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Topic: Polyunsaturated fat

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	Saturated fat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fat that occurs naturally in living matter such as animals and plants and that is used as food for human consumption contains a varying proportion of saturated and unsaturated fat.
		Foods that contain a high proportion of saturated fat are butter, ghee, suet, tallow, lard, coconut oil, cottonseed oil and palm oil, dairy products (especially cream and cheese), meat as well as some prepared foods.
		Some claim that saturated fat (in the absence of trans fat) is healthful; for example, foods such as peanuts and pure peanut butter (peanut butter having no added partially hydrogenated vegetable oil) contain saturated fat but no trans fat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Saturated_fat (368 words)

	Encyclopedia: Fat
		Fat is one of the classes of food and, at approximately 38 kJ (9 kilocalories) per gram, as compared to sugar with 17 kJ (4 kcal) per gram or ethanol with 29 kJ (7 kcal) per gram, the most concentrated form of metabolic energy available to humans.
		Fats are sources of essential fatty acids, an important dietary requirement.
		Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that contributes to the maintenance of normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Fat (1009 words)

	Fat Dictionary
		Fats form the structures in our bodies, including muscles, nerves, membranes and blood vessels and are essential for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K in the body.
		Polyunsaturated fats are found in vegetable oils such as corn oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, and sunflower oil.
		Polyunsaturated fats are also present in fish and fish oils, which help to decrease triglyceride levels.
	www.dietsite.com /dt/diets/HeartHealthy/fatdictionary.asp (1764 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Fat
		Fats are organic compounds that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; they are the most concentrated source of energy in foods.
		Fat is one of the three nutrients (along with protein and carbohydrates) that supply calories to the body.
		Fats provide the "essential" fatty acids, which are not made by the body and must be obtained from food.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/002468.htm (1123 words)

	Choose a diet low in fat...
		Fats supply energy and essential fatty acids and promote absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Most people are aware that high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol in the diet are linked to increased blood cholesterol levels and a greater risk for heart disease.
		Fat, whether from plant or animal sources, contains more than twice the number of calories of an equal amount of carbohydrate or protein.
		The fats in most fish are low in saturated fatty acids and contain a certain type of polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3) that is under study because of a possible association with a decreased risk for heart disease in certain people.
	www.nal.usda.gov /fnic/dga/dga95/lowfat.html (903 words)

	Health by Numbers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Fats and oils are made of mixtures of fatty acids.
		Polyunsaturated fats are liquid both at room temperature and in the refrigerator.
		Polyunsaturated means that the molecules have many places where they are not saturated with hydrogen.
	www.ge.com /healthcare/hbn/fats_and_oils.html (2035 words)

	Fat, Calories, Calorie Count - LifeClinic.com
		Saturated fats, which are generally solid at room temperature, are the least healthy and tend to increase the level of cholesterol in your blood.
		Monounsaturated fats have been shown to raise the level of HDL, the 'good' cholesterol that protects against heart attacks, in the blood, so in moderation they can be part of a healthy diet.
		Although polyunsaturated fats come from plants and fish, but they may be more likely to form free radicals and lead to tissue damage.
	www.lifeclinic.com /focus/nutrition/fat.asp (758 words)

	Fat and Cholesterol
		Fat is one of three main macronutrient groups that supply calories in food (the other two are protein and carbohydrate).
		Fats are made up of fatty acids that give fats their different flavors, textures, and melting points.
		Trans fats are exposed to heat and oxygen during the frying process results in the worse possible combination of unhealthy fatty acids.
	www.drlam.com /A3R_brief_in_doc_format/2002-No3-Fatandcholesterol.cfm (8328 words)

	Fat - Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		So, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated all refer to the fatty acid part of the fat skeleton and tells us if the fatty acid chain is filled with hydrogen, if only one carbon group is missing hydrogen (monounsaturated) or if two or more carbon groups is missing hydrogen (polyunsaturated).
		Most fats and oils are triglycerides or are made of a glycerol backbone with fatty acids attached.
		All fats and oils contain a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, however, the fatty acid in the greatest proportion determines how they are named.
	www.agctr.lsu.edu /subjects/eatsmart/fat3.htm (1964 words)

	Face the fats: Some types of dietary fat are better than others - MayoClinic.com
		One type of polyunsaturated fat, omega-3 fatty acids, may be especially beneficial to your heart.
		Polyunsaturated fat is usually liquid at room temperature and in the refrigerator.
		Hydrogenated fat is a common ingredient in commercial baked goods — such as crackers, cookies and cakes — and in fried foods such as doughnuts and french fries.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/fat/NU00262 (1403 words)

	Fat, Polyunsaturated
		Like all fats, those of the polyunsaturated variety are chains of carbon atoms that have hydrogen atoms attached along their sides, like legs on a centipede.
		Because polyunsaturates reduce blood-cholesterol levels, they are much preferred over saturated fats.
		Numerous studies have shown that replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated cuts the risk of heart disease.
	www.dietpower.com /help/diet/fat__polyunsaturated_1.htm (429 words)

	[No title]
		Trans fat is monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fat which is altered by partial hydrogenation.
		As the degree of hydrogenation increases, the proportion of polyunsaturates decreases, monounsaturates and trans fatty acids increase, and saturated fats increase slightly.
		Such fats typically contain 15-20% trans fatty acids whereas partially hydrogenated oils are liquid at room temperature and are lower in trans fatty acids.
	www.vanderbilt.edu /AnS/psychology/health_psychology/Transfat.htm (1615 words)

	Trans-Fats
		However, saturated fat should still be 10% or less of total calories with the balance of the recommendation coming from monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat.
		It is important to note that ALL fats are a mixture of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, but we primarily call them by the name of the fatty acid that they have the most of.
		Trans fats were once "good" fat or unsaturated fat in the form of a vegetable oil (trans fat were never good for us, just the oil they came from).
	www.unm.edu /~ehpp/ListServeTransFat.htm (1884 words)

	Polyunsaturated fat and the risk of cancer -- Willett 311 (7015): 1239 -- BMJ
		consumption of polyunsaturated fat increases the incidence of
		polyunsaturated fat in adipose tissue and risk of breast cancer.
		fat and risk of death from cancer is not reassuring.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/311/7015/1239 (1033 words)

	Dietary fat intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in women -- Salmerón et al. 73 (6): 1019 -- American Journal of ...
		Intake of saturated fat correlated with intakes of
		monounsaturated fat was correlated with intakes of trans fat
		Dietary fat and insulin sensitivity in a triethnic population: the role of obesity.
	www.ajcn.org /cgi/content/full/73/6/1019 (5927 words)

	UPHS Nutrition Care Guide: Not All Fats are the Same (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Fats are classified as saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated, based on their chemical structure.
		Saturated fats, such as butter, shortening, lard and animal fat, are solid at room temperature.
		For example, safflower, corn and soybean oils are considered polyunsaturated fats because they contain a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
	www.pennhealth.com /health_info/nutrition/not_same.html (336 words)

	'Good' fat may be bad to the bone, study concludes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Watkins tested his idea by feeding chicks a diet rich in polyunsaturated fat plus supplemental vitamin E. Vitamin E is an antioxidant, which means it ties up and counteracts the effects of free radicals.
		If the polyunsaturated fat indeed was inhibiting bone growth by increasing oxidative stress, Watkins thought, vitamin E should counteract its negative effects.
		Bones of chicks fed large amounts of polyunsaturates plus vitamin E grew as well as bones of chicks fed a combination of moderate amounts of polyunsaturated and saturated fat.
	www.purdue.edu /UNS/html4ever/960830.Watkins.html (1137 words)

	Diet High In Polyunsaturated Fat Doubles Asthma Risk
		A diet high in polyunsaturated fats seems to double the risk of asthma, reveals research in Thorax, while being breastfed as a baby and having three or more older siblings seemed to protect against the development of asthma, the research shows.
		But a diet high in polyunsaturated fat, equating to margarine usually spread on bread and foods regularly fried in polyunsaturated vegetable oils more than doubled the risk, accounting for up to 17 per cent of the cases studied.
		The authors suggest that breastfeeding and polyunsaturated fat in the diet are modifiable factors, which, if changed, might make a substantial difference to the rising number of asthma cases.
	unisci.com /stories/20013/0719014.htm (402 words)

	Polyunsaturated Fat
		Polyunsaturated fats are healthier than saturated fats, but like all fats they are high in calories and should be eaten sparingly.
		Polyunsaturated fat is found in vegetable oils like soybean, corn, sunflower and safflower.
		Polyunsaturated fat provides essential fatty acids for healthy skin and the development of body cells.
	www.webvitamins.com /nutrient.aspx?ID=1021 (215 words)

	How What You Eat Affects Your Cholesterol
		Although all fats are concentrated sources of calories and can contribute to weight gain (and thus, high blood cholesterol levels), saturated fat is the most harmful type of fat.
		But these fats should replace some of the saturated fat in your diet - not be used in addition to saturated fat.
		Although a diet high in saturated fat is the main cause of high blood cholesterol levels, high cholesterol in the diet can also raise blood cholesterol levels.
	www.ehealthmd.com /library/lowercholesterol/LC_eat.html (1082 words)

	FDA/CFSAN Questions and Answers on Trans Fat Proposed Rule
		Fat is also needed in the diet to supply essential fatty acids, substances essential for growth but not produced by the body itself.
		A: FDA also is proposing that, wherever saturated fat limits are placed on nutrient content claims, health claims, or disclosure and disqualifying levels, the amount of trans fatty acids would be limited as well.
		The FDA notes that it is not proposing a trans fat limit for the claim "Saturated fat free" because the agency has already defined that claim as less than 0.5 grams of saturated fat and less than 0.5 grams of trans fat.
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~dms/qatrans.html (2038 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Unsaturated Fat (Monounsaturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat, Unsaturated Fatty Acids)
		Fat is needed by the body in small amounts for important functions.
		The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute recommends a total fat intake of between 25% and 35% of total daily calories from fat.
		Up to 20% of total daily calories should be from monounsaturated fat and up to 10% from polyunsaturated fat.
	www.healthopedia.com /unsaturated-fat (550 words)

	Unsaturated fat -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Cis (A compound that exists in forms having different arrangements of atoms but the same molecular weight) isomers are the most common in unprocessed food stuffs.
		(A chemical process that adds hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated oil) Hydrogenation converts unsaturated fats to (additional info and facts about saturated fat) saturated fats, while (additional info and facts about dehydrogenation) dehydrogenation accomplishes the reverse.
		Unsaturated fats tend to melt at lower (The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment (corresponding to its molecular activity)) temperatures than saturated fats, which tend to be solid at (The normal temperature of room in which people live) room temperature.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/u/un/unsaturated_fat.htm (156 words)

	Alternative Medicine Review: The effect of replacing dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fat ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		During the 2(1/2) week comparison diet, saturated fat rich foods were replaced with foods rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fats (trial I) whereas in trial II the replacement foods were rich in monounsaturated fats.
		Participants were asked to maintain a total fat intake of 30-33% of energy on all diets.
		Replacing saturated fat with either n-6 polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fat is equally efficacious at reducing the total to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FDN/is_6_6/ai_81761467 (375 words)

	Face the fats: Some types of dietary fat are better than others
		Here are the differences among these healthy fats as well as the best food sources for each type:
		Here are how these fats differ and what their common food sources are:
		Fat content in foods: Are grams or percentages most important?
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/NU/00262.html (1347 words)

	Dietary Fat and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in Older Iowa Women -- Meyer et al. 24 (9): 1528 -- Diabetes Care (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		polyunsaturated fatty acids for saturated fatty acids and cholesterol.
		fat and cholesterol and a lower relative intake of polyunsaturated
		Marshall JA, Bessesen DH, Hamman RF: High saturated fat and low starch and fibre are associated with hyperinsulinaemia in a non-diabetic population: the San Luis Valley Diabetes Study.
	care.diabetesjournals.org /cgi/content/full/24/9/1528 (4351 words)

	Fat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Saturated fat; Diet - fat; Polyunsaturated fat; Monounsaturated fat; Lipids
		Fat helps in the absorption, and transport through the bloodstream of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition.
		A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.
	www.healthscout.com /ency/1/002468.html (358 words)

	The effects of low cholesterol, high polyunsaturated fat, and low fat diets on plasma lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol ...
		The effects of low cholesterol, high polyunsaturated fat, and low fat diets on plasma lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels in normal and hypercholesterolemic subjects -- Schaefer et al.
		The effects of low cholesterol, high polyunsaturated fat, and low fat diets on plasma lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels in normal and hypercholesterolemic subjects
		polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio was 1.8 to 2.2, and diet C was a 20%
	www.ajcn.org /cgi/content/abstract/34/9/1758 (851 words)

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