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Topic: Pool type reactor

	Thermogenic swimming-pool type nuclear reactor - Patent 4033814
		A reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the neck of the venturi is adjacent the horizontal wall.
		The pool water is used both as a heat-vehicle fluid for the dissipation of the heat evolved by the fuel elements and as a biological protection, a sufficient level of water being situated above the reactor core.
		The reactor core cylinder 14, the exchangers 24 and the venturis 42 are suspended from the partitions 60 and 62.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4033814.html (2484 words)

	Plenum separator system for pool-type nuclear reactors - Patent 4613478 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In typical existing pool reactor designs the plenum separator is a cylindrical shell which is arranged to place low temperature sodium coolant in an annular region in contact with the reactor vessel wall.
		Additionally, the effect upon reactor efficiency as a result of the bypass coolant flow is slight since the volumetric flow rate required is low and a substantial portion of the heat transferred is recovered by the primary heat exchangers.
		Reactor efficiency is further enhanced since the utilization and orientation of an intermediate plenum allows a substantial reduction in the volume of the hot plenum.
	freepatentsonline.com /4613478.html (3840 words)

	Fuel assembly transfer basket for pool type nuclear reactor vessels - Patent 5019327
		The nuclear reactor fuel assembly transfer basket of claim 1, wherein the central openings extending vertically through the lower end annular base member and the upper end semicircular cap member of the hollow cylindrical body are aligned and concentric with the central axis of the hollow cylindrical body.
		The nuclear reactor fuel assembly transfer basket of claim 5, wherein the intermediate portion of the upper end semicircular cap member comprises a flat horizontal semicircular plane area extending partially around the central opening in the cap member with a peripheral vertical edge extending upward from said plane area of a partial hexagonal cross-section.
		Pool type, liquid metal cooled nuclear fission reactors typically comprise a vertically positioned tank or vessel having an open upper end provided with a cover member closing off the opening in the upper end.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5019327.html (2656 words)

	How is the HMI research reactor constructed
		The name is explained by its construction: the reactor core (essentially the fuel elements and the control rods) hangs in an open water pool.
		The water in the reactor pool heats up during operation to a temperature of around 40°C. In the BER II heat is removed by means of three successive water circulation systems linked by heat exchangers.
		The reactor core is surrounded by a beryllium reflector to increase the neutron intensity.
	www.hmi.de /grossgeraete/forschungsreaktor/aufbau_en.html (606 words)

	MONJU Website : Fast Breeder Reactors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In these reactors the energy of the neutron is reduced by "bouncing" it off the atoms in a so-called moderator material until the neutron is in thermal equilibrium with the atoms with which it is interacting.
		The fast reactor is very versatile, a reactor can be designed so that by changing the core it can be used to create more plutonium than it destroys or destroy more plutonium than it creates according to what is required.
		Both types of reactor have been built but, to date, there is less experience with large scale loop-type reactors.
	www.jnc.go.jp /zmonju/mjweb/fast.htm (1515 words)

	Reactor Analysis: Projects: Advanced Fast Reactor (AFR)
		It is being developed by building upon the extensive ANL experience on sodium reactor technology and on the fuel cycle based on pyroprocessing of spent fuel.
		Among the main areas of study are the power (size) of the reactor, maintainability of components inside the primary tank, and the containment design.
		The primary sodium pool is essentially isothermal (at the low, reactor inlet temperature), which provides a large heat capacity that allows for ample response time in multiple transients.
	www.rae.anl.gov /research/ardt/afr (597 words)

	Nuclear Area - Reactor NUR (Algeria) - Technical Description
		The NUR Reactor is a pool-type reactor with an open water surface and variable core arrangement.
		Access to the reactor core from the top of pool level is possible with the reactor operating at full power, in order to facilitate actual implementation of experiments.
		Reactor safety is complemented with a network of radiation detectors located in contamination-risk areas, plus a fire-detection and manual and automatic fire-extinguishing systems.
	www.invap.net /nuclear/nur/description-e.html (427 words)

	Nur Reactor / Draria
		This reactor, which was inaugurated in April 1989, took only 18 months to assemble was given the name NUR ("luminosity" in Arabic).
		The reactor in Algiers is similar in general design to the Argentine RA-6 reactor, but features significant upgrading of the human-machine interface.
		The reactor itself is of little direct significance to weapons proliferation, in partly dues to its limited capacity, and because the reactor was subject to a site-specific safeguards agreement with the IAEA.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/world/algeria/nur.htm (410 words)

	Foreword
		The research reactor LWR-15 at the Nuclear Research Institute Řež, plc is a light water swimming pool type reactor with force cooling.
		The reactor core is situated in the reactor vessel (outer diameter 230 cm, total height of the vessel 623 cm), which is made of steel, the internal parts of the reactor are made of aluminum alloy.
		The reactor has a forced circulation of the coolant (light demineralised water).
	omega.ujf.cas.cz /CFANR/k3.html (290 words)

	The SLOWPOKE Laboratory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This small pool-type reactor operated from 1976 to 1997 with the original fuel, 1 kg of 93% enriched uranium.
		The Laboratory is used primarily for neutron activation analysis, which is a type of non-destructive chemical analysis used for measuring the concentrations of chemical elements in solids et liquids.
		For the measurement of residence time distributions, solids and gases are activated in the SLOWPOKE reactor and injected in the system under study and their movement is followed with several NaI detectors.
	www2.polymtl.ca /nucl/LTN/SLP-En.html (664 words)

	McMaster Nuclear Reactor - The Reactor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The purpose of the coolant system is to safely remove energy generated in the fission process from the reactor core and transport it to a final heat sink.
		The reactor can be stored in one section of the pool while changes in experimental equipment are made in the other.
		The open pool concept provides ready access to the reactor core and its experimental facilities, making it a flexible research tool, capable of adapting to changing research requirements.
	www.science.mcmaster.ca /mnr/Reactor-Page/reactor.htm (257 words)

	9th Power Plant Dynamics Paper
		The reactor is a light-water cooled and reflected pool type reactor capable of pulse operation to 1000 Megawatts (MW) and constant power operation at 1 MW maximum.
		However, the TRIGA reactor has a unique natural circulation coolant flow pattern where up to 90% of the coolant is drawn in from the sides of the reactor [14].
		Tl is the deviation from equilibrium of estimated average temperature of the coolant leaving the reactor (deg.C).
	www.mne.psu.edu /edwards/PUBS/PPD9PAPR/PPD9PAPR.HTM (3901 words)

	Slowpoke - 2 Reactor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Dalhousie University's SLOWPOKE is a small pool type reactor using enriched Uranium - 235 fuel with a light water moderator and beryllium reflector.
		The actual core of the reactor measures 22 centimeters in diameter and 22 centimeters in height.
		The core is cooled by natural convectional flow of the water moderator and at maximum power reaches a temperature of approximately 50 degrees C. The heat generated is dissipated by warming up a larger outer pool of water several degrees by conduction through the walls of the container.
	www.dal.ca /%7Eehs/slowpoke.htm (248 words)

	News In Science - 26/8/1999 Another nuclear reactor for Sydney
		The proposal for a new reactor, announced by the Federal Government in 1997, is scheduled to be operational in 2005.
		The up to 20 megawatt reactor will replace the existing 10-megawatt HIFAR (High Flux Australian Reactor) that was commissioned in 1958.
		According to ANSTO (Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation) a modern swimming pool type reactor would produce a higher neutron flux than the current reactor enabling Australia to meet the growing demand for medical radiopharmaceuticals and conduct research into new materials such as plastics, polymers, lightweight substances and those important to nano-technology.
	pandora.nla.gov.au /pan/10082/20010703/www.abc.net.au/science/news/print/print_46962.htm (270 words)

	Liquid Metal Cooled Nuclear Power Plant Reactor Designs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Metal Cooled Reactors usually use liquid sodium or a combination of sodium and potassium.
		An advantage of this type of reactor is that the liquid metal has great heat transfer properties so that the reactor can be operated at much lower pressures and higher temperatures.
		As some are aware, the commercial breeder reactor program was shutdown in the late 1970's because of nuclear proliferation concerns.
	www.nucleartourist.com /type/metal.htm (216 words)

	NEWS Release. ANSTO Welcomes Environmental Clearance for Replacement Reactor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A modern swimming pool type reactor would produce a higher neutron flux than the current reactor, enabling research into new nuclear medicines and new materials such as plastics, polymers, lightweight substances and those important to nano-technology.
		The proposed replacement reactor would be 14-20 megawatts, compared to the present reactor’s 10 megawatts.
		The replacement research reactor will enable Australia to meet the growing demand for medical radiopharmaceuticals, to provide research capabilities for advancing Australian science, to support industrial and scientific applications, and to provide nuclear expertise necessary in the national interest.
	www.ansto.gov.au /info/press/p0699.html (343 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Kansas State University; TRIGA Mark II Nuclear Research Reactor; Environmental Assessment and ...
		In addition, the environmental impact associated with operation of research reactors has been generically evaluated by the staff and is discussed in the attached generic evaluation.
		Sited most frequently on the campuses of large universities, the reactors are usually housed in already existing structures, appropriately modified, or placed in new buildings that are designed and constructed to blend in with existing facilities.
		Based on experience with other research reactors, specifically TRIGA reactors operating in the 1 to 2 MWt range, the annual release of gaseous and liquid effluents to unrestricted areas should be less than 30 curies and 0.01 curies, respectively.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2001/March/Day-27/i7510.htm (1805 words)

	Nuclear Engineering International: Maple - a multipurpose reactor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Maple reactor requires about half the staff that is needed to operate the NRU reactor.
		Maple is a low-pressure, low-temperature, open tank-in-pool type research reactor that uses low-enriched uranium fuel with the option to use advantageous high density LEU fuels in the future.
		The reactor assembly is located at the bottom of a rectangualar pool, 30.5 x9.5m (water depth).
	newssearch.looksmart.com /p/articles/mi_qa3829/is_200012/ai_n8918335 (735 words)

	Construction and Operation of the McMaster Nuclear Reactor - Storming Media
		Abstract: The McMaster Nuclear Reactor is a conventional pool-type research reactor.
		The reactor is currently licensed to operate at a maximum power level of one megawatt.
		The reactor is fueled with 18 plate MTR type fuel elements.
	www.stormingmedia.us /07/0709/A070913.html (92 words)

	McMaster Nuclear Reactor Celebrates 45 Years of Groundbreaking Research - Published by McMaster Daily News April 5, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It was the first university-based research reactor in the British Commonwealth and today is the only Canadian medium flux reactor in a university environment.
		The reactor is a pool-type research reactor that operates weekdays from 8 a.m.
		While the reactor is home to groundbreaking research and multidisciplinary education, it is also a valuable resource for industry, says Chris Heysel, director of nuclear operations and facilities.
	www.science.mcmaster.ca /mnr/Main-Page/News/story.cfm.html (723 words)

	BNES YGN: Events » Reactor Seminar 2003
		In summary the two days at Harwell gave an insight in to the different aspects of the reactor sector, and just how many different aspects there are involved with reactors with presentations from the white paper to the naval nuclear propulsion programme and from operation to the decommissioning of reactors.
		In the short time available, the background to the reactor experiments available for the afternoon session was explained, which were designed to provide a flavour of the physics tests required for new reactor cores, and being part of the operations of a small reactor and its control room.
		On the reactor itself, attendees were able to take part in approach to critical experiments, a careful assessment of the critical balance positions of the control rods, followed by the assessment of control rod reactivity worth.
	www.bnes.com /ygn/events/reactor/reactor03/reactor03.html (2224 words)

	NE (NEEP) 428: Nuclear Reactor Laboratory
		Experiments on reactor operation, flux measurement, measurements of reactor parameters, using pool type reactor.
		verify through experiment the predictions of reactor theory for the time-dependent behavior of the reactor in the subcritical state, the critical state and the supercritical state, the response of the reactor to reactivity perturbations, and the spatial shape and energy spectrum of neutron fluxes.
		Senior utility officers have noted that this kind of training is invaluable for their operators (as opposed to exclusive reliance on simulator training) because it provides lessons in the behavior of a real reactor that can not be captured with analytical or computer models.
	www.engr.wisc.edu /ep/neep/courses/neep428.html (557 words)

	OSU Nuclear Reactor Laboratory
		With the reactor's low power and relatively low duty cycle, fuel burnup during the first 25 years was just a few grams.
		The OSURR pool holds roughly 5700 gallons of water.
		At 10 kW, losses to the air and concrete walls were sufficient to keep the water cool indefinitely.
	www-nrl.eng.ohio-state.edu /facilities/reactor.html (198 words)

	The Integral Fast Reactor (Gregory Greenman; E. Michael Smith; John De Armond; T Orth)
		Within the pool is a primary to secondary heat exhanger which is sodium to sodium.
		Fast reactors can usually be operated in a breeding mode by surrounding the reactor with a U238 "blanket" that absorbs the neutrons which leak out to produce Pu239.
		In the event of a explosion of the type you are describing, the HX would be blown apart, thus destroying the pathway for water to enter the secondary loop.
	www.yarchive.net /nuke/ifr.html (20360 words)

	Glass melting furnace, a special type of chemical reactor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Raw materials are converted by a large number of solid state or solid/liquid state reactions, in these reactors into a homogeneous melt, without unmolten material, without bubbles or other inhomogeneities.
		The flows in the glass furnace reactor are characterized by a combination of plug flow, ideal mixing and dead water.
		These flows are determined by free convection due to temperature gradients and forced convection due to stirring and the pull.
	www.chem.tue.nl /glasstech/GLASSFURNACE.htm (730 words)

	Nuclear Area - Reactor ETRR-2(Egypt)
		The reactor is designed to be applied in research activities in the fields of neutron physics and material science; nuclear fuel RandD, radioisotope production; neutron radiography, neutron activation analysis, boron neutron capture therapy, silicon doping and training in nuclear engineering and reactor operation.
		The ETRR-2 is an open pool-type reactor with 22 MW thermal power, built by INVAP for the Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt at Inshas, 60 km north-east of Cairo, Egypt.
		Following an international bid, the Atomic Energy Authority of Egypt (AEA) awarded INVAP a turn-key contract for the construction of the ETRR-2 multi-purpose reactor, aiming at the development of a nuclear technology base, with the ETRR-2 being one of its main tools.
	www.invap.net /nuclear/etrr-2/intro-e.html (174 words)

	The CANDU Syndrome: Canada's Bid to Export Nuclear Reactors to Turkey (2)
		[34] The 1 MW reactor, known as TR-1 (Turkish Reactor-1) went critical in 1962 and was reportedly shut down in September 1977 for financial reasons.
		A former Turkish nuclear official has described the reactor as "...too small for electricity generation and too big for research or training, however, very suitable for plutonium production"[62], and therefore a very real threat in terms of nuclear weapons proliferation.
		As in the case of the sale of reactors to China, it is virtually certain that AECL will negotiate some degree of technology transfer in order to promote a sale.
	www.ccnr.org /turkey_syndrome_2.html (6445 words)

	CNS - Selected Indian Nuclear Facilities
		BARC officials plan to refurbish the aging reactor, modifying it to test a new indigenous design of a 5-10 MWt research reactor.(23) The work is scheduled to begin after repairs on the Cirus reactor are completed.
		To supplement or replace the aging Cirus and Dhruva reactors, BARC officials have announced that they plan to build a new 100MWt research reactor at the Trombay complex.(37) The new reactor would be based on the Dhruva design and is optimistically expected to become operational by 2010.
		Throughout their history, the MAPS-1 and -2 reactors have performed reasonably well by Indian standards, having operated at full capacity 51 and 54 percent of the time, respectively.(210) While this is better than the India-wide average of 49 percent, it is still significantly less than the world average of 70 percent.
	cns.miis.edu /research/india/nuclear.htm (12336 words)

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