quercus ilex (Fagaceae) -- Karabourniotis et al. 85 ...
		Polyphenol deposition in leaf hairs of Olea europaea (Oleaceae) and Quercus ilex (Fagaceae) -- Karabourniotis et al.
		Polyphenol deposition in leaf hairs of Olea europaea (Oleaceae) and Quercus ilex (Fagaceae)
		polyphenol compounds during the development of the multicellular
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/abstract/85/7/1007 (280 words)

	CCFRA - Campden and Chorleywood Food Research Association - Methods in polyphenol analysis
		Polyphenols play an important role in determining the colour, taste and astringency of a range of fruits, vegetables, other foods, and beverages such as wine.
		Analysis of food and drink for polyphenols is therefore important but is complicated by the chemical complexity and diversity of polyphenols and the need to extract them from the food or drink before analysis.
		It concentrates on developments with methods of polyphenol extraction from foods and biological fluids, and the subsequent analysis and characterisation of polyphenol mixtures using techniques such as liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance.
	www.campden.co.uk /publ/pubfiles/jls_4719.htm (329 words)

	MDidea Extracts Professional:Proper Special Extracts Series:Apple Peel extracts.Apple polyphenol extracts.Narrative
		This work suggests that there is a beneficial interaction between fruit fiber and polyphenolic components and also supports the benefits of eating whole fruits as opposed to dietary supplements.
		Researchers in Japan have found that apple polyphenol extract, specifically procyanidin B-2, is extremely effective in regrowing hair in human male test subjects over 4 to 6 months.
		The polyphenol bioavailability of apple peel powder extracts is far higher than from whole apples, which must be digested to extract the phytochemicals.
	www.mdidea.com /products/proper/proper007.html (8278 words)

	Product Abstract: Green Tea
		Pretreatment with 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal tea polyphenol 5 days before isoproterenol administration decreased malonyldehyde concentration, and creatine phosphokinase and lactic dehydrogenase activities, and inhibited the extent of myocardial injury similar to the action of propranolol.
		Polyphenols contained in urine, feces, whole blood, blood serums, food and tea were analyzed by the spectrophotometry method of Wah Lau et al.
		Thus, ample but safe intakes of selenium, green-tea polyphenols, and cruciferous vegetables, in the context of a diet low in fat and assimilable iron, can be expected to prolong the efficacy of drug therapy in subjects infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
	www.lef.org /prod_hp/abstracts/php-ab_green_tea.html (4360 words)

	[No title]
		Although many foods have polyphenols, due to soil type and exposure to the sun these complex mixtures are often poorly characterized.
		Because polyphenols are found in higher concentrations in the outer parts of fruits and vegetables, peeling alone can eliminate a significant portion of its beneficial value.
		They are whole extracts so they have the entire range of polyphenols present in the original fruit, but virtually none of the insulin-raising sugar.
	www.mercola.com /2004/jun/16/pure_polyphenols.htm (830 words)

	Food Resource, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
		Polyphenol oxidases catalyze the oxidation of phenolic compounds in the presence of molecular oxygen.
		Polyphenol oxidases have copper in the prosthetic group.
		The copper content of mushroom polyphenol oxidase, for example, is 0.2 percent and it appears in univalent form (Kertesz, 1966).
	food.oregonstate.edu /ref/plant/weaver/r1.html (244 words)

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