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	PHILIP V. (FRANCE) - LoveToKnow Article on PHILIP V. (FRANCE) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The pope, in his opposition to the imposition of royal taxation upon the clergy, went so far in the bull Clericis laicos of 1296 as to forbid any lay authority to demand taxes from the clergy without his consent.
		Boniface escaped from his captors only to die (October n), and the short pontificate of his saintly successor, Benedict XI., was occupied in a vain effort to restore harmony to the Church.
		The election was ultimately determined by the diplomacy and the gold of Philip's agents, and the new pope, Clement V., was the weak-willed creature of the French king, to whom he owed the tiara.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PH/PHILIP_V_FRANCE_.htm (1029 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		(One of Boniface's first acts as pontiff was to imprison his predecessor in the castle of Fumone, where he died at the age of 91, attended by two monks of his order.) In 1300 Boniface instituted the jubilees, which afterwards became a source of both profit and scandal to the church.
		However, before the Pope could lay France under an interdict, Boniface was seized at Anagni by a party of horsemen under Guillaume de Nogaret, an agent of Philip and Sciarra Colonna.
		Boniface was released from capitivity after three days, however, despite his fortitude died of shock a month later, on October 11, 1303.
	www.kernersville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Pope_Boniface_VIII (475 words)

	Pope Boniface V - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Boniface V (died October 25, 625) was pope from 619 to 625.
		Boniface V was a Neapolitan who succeeded Pope Adeodatus I after a vacancy of more than a year.
		Boniface completed and consecrated the cemetery of Saint Nicomedes on the Via Nomentana.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Boniface_V (380 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement V
		Of Pope Clement it may be said that the few measures of equity that appear in the course of this great crime were owing to him; unfortunately his sense of justice and his respect for the law were counterbalanced by a weak and vacillating character, to which perhaps his feeble and uncertain health contributed.
		Pope Clement was apparently active in favour of Philip's plan; at the same time he made it known to the ecclesiastical electors that the selection of Count Henry of Lützelburg, brother of the Archbishop of Trier, would be pleasing to him.
		As the pope died (20 April) before this collection had been generally published, its authenticity was doubted by some, wherefore John XXII promulgated it anew, 25 October, 1317, and sent it to the University of Bologna as a genuine collection of papal decretals to be used in the courts and the schools.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04020a.htm (3037 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		(One of Boniface's first acts as pontiff was to imprison his predecessor in the castle of Fumone, where he died at the age of 81, attended by two monks of his order.) In 1300 Boniface instituted the jubilees, which afterwards became a source of both profit and scandal to the church.
		Dante portrayed Boniface VIII, though alive at the date of his vision, as destined for the Inferno—specifically the Eighth Circle, in a special pit reserved for Popes guilty of simony—in his Divine Comedy.
		Although inspired by his personal hatred of the deceased pope, the many witnesses and their statements are regarded as credible by modern historiography.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Boniface_VIII (673 words)

	The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. II: Basilica - Chambers (boniface)
		Boniface died Sept. 4, 422, and is reckoned among the saints of the Roman Catholic Church.
		He encouraged Celestine V in his project of retirement to ascetic seclusion, and even drew up the formula of abdication, by which he was to profit; for, less than a fortnight after Celestine had laid down the papal dignity, it was bestowed upon his adviser (Dec. 24, 1294).
		Boniface took a lofty tone with Albert, summoning him to appear within six months and submit his claims to the throne, since it belonged to the pope to examine the person chosen king of the Romans, and reject him if unsuitable.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/encyc02.boniface.html (4745 words)

	Boniface VIII. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Boniface was elected on Celestine’s abdication, and during his first years he was opposed by those who had suffered from Celestine’s retirement—the Neapolitans, the Colonna family, and the extreme Franciscans, among them Jacopone da Todi.
		Boniface’s contest with Philip IV of France was the principal feature of his career.
		In 1310 he forced Clement V to begin a process to determine that Boniface was heretical; that accusation was abandoned, but Clement consented to repudiate such of Boniface’s acts as had hurt Philip.
	www.bartleby.com /65/bo/Bonifc8.html (470 words)

	BONIFACE V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Boniface was consecrated pope on December 23, 619.
		The acolytes seem to have been a pushful group in those days, for Boniface twice had to issue decrees restraining their activity, once to prevent them from taking part in the distribution or translating of relics, and again from taking the place of deacons in the ceremony of baptism.
		Boniface finished the construction of the Cemetery of St. Nocomedes on the Via Nomentana, but when he died in 625, he was buried like his predecessors in St. Peter's.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp69.htm (409 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Pope Boniface VIII
		Pope Boniface VIII gained the reputation of being prone to outbursts of impatience and was consumed by the acquisition of wealth and power for his family and for himself.
		Pope Boniface VIII proclaimed 1300 a year of Jubilee (the first Holy Year) and granted plenary indulgences (the remission of temporal punishment in Purgatory) to the tens of thousands of pilgrims to Rome.
		On Oct. 11 or 12, 1303, Pope Boniface VIII, tired of the constant turmoil in his papacy, died a broken man and was buried in a crypt in Saint Peter’s Basilica.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /PopeBonifaceVIII.htm (739 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pope Boniface V
		Events Pope Boniface V succeeded by Pope Honorius I Births Adamnan, abbot of Iona Empress Wu Zetian of China Deaths Pope Boniface V Categories: 625...
		The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches.
		The Book of the Popes or the Liber Pontificalis is a major source for early medieval history and one that has received intense critical scrutiny.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-Boniface-V (1332 words)

	Pope Adrian V - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He was elected pope to succeed Innocent V on July 12, 1276, but died at Viterbo on August 18, without ever having been ordained to the priesthood; he is buried there in the church of S. Francesco.
		He achieved little during his time as Pope; he annulled Gregory X's bull on the holding of papal conclaves, but died before enacting new regulations.
		This biography of a Pope is a stub.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Pope_Adrian_V (227 words)

	POPE BONIFACE V FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Boniface V (died October_25, 625) was pope from 619 to 625.
		He was consecrated as pope on December_23, 619.
		Boniface V was a Neapolitan who succeeded Pope_Adeodatus_I after a vacancy of more than a year.
	www.gottaorderflowers.com /Pope_Boniface_V (312 words)

	The Ultimate Pope Boniface IV - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Boniface obtained leave from the Emperor Phocas to convert the Pantheon into a Christian Church, and on May 13 609 (?) the temple erected by Agrippa to Jupiter the Avenger, to Venus, and to Mars was consecrated by the pope to the Virgin Mary and all the Martyrs.
		In it he tells the pope that he is charged with heresy for accepting the Fifth Ecumenical Council (the Second Council of Constantinople in 553), and exhorts him to summon a council and prove his orthodoxy.
		Boniface IV is commemorated as a saint in the Roman Martyrology on his feast day, 25 May.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Pope_Boniface_IV (602 words)

	Patron Saints Index: Pope Boniface VIII
		Boniface's 9 years were a time of crisis in Europe, and he was no statesman.
		The pope stood firm and, according to tradition, was slapped by Nogaret’s companion, Sciarra Colonna.
		In 1310 he forced Clement V to start an investigation to determine if Boniface was a heretic.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/pope0193.htm (362 words)

	Biography – Pope Boniface VIII – The Papal Library
		At the conclusion of a peace between Charles II of Naples and the King of Aragon, Charles swore fidelity to Pope Boniface in the Church of Saint Sabina.
		Boniface, perceiving that some princes oppressed the clergy with imposts, published, on the 21st of September, 1296, a bull, which he caused to be inserted in the sixth book the Decretals, to remedy that evil.
		The unfortunate pope was abandoned by all his court, except the cardinals of Sabina, Peter of Spain, of Ostia, and Bonasini, who was his successor.
	www.saint-mike.org /papal-library/BonifaceVIII/Biography.html (1560 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Pope Boniface V
		Pope Boniface V was a Neopolitan and was consecrated pope on December 23, 619.
		Shortly after Boniface V became pope, Eleutherius, the patrician pretender, proclaimed that he wished to assume the imperial crown in Rome.
		Pope Boniface V completed the construction of the Cemetery of Saint Nicomedes on the Via Nomentana.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /PopeBonifaceV.htm (396 words)

	Pope Boniface VIII (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He was regarded as a man of great ability, and was elected in 1294 after Celestine V was persuaded to resign.
		In 1300 Boniface instituted the jubilees, which afterwards became such a source of profit and of scandal to the church.
		Dante portrayed Boniface VIII, though alive at the date of his vision, as destined for the Inferno in his Divine Comedy.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/pope_boniface_viii (324 words)

	History
		Boniface tried, and failed, to restore Sicily to obedience to the Church, against the claims of the Aragonese ruler Frederick III.
		Boniface was forced to soften his position in order to avoid open conflict with the French king, Phillip IV, for as long as possible.
		In the Decameron (I.1), Boniface is recalled in the context of Charles of Valois' infamous "pacification" mission to Florence in 1300, which brought about the triumph of the Black Guelph faction.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Italian_Studies/dweb/history/characters/boniface_viii.shtml (396 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Boniface VIII
		Boniface now withdrew from Rome to Orvieto, where, on the 4th of September, 1297, he declared war and entrusted the command of the pontifical troops to Landolfo Colonna, a brother of Jacopo.
		He was one of the most distinguished canonists of his age, and as pope enriched the general ecclesiastical legislation by the promulgation ("Sacrosanctæ", 1298) of a large number of his own constitutions and of those of his predecessors, since 1234, when Gregory IX promulgated his five books of Decretals.
		Gröne, a German Catholic historian of the popes, says of Boniface (II, 164) that while his utterances equal in importance those of Gregory VII and Innocent III, the latter were always more ready to act, Boniface to discourse; they relied on the Divine strength of their office, Boniface on the cleverness of his canonical deductions.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02662a.htm (9059 words)

	Pope Boniface V -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Boniface V (died October 25, (Click link for more info and facts about 625) 625) was (The head of the Roman Catholic Church) pope from (Click link for more info and facts about 619) 619 to (Click link for more info and facts about 625) 625.
		He was consecrated as pope on December 23, (Click link for more info and facts about 619) 619.
		Boniface V was a (Click link for more info and facts about Neapolitan) Neapolitan who succeeded (Click link for more info and facts about Pope Adeodatus I) Pope Adeodatus I after a vacancy of more than a year.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pope_boniface_v.htm (366 words)

	England and Rome
		A.D. Bull of Pope Sergius I (687-701) to Abbot Aldhelm, for Malmesbury abbey and Frome abbey.
		Bull of Pope Hadrian I (772-95) for King Offa, his wife Cynethryth, and their offspring, granting possession of monasteries which Offa had founded or acquired, and which were consecrated in honour of St Peter.
		Letter of Pope John VIII (872-82) to Æthelred, archbishop of Canterbury, and Wulfhere [sic], archbishop of York, and all the bishops, priests, deacons, and clergy, in England.
	www.trin.cam.ac.uk /sdk13/chartwww/England&Rome/popes.html (1458 words)

	Station Information - Pope Adeodatus I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Adeodatus I (also called Deusdedit I) served as Pope from 615 to 618.
		He was born in Rome, the son of a subdeacon.
		According to tradition, he was the first pope to use lead seals (bullae) on papal documents, which in time came to be called "papal bulls".
	www.stationinformation.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pope_adeodatus_i.html (72 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Boniface V
		Boniface completed and consecrated the cemetery of St. Nicomedes on the Via Nomentana.
		One is written to Justus, after he had succeeded Mellitus as Archbishop of Canterbury (624), conferring the pallium upon him and directing him to "ordain bishops as occasion should require".
		According to Bede, Pope Boniface also sent letters to Edwin, King of Northumbria (625), urging him to embrace the Christian Faith, and to the Christian Princess Ethelberga, Edwin's spouse, exhorting her to use her best endeavours for the conversion of her consort (Bede, H. E., II, vii, viii, x, xi).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02661a.htm (379 words)

	Pope Clement V - 1264 - 1314 \| The Knights Templar \| templarhistory.com
		Pope Clement V - 1264 - 1314
		Pope Clement V was born Bertrand de Got in 1264 CE at Villandraut in Gascony.
		Philip Le Bel, who as mentioned earlier, was an enemy of Pope Boniface VIII, so deeply hatred the man that he tried to have him posthumously branded as a heretic.
	www.templarhistory.com /clementv.html (574 words)

	Pope Celestine V
		Celestine V was pope in the year 1294.
		His successor, Boniface VIII, sent for him, and finally, despite desperate attempts of the late Pope to escape, got him into his hands, and imprisoned him in the castle of Fumone near Ferentino in Camupagna, where, after languishing for ten months in that infected air, he died on the 19th May 1296.
		Another thing he did which may be noted (it seems to be the only instance in the history of the Church) is that he empowered one Francis of Apt, a Franciscan friar, to confer the clerical tonsure and minor orders on Lodovico (who would later become Bishop of Tolouse), son of the king of Sicily.
	usapedia.com /p/pope-celestine-v.html (494 words)

	Cultural Catholic - Pope Celestine V
		At first Pope Celestine V refused the papacy (his internal struggle is described in Ignazio Silone's book, The Adventure of a Poor Christian) because he liked the hermit life of a monk.
		Pope Celestine V was elected pope on July 5, 1294 and abdicated on December 13, 1294 because Pope Celestine V did not like having power over others as he felt power was a temptation which could lead to corruption.
		After his abdication, Pope Celestine V intended to return to the monestery, but instead was arrested by his successor, Pope Boniface VIII, for fear Pope Celestine V would reclaim the papacy.
	www.culturalcatholic.com /PopeCelestineV.htm (155 words)

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