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Topic: Polystichum munitum

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	polystichum acrostichoides, christmas fern, polystichum makinoi, makino's holly, polystichum munitum, western sword ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Polystichum neolobatum is an unusual fern with narrow, stiff, glossy fronds held in an upright vase.
		Polystichum polyblepharum is a robust fern that forms an arching vase of stiff, glossy fronds from a creeping, crown-forming rhizome.
		Polystichum tsus-simense is a diminutive fern that bears triangular to lance-shaped, deep green fronds from a creeping, crown-forming rhizome.
	www.todays-gardener.com /perennials-polystichum.html (464 words)

	Biogeography of swordfern (Polystichum munitum)
		Polystichum munitum is a typical fern in its morphology.
		Polystichum munitum, in common with other plants, can reproduce vegetatively, that is, by the branching of its rhizome (Frankel, 1981).
		About 55 species of Polystichum occur in the American tropics, where they tend to be found in similar places as their temperate cousins, as adjusted for the tropics: moist montane and cloud forests, stream banks and ravines, the occasional cliff or rocky slope (Tryon and Tryon, 1982).
	bss.sfsu.edu /geog/bholzman/courses/Fall00Projects/swordfern.html (1835 words)

	Polystichum munitum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org
		One of the most abundant ferns in the western flora (rivaled only by Pteridium), Polystichum munitum also is of significant economic importance.
		Polystichum munitum appears to be most closely related to P.
		From an evolutionary standpoint, Polystichum munitum is a diploid progenitor of P.
	www.efloras.org /florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200004619 (267 words)

	Polystichum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org
		Polystichum acrostichoides appears to share a Tertiary common ancestor with P.
		munitum are known to have sclereid clusters in their pith.
		Polystichum imbricans lacks such clusters, and data are not available for the other species.
	www.efloras.org /florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=126461 (850 words)

	Gardening - Native Ferns (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Polystichum munitum (munitum meaning armed, with teeth) is a robust perennial forming a stout clump of laddered or pinnate fronds, which are lance- or sword-shaped in outline, often curving to one side in the upper half.
		In the wild, P. munitum is found from upper Baja California north to Alaska and western Montana, and is particularly abundant west of the Cascade Mountains.
		Polystichum munitum has a long history of use by Native Americans as a drug to help numb the pain of childbirth, for the treatment of burns and sores, and as a food-for which the rhizomes are steamed, boiled, or pit baked.
	www.cnps-yerbabuena.org /gard_lancaster_ferns.html (985 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Polystichum munitum (western swordfern) \| USDA PLANTS
		PLANTS Profile for Polystichum munitum (western swordfern)
		Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl occures in the following states: Alaska, California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Washington
		Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl – western swordfern
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=POMU (193 words)

	Polystichum munitum Western Sword Fern.
		Polystichum munitum tolerates part sun, full shade,and deer.
		Polystichum munitum's foliage color is Green, and type is Evergreen.
		If the numbers are zero, there is a reason.
	www.laspilitas.com /plants/526.htm (240 words)

	polystichummunitum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Morphometric evidence of hybrid swarms in mixed populations of Polystichum munitum and Polystichum imbricans (Dryopteridaceae).
		Allozymic and chloroplast DNA analyses of polyploidy in Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae): I. The origins of Polystichum californicum and Polystichum scopulinum.
		Population structure and estimates of gene flow in the homosporous fern Polystichum munitum.
	www.newcrops.uq.edu.au /listing/polystichummunitum.htm (525 words)

	Natural History Research Paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The sporangia of sword-fern cluster in brown dot-like structures called sori (the singular is called sorus), which line the back of each leaflet of the frond.
		Sporangia split open and the spores drift to the ground where they germinate only if it is moist.
		A stiffer narrow-leaved species of sword-fern, called imbricate sword-fern (Polystichum imbricans) grows among boulders and in rock crevices in dry usually open settings.
	www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca /nh_papers/nativeplants/polymuni.html (790 words)

	Evidence for natural selection in a fern hybrid zone -- Kentner and Mesler 87 (8): 1168 -- American Journal of Botany
		Table 2. Numbers and relative frequencies (in parentheses) of Polystichum in the pure populations and Swede Creek pooled strata with (A) the two cpDNA haplotypes, (B) the Fe-3 genotypes, and (C) the four indusium margin scores.
		Hardig, T. 1995 A morphometric and molecular investigation of hybridization between Polystichum munitum, and P.
		Mullenniex, A. 1996 A molecular and morphometric investigation of hybridization between the two fern species Polystichum munitum and P.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/87/8/1168 (4591 words)

	Major evolutionary events in the origin and diversification of the fern genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) -- Little ...
		Polystichum Roth is one of the 10 largest genera of ferns, having
		Roux J. 2000 The genus Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) in Africa.
		Zhang L. Kung 1996a A taxonomic study of the fern genus Polystichum sect.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/90/3/508 (4003 words)

	[No title]
		Generally the prickly pinnae are long, narrow, and pointed.
		The characteristic polystichum "thumb", or auricle, which is a projection of the upper edge of the pinna next to the rachis, is easily spotted on this fern.
		Close scrutiny of large populations yield quite an interesting range of slight pinnae modulations, from various degrees of pinnatifidness, to twists to the pinnae at various points, to the setoseness of the edges.
	www.fancyfronds.com /store/getdisweed.cfm?ItemID=79 (87 words)

	Home - The Olympian - Olympia, Washington (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The native sword fern (Polystichum munitum), for example, grows in the sun as well as the shade.
		Its relative the rock fern (Polystichum scopulinum) can be found growing in sun-baked rocky slopes high in the mountains.
		Cousins of the sword fern include the Divided Soft Shield Fern (Polystichum setiferum), Tassel Fern (Polystichum polyblepharum) and the Long-Eared Holly Fern (Polystichum neolobatum) -- all are easy-to-grow evergreen ferns.
	www.theolympian.com /home/specialsections/Home/20050326/113302.shtml (792 words)

	[No title]
		munitum is found in moist forests, mostly below 2500 feet elevation; from Monterery County north to Alaska and east to western Montana.
		A California Flora and Supplement, Munz, P., University of California Press, Berkeley and London, 1973.
		Propagation protocol for production of container Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl plants (4 inch pots); Golden Gate National Parks, San Francisco, California.
	www.nativeplantnetwork.org /network/view.asp?protocol_id=662 (198 words)

	Central Washington Native Plant List (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) C. Presl- Common Sword Fern
		Polystichum californicum (D.C. Eaton) Diels in Engler & Prantl- California Sword Fern
		Polystichum kruckebergii W.H. Wagner- Kruckeberg's Holly Fern (irregularly from NW WA to Cal)
	www.cwnp.org /flora/listd.html (75 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The lower canopy or forest floor includes such species as wild ginger (Asarum caudatum), sword fern (Polystichum munitum), and star flower (Trientalis latifolia) (Evens 1993; Kozloff and Beidleman 1994).
		Wild ginger (Asarum caudatum) and sword fern (Polystichum munitum) are found in the moist areas of the Douglas fir forest that form a closed canopy, such as the stretch along Olema Creek.
		One of the most notable amphibians found here is the pacific giant salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus) which can be observed near streams and under fallen trees (Evens 1993; Johnston 1994; Kricher 1993).
	www.sfsu.edu /~geog/bholzman/ptreyes/tripdglc.htm (189 words)

	Wholesale Nursery Plant Buyer's Guide. Plant Index: Polypodium formosanumTo Portulaca grandiflora 'Sundial Mix'
		Polystichum polyblepharum - Fern: Japanese Tassel Fern; Bristle Fern
		Polystichum setiferum 'Divisilobum' - Fern: Divisilobum Soft Shield Fern
		Polystichum tsus-simense - Fern: Tsus Sima Fern; Korean Rock Fern
	www.growit.com /Plants/Growers/SN/Index79.htm (929 words)

	Polystichum setiferum: VanDusen Seed Collectors' Store Seed Store (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Polystichum setiferum: VanDusen Seed Collectors' Store Seed Store
		For maximum freshness, please keep seed refrigerated in its original packaging until it is time to plant.
		For maximum freshness, please keep fern spore refrigerated in its original packaging until it is time to plant.
	vandusen.plantexplorers.com /product_info.php/products_id/549 (55 words)

	PLANTS Profile for Polystichum imbricans ssp. imbricans (narrowleaf swordfern) \| USDA PLANTS
		View 33 genera in Dryopteridaceae, 27 species in Polystichum, 2 subspecies in Polystichum imbricans (D.C. Eat.) D.H. Wagner
		Polystichum imbricans (D.C. Eat.) D.H. Wagner – narrowleaf swordfern
		View species account and distribution map from Flora of North America (FNA).
	plants.usda.gov /java/profile?symbol=POIMI (102 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Similar to the middle canopy, the lower understory thrives in the cool shade and moist, protected environment offered by the towering redwood trees.
		The western sword fern (Polystichum munitum), along with several other species of fern, seeks the coolest and shadiest portions of the forest (Bakker 1984; Kricher 1993).
		Other herbaceous species found in the lower canopy consist of giant horsetail (Equisetum telmateia), coastal shield fern (Polystichum californicum), licorice fern (Polypodium glycyrrhiza), lady fern (Athyrium filix-femina var.
	www.sfsu.edu /~geog/bholzman/ptreyes/triprdlc.htm (237 words)

	Polystichum munitum (Sword Fern, Western Sword Fern, Christmas Fern, Sword Holly Fern) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Polystichum munitum (Sword Fern, Western Sword Fern, Christmas Fern, Sword Holly Fern)
		I grow Polystichum munitum (Sword Fern, Western Sword Fern, Christmas Fern, Sword Holly Fern) and many other Northwest Native Plants here in my Nursery and Gardens in the Willamette Valley in Western Oregon.
		I specialize in Northwest Native Plants and sell both Wholesale and Retail, depending on quantity.
	www.nwplants.com /plants/ferns/dryopteridacea/polystichum_munitum (1300 words)

	Acclaim Images - polystichum munitum photos, stock photos, pictures, polystichum munitum stock photography
		Acclaim Images - polystichum munitum photos, stock photos, pictures, polystichum munitum stock photography
		polystichum munitum posters and prints - polystichum munitum clipart
		polystichum munitum photos, stock photos, pictures, polystichum munitum stock photography
	www.acclaimimages.com /search_terms/polystichum_munitum.html (127 words)

	Species: Polystichum munitum
		Soltis, P. S.; Soltis, D. Population structure and estimates of gene flow in the homosporous fern Polystichum munitum.
		Soltis, P. S.; Soltis, D. E.; Wolf, P. G.; Riley, J. Electrophoretic evidence for interspecific hybridization in Polystichum.
		Wagner, David H. Systematics of Polystichum in western North America north of Mexico.
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/fern/polmun/all.html (3325 words)

	Long Acre Plants Polystichum
		Native hard shield fern with glossy stiff leathery fronds.; Tolerant of most soils and happy with some chalk in the soil.; Evergreen.
		Highly divided glossy fronds.; A lovely polystichum. Evergreen.
		(P. munitum var imbricans) As in P. munitum except the pinnules are overlapping. A very attractive species. . Evergreen.
	www.plantsforshade.co.uk /acatalog/Polystichum.html (476 words)

	UC/JEPS: Jepson Manual treatment for POLYSTICHUM munitum
		Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps).
		Retrieve Jepson Interchange Index to Plant Names entry for Polystichum munitum
		Overlay UC/JEPS specimen data by county on this map
	ucjeps.berkeley.edu /cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?19,31,40 (487 words)

	Polystichum munitum — 2ltr for sale, Polystichum munitum — 2ltr mail order, Urban Jungle - Online Shopping UK
		Polystichum munitum — 2ltr for sale, Polystichum munitum — 2ltr mail order, Urban Jungle - Online Shopping UK Select a category
		AGM (Sword Fern) Shuttlecocks of dark green, glossy, lance-shaped fronds made up of spiny-toothed pinnae.
		Polystichum munitum — 2ltr for sale, Polystichum munitum — 2ltr mail order.
	www.urbanjungle.uk.com /product.asp?productid=713 (135 words)

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