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Topic: Polypyrrole

	Organic Semiconductors, Organic Metals, and Conductive Organic Polymers
		In a series of papers in 1963, Australians DE Weiss and coworkers reported high conductivity in iodine-"doped" oxidized polypyrrole fls.
		This was the "ON" state of a bistable switch using DOPA Melanin, a mixed copolymer of polyacetylene, polypyrrole, and polyacetylene.
		This uses oxidized iodinated polypyrrole rather than oxidized iodinated polyacetylene, but is otherwise rather similar to what nominally won the Nobel.
	www.organicsemiconductors.com (741 words)

	U.S. Patent: 6214260 - Conductive elastomeric foams by in-situ vapor phase polymerization of pyrroles - April 10, 2001
		Polypyrrole is ordinarily synthesized by either oxidative, chemical or electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole.
		The amount of polypyrrole produced upon exposure to pyrrole vapor was dependent on the iron(III) chloride concentration in the foam.
		No polypyrrole debris was observed either when the foam was cut for scanning electron microscopy or in the micrograph, which indicates that the polymerization technique effectively isolates the conductive polymer within the dense polymer phase.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat6214260.html (4586 words)

	Biomedical Engineering
		Polypyrrole is of interest for tissue engineering and other purposes because it is a non-toxic plastic that conducts electricity.
		The newly gained ability to attach proteins to polypyrrole, she said, will mean that growth-enhancing factors could also be linked to this plastic wrapping, further stimulating neurite regeneration.
		In this case, the surface was a layer of polypyrrole, and the resistance of the peptide-coated tip to being passed across the surface revealed how well T59 clung to the plastic.
	www.bme.utexas.edu /news/Schmidt2.cfm (820 words)

	Publications
		A polypyrrole (PPy)/conducting polymer/gold trilayer is used as a model system, with the aim of reducing stress at the weak polymer/gold interface.
		The curvature of the bilayers was examined as a function of PPy and Au layer thicknesses to enable a determination of the actuation strain and Young’s modulus of the PPy(DBS).
		The microstructures are actuated by an electroactive polymer, polypyrrole (PPy).
	www.wam.umd.edu /~smela/publications.htm (12562 words)

	OhioLINK ETD: Wainright, Jesse
		The relative mobility of various ions in polypyrrole was found to be primarily a function of the size of the ions.
		Polypyrrole films deposited from perchlorate solutions were found to retain charge capacity even after 1000 oxidation/reduction cycles, although the films became porous and their electrical conductivity dropped.
		Polypyrrole films deposited from NaPSS solutions that were cycled in 0.1 M CsCl were found to contain excess amounts of Cs and Cl, and were highly stressed after drying.
	www.ohiolink.edu /etd/view.cgi?case1056463837 (219 words)

	Transport Phenomena Investigation Towards Molecular Devices
		Polypyrrole is one of the most important electronic materials among the heterocyclic conducting polymers [13] and one of the most extensively studied conductive polymers.
		When polypyrrole films are in conducting forms, the anions which are affiliated with the cationically charged polymer chains, have been found to be 10-35% by weight.
		The electrochemical deposition of polypyrrole was carried in a cell consisting of three electrodes, where glass indium-tin-oxide plate served as working electrode (sheet resistivity 20 Ohmcm), platinum as counter and AgAgCl as reference electrode.
	www.foresight.org /Conferences/MNT05/Papers/Nicolini4/index.html (3486 words)

	Conducting polymer films containing nanodispersed catalyst particles: a new type of composite material for ...
		The polypyrrole loading in the composite was 79, 102, 196 and 96.mu.g in Curves (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) respectively.
		Jakobs et al., using the RRDE technique, concluded that polypyrrole is permeable to O.sub.2, and the ORR mainly occurs at the support metal (pt)/polypyrrole interface.
		A systematic increase in n with the platinum content of the polypyrrole film is observed, although the values depart from the 2e.sup.-- and 4e.sup.-- stoichiometry expected for the ORR for the peroxide and water routes respectively.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5334292.html (15355 words)

	Division of Mathematics and Natural Sciences: Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics
		Polypyrrole is known to be a thermally stable material. Thermal gravimetric analysis of the polypyrrole intercalated Bi Sr
		C. This behavior is quite similar to that of polypyrrole. Figure 5.2 shows the thermal gravimetric analysis of both materials. The similarities in these measurements and the fact that pyrrole itself has a boiling point of 130
		Conductivity and magnetic studies reveal an increase in the resistivity and a loss of superconductivity after polypyrrole intercalation. This is likely due to the release of protons which is expected during the polymerization process according to Equation 5.1.
	www.bpc.edu /mathscience/faculty/jones/chapter_5_05.html (957 words)

	News Release 10/2005: Engineer receives $1.05 million for assessing biomedical promise of electrically active plastic
		The plastic, called polypyrrole, is a man-made, electrically conducting plastic (polymer) with broad biomedical potential that has been successfully linked to a natural molecule so it can interact with nerve cells or other body components.
		For these nerve-guidance experiments, the polypyrrole is coated on the inside surface of a tube, or channel, that is sewn into the space between the two ends of a cable-like extension of a nerve that was cut.
		In this case, polypyrrole could serve as a component of electrodes used to monitor the activity of nerve cells in the brain, or to stimulate these cells in diseases like Parkinson’s.
	www.utexas.edu /opa/news/2005/10/engineering10.html (1056 words)

	_SURFACE MORPHOLOGY STUDIES OF POLYPYRROLE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The electropolymerisation of polypyrrole films were performed on platinum and glassy carbon electrodes.
		In order to clarify the influence of various experimental conditions on the surface morphology the parameters varied were the nature of dopant anion (chloride, sulfate, perchlorate, dodecylsulfate), the nature of solvent (water, acetonitrile) and film thickness (90 - 8200 nm).
		The thickness of the polypyrrole film was estimated from charge passed during synthesis using the relationship confirmed by profilometric measurements 400 mC cm
	osoon.ut.ee /~aks/teesid/silk.htm (250 words)

	Glucose Sensors Based on Glucose Oxidase Immobilized in Polypyrrole-Polyacrylamide Microparticles
		Soluble, polypyrrole has been synthesized by the incorporation of the sulphonate dopant anion which renders the polymer soluble in water.
		The soluble polypyrrole was incorporated in the aqueous phase of a W/O concentrated emulsion, together with different amounts of the monomer acrylamide and the crosslinker bisacrylamide.
		The polymerization of the aqueous dispersed phase produces microparticles with average size 4.5 mm in which the soluble polypyrrol is entrapped.
	www.nsti.org /BioNano2004/showabstract.html?absno=189 (205 words)

	Structural Polymers (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Neuronal cells cultured on polypyrrole films show enhanced growth and axon elongation as currents are passed through the polypyrrole films.
		Polypyrrole can also be polymerized to include ECM molecules as side chains and ECM molecules.
		After coating these nanoparticles with polypyrrole or polypyrrole/ HA composite they would be ameanable to 3D freeform solid printing on the MicroFab printer using Tisseel (two part fibrin/thrombin) as a binder.
	home.earthlink.net /~klreed/sescrc/id4.html (367 words)

	RUBYCON CORPORATION
		It reacts with various chemical oxidants to polymerize to form Polypyrrole (Figure 2) which is in the state of a fl powder.
		Cathode electrodes are connected thru-hole and anode electrodes are connected by wire bonding to the outer termination.
		Polypyrrole that is used on cathode has an electronic conduction property that promotes low resistance with minimal affect at low temperatures.
	www.rubycon.co.jp /en/notes/pccon.html (893 words)

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